Homework #1 Solutions Due: August 28

3. Solve the linear system via Gauss’s method.

x+y z=3
(a) 2x y z=1
3x + y + 2z = 0

I Solution. Do Gauss reduction using the augmented matrix.

0 1 0 1
1 1 1 3 1 1 1 3
2⇢1 +⇢2
@2 1 1 1A ! @0 3 1 5A
3⇢1 +⇢3
3 1 2 0 0 2 5 9
0 1
1 1 1 3
(2/3)⇢2 +⇢3
! @0 3 1 1 A
0 0 13/3 17/3

This last matrix is the augmented matrix of the linear system in echelon form:

x+ y z= 3
3y + z= 5
13/3z = 17/3

This can be solved by back substitution: z = 17/13, y = (1/3)z + 5/3 =

(17/39) + 5/3 = 16/13 and x = y + z + 3 = (16/13) (17/13) + 3 = 6/13.
Thus, the unique solution is

(x, y, z) = (6/13, 16/13, 17/13).

J
x + y + 2z = 0
(b) 2x y + z = 1
4x + y + 5z = 1

I Solution. Do Gauss reduction using the augmented matrix.

0 1 0 1 0 1
1 1 2 0 1 1 2 0 1 1 2 0
2⇢1 +⇢2 ⇢2 +⇢3
@2 1 1 1A ! @0 3 3 1A ! @0 3 3 1A
4⇢1 +⇢3
4 1 5 1 0 3 3 1 0 0 0 0

This last matrix is the augmented matrix of the linear system in echelon form:

x + y + 2z = 0
3y 3z = 1
0=0

Math 2085 3