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Disaster Risk Reduction and Readiness Study Guide  losing something you value

Disaster Disaster Risk

- a sudden calamitous occurrence that causes great harm, injury, destruction, and  possible damage caused by a hazard/potential disaster loses occur
devastation to life and property community over specified future time period
- disrupts usual course of life, causing both physical and emotional distress (intense  determined by:
feeling of helplessness and hopelessness a. Hazard
- elements affected: life and property b. Vulnerability
 minor damages: windows/doors c. Coping capacity
 total destruction: completely destroyed structures
 worst scenario: death Vulnerability
- often a result of: - state at being at risk; inability to resist a hazard /respond when a disaster has
 exposure to hazard occurred
 conditions of vulnerability present - vulnerability assessment and management
 insufficient capacity/measures to reduce/cope with potential negative - coping capacity – ability of people in using resources in times of disaster; req
consequences cont. awareness
- depends on the preparedness and readiness to hazard
Natural Disasters
- different vulnerabilities:
 natural phenomenon caused by natural forces: earthquakes, typhoon,
1. Physical Vulnerability
volcanic eruptions, fires
(structural and non-structural)
 progressive/slow onset and rapid onset disasters
2. Social + Economic (Socioeconomic) Vulnerability
3. Environmental Vulnerability
Hazards
 source/condition that has the potential to cause harm to humans in the terms discussed:
form of injury/illness, property damage, environmental damage, or
combination of these - Functional Vulnerability, Causative Factors, Non-Engineered
 general classifications include: Factors
- natural hazard, quasi-natural, technological/human-made - Coping Capacity
Types of Hazard
- Atmospheric, Hydrologic, Geologic Exposure
Types of Hazard Impacts - presence of elements at risk or chance of being harmed from natural or man-made
1. Physical Impact hazard event (individuals, structures, etc.)
2. Psychological Impact
3. Socio-cultural Impact Exposure and Vulnerability
4. Economic Impact Exposure to hazard can make community vulnerable. But not all communities that
5. Environmental Impact are exposed to hazard can be considered vulnerable.
6. Biological Impact

Risk
 the combination of the probability of an event and its neg consequences
 lack of capacity with a situation Earthquake & Earthquake-Related Hazards
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- caused by a sudden slip on fault

a. Ground Shaking
- Disruptive up, down and sideways vibration of the ground during
an earthquake.
b. Ground Rupture
- Deformation on the ground that marks, the intersection of the fault
with the earth’s surface

c. Tsunami
- Series of waves caused commonly by an earthquake under the sea.
d. Liquefaction
- Phenomenon wherein sediments, especially near bodies of water,
behave like liquid similar to a quicksand.
e. Earthquake-induced Landslide
- Down slope movement of rocks, solid and other debris commonly
triggered by strong shaking.

Signs of Tsunami (tsunami is geologic)

- Feel an earthquake; strong shaking

- See ocean water disappear from beach, bay, river/withdraw. Rapid
lowering of sea level or noticeable rise and fall of coastal water.
- Hear an unusual roaring sound.

Volcanic Hazard

Volcanic Eruption – lava and gas are discharged from a volcanic vent

Volcanic-Related Hazard

1. Lava Flow
2. Ash Falls
3. Pyroclastic Flow
4. Lahar
5. Volcanic Gases
6. Earthquake
7. Ballistic projectiles
8. Tsunami