bud29281_appa_1003-1058.

qxd 12/28/09 2:43 PM Page 1026

1026 Mechanical Engineering Design

Table A–15

Charts of Theoretical Stress-Concentration Factors K*t

Figure A–15–1 3.0

Bar in tension or simple d

compression with a transverse 2.8
F w F
hole. σ0 = F/A, where
A = (w − d)t and t is the
2.6
thickness.
Kt

2.4

2.2

2.0
0 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.8
d/w

Figure A–15–2 3.0

d

Rectangular bar with a d/h = 0

w
transverse hole in bending. 2.6
σ0 = Mc/I , where 0.25
M M
I = (w − d)h 3/12. 0.5
2.2 h
1.0
Kt
2.0
1.8


1.4

1.0
0 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.8
d/w

Figure A–15–3 3.0

r
w /d = 3
Notched rectangular bar in
F w d F
tension or simple compression. 2.6
σ0 = F/A, where A = dt and t
is the thickness. 1.5
2.2
1.2
Kt
1.1
1.8
1.05

1.4

1.0
0 0.05 0.10 0.15 0.20 0.25 0.30
r /d
bud29281_appa_1003-1058.qxd 12/28/09 2:43 PM Page 1027

Useful Tables 1027

Table A–15

Charts of Theoretical Stress-Concentration Factors K *t (Continued)

Figure A–15–4 3.0

1.10 w/d =  r
Notched rectangular bar in
bending. σ0 = Mc/I , where 2.6 M w M
1.5 d
c = d/2, I = td 3/12, and t is 1.05
the thickness.
2.2

Kt 1.02

1.8

1.4

1.0
0 0.05 0.10 0.15 0.20 0.25 0.30
r /d

Figure A–15–5 3.0

Rectangular filleted bar in r

D/d = 1.50
tension or simple compression. 2.6
F D d F
σ0 = F/A, where A = dt and
t is the thickness. 1.10
2.2

Kt
1.05
1.8

1.02
1.4

1.0
0 0.05 0.10 0.15 0.20 0.25 0.30
r/d

Figure A–15–6 3.0

Rectangular filleted bar in r

bending. σ0 = Mc/I , where 2.6 M M

1.05 D d
c = d/2, I = td 3/12, t is the
thickness. 3
2.2
1.1 1.3
Kt

1.8

1.4 D/d = 1.02

1.0
0 0.05 0.10 0.15 0.20 0.25 0.30
r/d (continued)

*Factors from R. E. Peterson, “Design Factors for Stress Concentration,” Machine Design, vol. 23, no. 2, February 1951, p. 169; no. 3, March
1951, p. 161, no. 5, May 1951, p. 159; no. 6, June 1951, p. 173; no. 7, July 1951, p. 155. Reprinted with permission from Machine Design,
a Penton Media Inc. publication.
bud29281_appa_1003-1058.qxd 12/28/09 2:43 PM Page 1028

1028 Mechanical Engineering Design

Table A–15

Charts of Theoretical Stress-Concentration Factors K*t (Continued)

Figure A–15–7 2.6

Round shaft with shoulder fillet r

in tension. σ0 = F/A, where
A = πd 2/4. 2.2 F D d F

Kt 1.8 D/d
= 1.50
1.0 1.10
5
1.4
1.02

1.0
0 0.05 0.10 0.15 0.20 0.25 0.30
r/d

Figure A–15–8 3.0

Round shaft with shoulder fillet r

in torsion. τ0 = T c/J , where 2.6
D d
c = d/2 and J = πd 4/32. T T

2.2

Kts

1.8

D/d = 1.20 1.33

2
1.4
1.09

1.0
0 0.05 0.10 0.15 0.20 0.25 0.30
r/d

Figure A–15–9 3.0

Round shaft with shoulder fillet r

in bending. σ0 = Mc/I , where 2.6
M D d M
c = d/2 and I = πd 4/64.

2.2

Kt

1.8 D/d
= 3
1.5
1.4 1.10 1.02
1.05

1.0
0 0.05 0.10 0.15 0.20 0.25 0.30
r/d
bud29281_appa_1003-1058.qxd 12/28/09 7:26 PM Page 1029

Useful Tables 1029

Table A–15

Charts of Theoretical Stress-Concentration Factors K *t (Continued)

Figure A–15–10 4.0

T
d
Round shaft in torsion with
transverse hole. 3.6 T D
B A
Kts, A J ␲D 3
dD2
Kts 3.2 c = 16 – 6 (approx)

Kts, B
2.8

2.4
0 0.05 0.10 0.15 0.20 0.25 0.30
d/D

Figure A–15–11 3.0

d
Round shaft in bending
D
with a transverse hole. σ0 = 2.6
M/[(π D 3/32) − (d D 2/6)],
M M
approximately.
2.2
Kt

1.8

1.4

1.0
0 0.05 0.10 0.15 0.20 0.25 0.30
d/D

Figure A–15–12 11

t
Plate loaded in tension by a
pin through a hole. σ0 = F/A, 9 h
h/w = 0.35 d
where A = (w − d)t . When
clearance exists, increase Kt w F/2 F/2
7
35 to 50 percent. (M. M. Frocht
and H. N. Hill, “Stress- Kt
Concentration Factors around 5
a Central Circular Hole in a F
Plate Loaded through a Pin in h/w = 0.50
Hole,” J. Appl. Mechanics, 3
h/w ⱖ 1.0
vol. 7, no. 1, March 1940,
p. A-5.)
1
0 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.8
d/w (continued)

*Factors from R. E. Peterson, “Design Factors for Stress Concentration,” Machine Design, vol. 23, no. 2, February 1951, p. 169; no. 3, March
1951, p. 161, no. 5, May 1951, p. 159; no. 6, June 1951, p. 173; no. 7, July 1951, p. 155. Reprinted with permission from Machine Design, a
Penton Media Inc. publication.
bud29281_appa_1003-1058.qxd 12/28/09 5:58 PM Page 1030

1030 Mechanical Engineering Design

Table A–15

Charts of Theoretical Stress-Concentration Factors K *t (Continued)

Figure A–15–13 3.0

r
1.15
Grooved round bar in tension.
σ0 = F/A, where A = πd 2/4. 2.6
1.05 F D d F

2.2
Kt
1.02 D/d = 1.50
1.8

1.4

1.0
0 0.05 0.10 0.15 0.20 0.25 0.30
r/d

Figure A–15–14 3.0

r
Grooved round bar in bending.
σ0 = Mc/l, where c = d/2 2.6 M M
D d
and I = πd 4/64.
1.05
2.2
Kt
1.02 D/d = 1.50
1.8

1.4

1.0
0 0.05 0.10 0.15 0.20 0.25 0.30
r/d

Figure A–15–15 2.6

r

Grooved round bar in torsion. T T

τ0 = T c/J, where c = d/2 and 2.2
D d
J = πd 4/32.

1.8
Kts 1.05

D/d = 1.30
1.4
1.02

1.0
0 0.05 0.10 0.15 0.20 0.25 0.30
r/d

*Factors from R. E. Peterson, “Design Factors for Stress Concentration,” Machine Design, vol. 23, no. 2, February 1951, p. 169; no. 3, March 1951,
p. 161, no. 5, May 1951, p. 159; no. 6, June 1951, p. 173; no. 7, July 1951, p. 155. Reprinted with permission from Machine Design, a Penton
Media Inc. publication.
bud29281_appa_1003-1058.qxd 12/28/09 5:58 PM Page 1031

Useful Tables 1031

Table A–15

Charts of Theoretical Stress-Concentration Factors K *t (Continued)

Figure A–15–16
a
r r
Round shaft with flat-bottom t
9.0 F F
groove in bending and/or D d
M M
tension.
4F 32M r
σ0 = + 8.0 t
πd 2 πd 3 0.03
Source: W. D. Pilkey, Peterson’s
Stress-Concentration Factors, 7.0 0.04
2nd ed. John Wiley & Sons,
New York, 1997, p. 115. 0.05
6.0
Kt 0.07

5.0 0.10

0.15
4.0 0.20

0.40
3.0 0.60

1.00
2.0

1.0
0.5 0.6 0.7 0.8 0.91.0 2.0 3.0 4.0 5.0 6.0
a/t

(continued)
bud29281_appa_1003-1058.qxd 12/28/09 5:58 PM Page 1032

1032 Mechanical Engineering Design

Table A–15

Charts of Theoretical Stress-Concentration Factors K *t (Continued)

a
Figure A–15–17 T
r r
t
Round shaft with flat-bottom
D d
groove in torsion.
16T
τ0 =
πd 3 T
Source: W. D. Pilkey, Peterson’s 6.0
Stress-Concentration Factors,
2nd ed. John Wiley & Sons,
r
New York, 1997, p. 133 5.0 t
0.03

0.04
4.0

Kts 0.06

3.0
0.10

0.20
2.0

1.0
0.5 0.6 0.7 0.8 0.91.0 2.0 3.0 4.0 5.0 6.0
a/t