Power System Protection Lab.

Manual
Name: Awais Afzal DEPARTMENT OF ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING
Reg. no: 2015-EE-531 RACHNA COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY

EXPERIMENT # 11

Protection Co-ordination for Parallel Feeder by Using Directional

Relay
Objective:

At the end of this lab I will be able to

 Draw Parallel Feeder Diagram of the power system in ETAP and load flow
analysis of that circuit.
 Setting of current transformer, potential transformer, Relay and contactor according
to load flow analysis.
 Set the relay pickups and co-ordination time of relays for appropriate operation.
 Perform Short Circuit Analysis of parallel in ETAP and Observation of relay
tripping for different kind of faults.

Introduction:

The ability of the protective equipment is to minimize damage when failures occur. To have a
minimum disturbance and clearance of fault in power system, it is important to determine the
location of the fault and the distance where the fault has occurred. This enhances quick and
reliable operation of power protection of the devices. The fault circumstances must be
analysed for the adequate and systematic protection. In case of any short circuit or any kind
of electrical faults, it is required that any of the protective devices should not be damaged
without taking down the whole system. It is therefore necessary to coordinate among
different protective
devices.

Part(A)
For single load parallel feeder

Circuit Diagram:
Load Flow Analysis

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Power System Protection
Name: Awais Afzal
Reg. no: 2015-EE-531
Calculations for relay settings
Relay 5 (load end relay)
INORMAL=29.5 A
CT Ratio = 50:1
IPICK-UP py=29.5/2=14.75 A
IPICK-UP sy=14.5/50=0.295 A
Time Dial Setting =0.01
Directional Relay Mode = Reverse
Max Torque Angle 45
Relay 4 (upper line directional relay)
INORMAL=14.7 A
CT Ratio = 50:1
IPICK-UP py=14.7/2=7.35 A
IPICK-UP sy=7.35/50=0.295 A
Time Dial Setting =0. 5
Directional Relay Mode = Reverse
Max Torque Angle 45
Relay 1(lower line relay)
INORMAL=45.7 A
IMAX=45.7*1.2 A=54.84A
CT Ratio = 100:1
Lab. Manual
DEPARTMENT OF ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING
RACHNA COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY
Relay 3 (lower line directional relay)
INORMAL=14.7 A
CT Ratio = 50:1
IPICK-UP py=14.7/2=7.35 A
IPICK-UP sy=7.35/50=0.295 A
Time Dial Setting =0. 5
Directional Relay Mode = Reverse
Max Torque Angle 45
Relay 2(upper line relay)
INORMAL=45.7 A
IMAX=45.7*1.2 A=54.84A
CT Ratio = 100:1
IPICK-UP py= IMAX *2=109.68 A
IPICK-UP sy=7.35/50= 1.0968A
Time Dial Setting =1
IPICK-UP py= IMAX *2=109.68 A
IPICK-UP sy=7.35/50= 1.0968A
Time Dial Setting =1
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Power System Protection Lab. Manual
Name: Awais Afzal DEPARTMENT OF ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING
Reg. no: 2015-EE-531 RACHNA COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY
Fault at Load End

Result:

When fault is inserted at load end then contactor 2 is operated in 47072 ms and 1 is operated
in 47072ms.

Fault at Bus 4

Result:

When fault is inserted at bus 4 relay 5 treat this fault as directional and relay 1 and 2 act as a
back up relay.

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Power System Protection Lab. Manual
Name: Awais Afzal DEPARTMENT OF ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING
Reg. no: 2015-EE-531 RACHNA COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY
Fault at Bus 2

Result:

When fault is inserted at bus 2 relay 5 and 4 treat this fault as directional and relay 2 act as a
back up relay for this fault.

Fault at Bus 3

Result:

When fault is inserted at bus 3 relay 5 and 3 treat this fault as directional and relay 2 act as a
back up relay for this fault.

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Power System Protection Lab. Manual
Name: Awais Afzal DEPARTMENT OF ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING
Reg. no: 2015-EE-531 RACHNA COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY
Fault at Bus 1

Result:

When fault is inserted at bus 3 relay 5,4 and 3 treat this fault as directional and all these relay
trips the their according contactors.

Part(B)
For multiple loads parallel feeder

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Power System Protection Lab. Manual
Name: Awais Afzal DEPARTMENT OF ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING
Reg. no: 2015-EE-531 RACHNA COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY

Load Flow Analysis

Fault at Load End

Result:

When fault is inserted at load end relay 3 treat this fault as directional and 1 and 2 treat it
overvoltage fault all these relay trips the their according contactors.

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Power System Protection Lab. Manual
Name: Awais Afzal DEPARTMENT OF ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING
Reg. no: 2015-EE-531 RACHNA COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY

Fault at Bus 2

Result:

When fault is inserted at bus 2 relay 5,4 and 3 treat this fault as directional and all these relay
trips the their according contactors.

Learning Outcomes
By performing this lab, I am able

 To draw circuit of Parallel feeder on ETAP and load flow analysis of that circuit.
 Calculate the CT ratio and relay’s pick-up value.
 Directional Relay setting like direction, MTA and polarization.
 Setting of CT, Relay and Circuit breaker on ETAP Software.
 Co-ordination of different relays for back-up protection.
 Draw the operating curve of different Relays.

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