LEVEL 2 - P&P

TIME 1.15 Hrs

1. Which one of the following is the most reliable indication that well is flowing? 1 point
a. Increase in torque
b. Gas cut mud
c. Decrease in pump pressure
d. Increase in flow returns

2. Which of the following are positive warning signs of a kick while drilling? 3 point
(TWO ANSWERS)

a. Increase in flow rate with constant pump stroke rate

b. Decrease in pit volume
c. Increase in pit volume
d. Decrease in flow rate with constant pump stroke rate

3. Which factors can increase pressure surges while running in? 4 point
(FOUR ANSWERS)

a. Large annular clearance

b. Small annular clearance
c. High viscous mud
d. Running in at fast speed
e. Large size nozzles
f. Low viscous mud
g. Running in at slow speed
h. Balled up stabilizers

4. What action should a Driller take after observing a drilling break? 1 point

a. Reduce weight on bit

b. Increase pump speed
c. Flow check
d. Circulate bottom up

5. Gas cut mud may reduce the bottom hole pressure enough to cause a well kick, but
when is bottom hole pressure reduced most? 2 point
a. When the gas is about half way up the well bore
b. All are about the same
c. When the gas is at or near the bottom
d. When gas is near the surface

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6. How will bottom hole pressure be affected by gas cut mud while drilling? 1 point

a. There will be a large drop

b. There will be a small drop
c. There will be no change

7. If a shallow gas flow is detected, which of the following steps should be taken as the
flow is diverted?
1 point
a. Increase pump rate
b. Decrease pump rate
c. Maintain pump rate

8. When drilling TOP HOLE, formation strengths are comparatively weak and total losses
a common occurrence. How can the risk of total losses be minimized? 2 point
a. By keeping circulating rate low to reduce the pressure loss in the circulating system
b. By using a high overbalance
c. By keeping penetration rate under control to prevent loading of annulus with cuttings

9. Which of the following statements are good operating practices when drilling TOP
HOLE formations where there is a risk of shallow gas?
2 point
(TWO ANSWERS)

a. Drill a pilot hole at a slow controlled rate

b. Pump out of the hole on trips
c. Use a heavy density mud to create maximum overbalance
d. Use an oil based mud
e. Maintain high rate of penetration to ensure mud viscosity level is as high as possible

10. Which of the following are good practice when connection gas is observed? 2 point
(TWO ANSWERS)

a. Control drilling rate so that only one slug of connection gas is in hole at anyone time
b. Pump a low viscosity pill around bit to assist in reduction of balled bit or stabilisers
c. Raise the mud yield point
d. Minimise the time during a connection when the pumps are switched off
e. Pull out the hole to change the bit

11. Which parameters are required for an accurate formation strength? 3 point
(THREE ANSWERS)

a. Accurate pump stroke counter

b. Accurate pressure gauge
c. Exact mud density
d. Hydrostatic pressure in casing
e. Accurate hole capacity
f. Measured depth of casing

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 1 point
12. When should MAASP be recalculated?

a. At the beginning of each shift

b. Immediately before entering a pay zone
c. After changing the mud density
d. After each bit change

13. When should a leak-off test be carried out? 2 point

a. Immediately after running and cementing casing

b. Immediately before running casing
c. After drilling out the casing shoe and 5 to 15 feet of new formation
d. Immediately before drilling out casing shoe

14. What should be done when complete loss of return occurs while drilling? 1 point

a. Pump heavy mud in the annulus

b. Pump cement in to the annulus
c. Prepare to pump LCM immediately
d. Fill and top up the annulus with lighter fluid available ( e.g. water ) monitoring &
properly recording the volume filled in

15. While drilling, return flow-meter reading drops from 60% to 50%. What is the probable
cause? (Pump discharge has not been changed) 1 point
a. Gas cut mud in the system
b. Partial loss circulation has occurred
c. Problem in the flow-meter, it should be fixed

16. While pulling out the well starts flowing, what first action is to be taken? 1 point

a. Run back to bottom

b. Install FOSV, close it & shut the well
c. Connect kelly & circulate

17. Select the products commonly used to prevent the formation of hydrates? 2 point
(TWO ANSWERS)

a. Glycol
b. Carboxy Methyl Cellulose (CMC)
c. Water
d. Methanol

18. Which of the following conditions help in selecting kill rate? 2 point
(TWO ANSWERS)

a. Capacity of kill mud preparation

b. Trip tank volume
c. Volume handling capacity of the choke
d. Formation pressure

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19. Kill rate circulating pressures are taken at different pump rates. Which one of the
following should be used to determine the maximum pump rate to use to kill the well?

a. Mud/gas separator limits 1 point

b. Size of casing
c. Depth of casing shoe

20. When you would consider taking a slow circulating rate pressure? 2 point
(TWO ANSWERS)

a. Only after drilling out casing shoe

b. At beginning of each shift
c. Every time mud density is changed
d. Immediately after cementing

21. The following drill pipes are being stripped in to well with annular preventer closed

Drill pipe capacity 0.01776 bbls/ft

Drill pipe metal displacement 0.0087 bbls/ft
Length of one stand 90 ft

i). How much mud is to be bleed-off after stripping in pipe? 2 point

a. Equal to closed end volume of the pipe stripped in

b. Equal to the steel displacement of the pipe stripped in
c. Equal to the capacity of the pipe stripped in 2 point

ii). How much mud is to be filled in pipe after stripping 10 stands? bbl

22. Three stands of drill collars are pulled from the well (dry).
Drill collar capacity 0.0073 bbl/ft
Drill collar metal displacement 0.0370 bbl/ft
Stand length 91.8 ft

How many barrels of drilling mud should be pumped into the well? 2 point

a. 8.20 bbl
b. 12.23 bbl
c. 10.19 bbl

23 . Which of the following may be a warning of abnormal pressure at constant rotary

RPM, constant WOB and constant pump rate?
(THREE ANSWERS) 3 point

a. Reduced trip tank level

b. Increased connection gas in returns
c Variation of penetration rate
d Change of cuttings shape on the shakers
e. Increased trip tank level
f. Increase in pump pressure

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 1 point
24. Is the following statement true or false?
While circulating out a kick, gas volume in the annulus increases at the same rate in
oil and water based mud.

a. True b. False

25. The following statement describes one of the differences between drilling with oil
based mud and water based mud. Is it true or false?
Hydrocarbon gas is generally less soluble in water based mud than in oil based mud.

a. True b. False 1 point

26. The solubility of gas in oil based or water based mud can make a difference to the
shut in well data following a kick under identical conditions. Which of the following
statements is correct when using oil based mud?
(TWO ANSWERS) 2 point

a. The shut in Casing Pressure will be higher

b. There will be no difference in pit gain compared with water based drilling mud
c. There will be no difference in Shut in Casing Pressure compared with the
water based mud
d. The initial pit gain will be higher
e. The Shut in Casing Pressure will be lower
f. The initial pit gain will be lower

27. After pulling out 15 stands, it was found that the hole is not taking proper amount of
mud. What action must be taken?
2 point
a. Shut in the well
b. Run back to bottom
c. Pull out another 5 stand and flow check again
d. Flow check if negative run back to bottom and circulate out monitoring returns
e. Continue pulling out

28. Why is pressure build up in the mud/gas separator (poor boy degasser) dangerous
while circulating out a kick? 2 point
a. Pressure build up will increase the risk of lost circulation
b. Pressure build up may allow gas to be blown up the derrick vent line
c. Pressure build up may allow gas to enter the shale shaker area
d. Pressure build up will make choke adjustment difficult

29. A flowing well has been shut in. The drill pipe pressure is `0’ because there is a non-
return valve in the string. To determine the SIDPP, what action should be taken?
2 point
a. Bring the pump up to kill rate holding the casing pressure constant by opening the
choke. The pressure shown when the pump is at kill rate is SIDPP
b. Pump very slowly into the drill pipe with the well shut in. When the pumping pressure
stabilises the float has opened. This pump pressure is equal to SIDPP
c. Shearing the pipe and reading the SIDPP directly from the casing gauge

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30. While drilling, the pump speed is increased by 100%. After the pump speed is
increased what will be the new value of pump pressure?
1 point
a. 50% of old pressure
b. 100% of old pressure
c. 200% of old pressure
d. 400% of old pressure

31. Well Data:

Kill rate circulation pressure is 500 psi at 40 spm.

The well has been shut in after a kick on a surface BOP installation.
SIDPP 700 psi
SICP 1000 psi
Circulation is started with the original mud. While the pump is being brought up to 40
spm which pressure should be held constant to maintain the correct BHP.
2 point
a. 1200 psi at the drill pipe gauge
b. 1500 psi at the casing gauge
c. 700 psi at the drill pipe gauge
d. 1000 psi at the casing gauge

32. In a well of 9450 ft. depth 25 bbls of slug of 12.8 ppg was pumped, mud level in drill
string dropped by 358 ft. What will be the change in BHP if mud in use is 10.2 ppg &
drill string capacity is 0.0178 bbls/ft?
2 point
a. 0 psi
b. 142 psi
c. 113 psi

33 A well has been shut–in on a kick. Which pressure gauge readings are used to
determine formation pressure?
(TWO ANSWERS) 2 point

a. Drill pipe pressure gauge on the choke panel

b. Drill pipe pressure gauge on the Driller’s panel
c. Casing pressure gauge on the choke panel
d. BOP manifold pressure gauge

34 Over pull while tripping out is a stuck pipe warning sign. What well control problem
may be associated with over pull?
2 point
a. The presence of hydrocarbons
b. Swabbing
c. Surging
d. A flowing well

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 35. How should the choke manifold be set up for the hard shut in procedure while
drilling?
2 point
a. BOP side outlet hydraulic choke line valve open
Remote choke closed
Valve up stream mud gas separator closed
b. BOP side outlet hydraulic choke line valve closed
Remote choke open
Valve up stream mud gas separator open
c. BOP side outlet hydraulic choke line valve closed
Remote choke closed
Valve up stream mud gas separator open
d. BOP side outlet hydraulic choke line valve open
Remote choke open
Valve up stream mud gas separator closed

36. When drilling with a surface BOP installed, how should the stack and choke manifold
be set up for a soft shut-in?
(THREE ANSWERS)
3 point

a. BOP side outlet hydraulic choke line valve open

b. BOP side outlet hydraulic choke line valve closed
c. Open circuit from remote choke down to the mud gas separator
d. Remote choke open
e. Remote choke closed
f. One valve closed between remote choke and mud gas separator

37. The equivalent circulating density (ECD) determines the actual bottom hole pressure
while circulating. Which part of the system pressure losses contributes to the ECD?

a. The pressure loss in the drill string 2 point

b. The pressure loss over the nozzles
c. The pressure loss in the open hole section only
d. The pressure loss in the annulus
38. Is it true that shallow gas kicks are easier to handle than those taken after deep
drilling? 1 point
a. Yes
b. No
39. Which method removes the influx from the hole before pumping kill mud? 1 point
a. Wait and Weight method.
b. Driller’s Method.
40. A kill operation is ready to start. The Wait and Weight Method is to be used. The kill
mud is ready to be pumped. It takes 130 strokes to displace surface lines. What is the
correct procedure?
2 point
a. Re-zero stroke counter after 130 strokes are pumped
b. Subtract the 130 strokes from the surface to bit strokes and re-calculate the drill pipe
pressure schedule
c. Ignore the 130 strokes. It will not affect the drill pipe pressure schedule, and it may
give an added safety factor

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41. Why is it important to monitor pit volume during a well control operation?
(TWO ANSWERS) 2 point

a. To check for mud losses

b. To adjust pump rate
c. To follow the gas expansion
d. To adjust drill pipe pressure
e. To maintain bottom hole pressure constant

42 The Driller’s Method is used to kill a salt water kick. What will happen to the casing
pressure when the influx moves up the annulus? 2 point
a. Salt water kick will behave in the same way as a gas influx
b. Choke pressure will increase due to influx expansion
c. Choke pressure will only change due to change in annulus size
d. Choke pressure will gradually decrease as influx is circulated up to the well head

43. How the choke wash-out can be recognised while well killing? 2 point
a. Continuously opening choke to maintain correct circulating pressures
b. Rapid rise in casing pressure no change in drill pipe pressure
c. Continuously closing choke to maintain correct circulating pressures
d. Rapid rise in drill pipe pressure no change in casing pressure
e. The pressure loss in the surface system.

44. Which of the following well control problems requires the pump to be shut down
quickly to prevent over pressuring open hole formations?
2 point
a. A plugged bit nozzle
b. A pump liner washout
c. A washout in the drill pipe
d. A lost bit nozzle
e. A washout in the choke manifold
f. A plugged choke

45. During killing sudden loss in drill pipe pressure is observed. What action should be
taken?
2 point
a. Continue killing at same rate
b. Increase the pump rate
c. Close choke to compensate for pressure loss in drill pipe
d. Shut the well & investigate the problem of pressure loss

46. Which of the following parameters could be affected by a string washout during the
well killing operation?
(TWO ANSWERS) 2 point

a. Kick tolerance
b. Formation fracture pressure
c. BHP
d. Slow circulating rate pressure

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47. A kick is being circulated out at 40 spm. Drill pipe pressure reads 650 psi and casing
pressure 1050 psi. It is decided to slow the pumps to 30 spm while maintaining 1050
psi on the casing gauge. How will this affect bottom hole pressure?
(exclude any ECD effect) 1 point

a. Stay the same

b. Increase
c. Decrease
d. No way of telling

48. A well is being killed using the Driller’s method. During the first circulation, the drill
pipe pressure is kept constant at 450 psi and the pump speed at 30 spm. Halfway
through this first circulation, the operator on the choke observes a sudden increase in
drill pipe pressure. There is no significant change in choke pressure and the pump
speed is still 30 spm. What could have happen?
(TWO ANSWERS) 2 point
a. The choke has partly plugged
b. The bit nozzles have partly plugged
c. The kick is about to enter the choke
d. Pressure has built up in the mud/gas separator
e. A blockage in the standpipe manifold

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49.
WELL KICK DATA SHEET NO. 7

WELL DATA

Hole Size 12 ¼”

Hole Depth 12,900 feet MD 11,680 feet TVD

Casing 13 3/8 inch set at 4,100 feet TVD

Drill Pipe 5 inch, capacity 0.0177

Drill Collars 8 inch, 590 feet long, capacity 0.0077 bbl/ft

Mud Density 12 ppg

Capacities

Drill Collars in open hole 0.084 bbl/ft

Drill Pipe in open hole 0.12 bbl/ft

Drill Pipe in Casing 0.13 bbl/ft

Mud Pumps displacement 0.103 bbl/stroke

Slow Circulating Rate 670 psi at 30 spm

A leak off test was carried out at the 13 3/8 inch casing shoe using a mud density of
10.6 ppg. A surface pressure of 1380 psi was recorded

The well has been shut in after a kick

Kick Data:

SIDP 580 psi

SICP 740 psi
Pit Gain 19 bbl

The well will be killed using the Drillers method at 30 spm

Answer the following nine questions from the data above. The attached kill sheet may be
used to assist you with your calculations.

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Surface BOP ( Vertical Well ) Kill Sheet API Field Unit

Formation Strength Data: Current Well Data :

Surface Leak-off Pressure (A) psi

Mud Weight (B) ppg Mud data:

Maximum Allowable Mud Weight Mud

(A) Weight ppg
(B) +
Shoe True Vertical Depth x 0.052

( C) ppg Casing Shoe Data:

Initial MAASP Size in.
{(C) –Current Mud Weight} x Shoe TVD x 0.052
= psi M.D. ft.

ft.
T.V.D.
Pump No.1 Pump No.2
Displacement Displacement Hole Data:
bbls /stroke bbls / stroke
Slow Dynamic Pressure Loss ( PL) Size in.
Pump Pump No. 1 Pump No. 2
Rate Data M.D. ft.

Spm T.V.D. ft.

Spm

Pre-Volume Data: Length Capacity Volume Pump Strokes Time

Ft. Bbls/ft. Bbls minutes
Drill Pipe x =
Volume Pump
Strokes
Heavy Wall Drill Pipe x = Pump
Displacement Slow Pump
Drill Collars x = Rate

Drill String Volume (D) bbl (E) stks min

DC x Open Hole x =

DP/HWDP x Open Hole x =

Open Hole Volume (F) bbl stks min

DP x Casing x = (G) bbl stks min

Total Annulus Volume (F +G) = (H) bbl stks min

Total Well System Volume (D+H) = ( I ) bbl stks min

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Kick Data
SIDPP psi SICP psi Pit Gain bbls

Kill Mud Weight SIDPP

Current Mud Weight + ----------------- = ppg
TVD X 0.052
KMW

Kill Mud Gradient SIDPP

Current Mud Gradient + ----------------- = psi
TVD
KMG

Initial Circulating
Pressure Dynamic Pressure Loss + SIDPP = psi
ICP

Final Circulating Kill Mud Weight

Pressure ------------------------- x Dynamic Pressure Loss = psi
Current Mud Weight
FCP

Final Circulating Kill Mud Gradient

Pressure ------------------------- x Dynamic Pressure Loss = psi
Current Mud Gradient
FCP

( K ) = ICP – FCP psi ( K ) x 100

------------------ = psi / 100 strokes
( E)

Strokes Pressure Static & Dynamic

Drill Pipe Pr.( psi)

P
r
e
s
s
u
r
e

Strokes

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 2 point
A. What is the kill mud density?

A. ____________ ppg.

B. How many strokes are required to pump kill mud from surface to bit? 2 point

A. ____________ strokes.

C. How many strokes are required to pump from the bit to casing shoe? 2 point

A. ____________ strokes.

2 point
D. What is the total annular volume?

A. ____________ bbl.

E. How many strokes are required to pump from the bit to Surface? 2 point

A. ____________ strokes.

F. What is the time for one complete circulation? 2 point

A. ____________ min.

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