Tables for Exercises

Table 2.
Distribution of Students by Profile

Profile f %
Age
13 years old and below 56 86
14 years old and above 9 14
Mean Age = 13.14

Sex
Male 27 42
Female 38 58

Parent’s Educational Attainment

Elementary 15 23
Secondary 14 22
College 30 46
Masters 6 9
Mean years = 11.56- or Second-Year College

Monthly Family Income

Below Poverty Threshold (P6,000 and below) 30 46
Poverty Threshold (P6,001 – P12,000) 20 31
Average Income (P12,001 – P18,000) 8 12
Above Average Income (P18,001 and above) 7 11
Mean Family Income = P9,323.40

Quantity of Different Reading Materials Available at Home

Atlas 12 19
Magazines 10 15
Manuals/Brochures 8 12
Textbooks 30 46
Academic Journals 5 8

Level of Reading Materials for General

Reference
General Works 4 6
Philosophy 3 5
Religion 3 5
Social Science 4 6
Language 18 28
Pure Science 12 19
Applied Science 2 3
Fine Arts 9 14
Literature 5 8
History 5 8

Weighted Average of Previous Grade Level

 Fairly Satisfactory 1 2
Satisfactory 17 26
Very Satisfactory 28 43
Outstanding 19 29

Preferred Learning Modality During the

Pandemic
Modular Print 24 37
Online 5 8
Blended 36 55

Use of Mother Tongue

Classroom Interaction 25 39
Communicating with Teachers/Friends 40 61

Total 65 100

Table 2.

Distribution of Parents by Profile

F %
Age
below 26 years old 5 5
26 to 35 years old 40 43
36 to 45 years old 41 45
46 years old and above 6 7
Age Mean: 35.75 92
Marital Status
Single/Widow 46 50
Married 46 50
Total 92
Educational Attainment
Elementary level 6 7
Secondary level 38 41
College level 48 52
Total 92
Mean years in school 10.13 4th yr HS to 1st yr college
Employment Status
Unemployed 53 58
Employed 35 38
Self-employed 4 4
Total 92
Family Monthly Income
 Below 6,000 (below poverty threshold) 16 17
6,001 to 12,000 (poverty threshold) 40 43
12,001 to 18,000 (average income) 30 33
Above 18,000 (above average income) 6 7
Mean of Family Monthly Income: 11,022.18
Total 92 100

Table 4

Extent of Parents’ Involvement in the Literacy Activities of their Pupils

Verbal
Mean Rank SD
Interpretation of
the Mean
Home Literacy Activities
Grand Mean Great
3.28
Involvement
I read with my child. 3.42 2 .53 Great involvement
We talk about pictures in the book. 3.39 5.5 .51 Great involvement
I encourage my child to retell the story we read. 3.34 8 .52 Great involvement
I assist my child in doing school assignments 3.39 5.5 .55 Great involvement
I play language games with my child. 2.85 9 .74 Great involvement
We color pictures and draw together. 3.36 7 .65 Great involvement
I have my child help me look at pictures of
2.78 10 .69 Great involvement
recipes.
I introduce writing lines, letters and numbers to
3.41 3 .61 Great involvement
my child.
I sing nursery songs and rhymes with my child 3.40 4 .55 Great involvement
I introduce the alphabet to my child. Greater
3.50 1 .52
involvement
School Activities
Grand Mean Great
3.36
Involvement
I participate in the program when invited by the Greater
3.53 1 .52
school. involvement
I attend regular progress meetings with teachers Greater
3.52 2 .54
like issuance of report card. involvement
I initiate meetings with other parents for an
3.22 8 .66 Great involvement
activity.
I attend parents’ day or celebrations. 3.35 6 .63 Great involvement
I do volunteer work for the school or clean-up
3.20 9 .65 Great involvement
drive.
I initiate small talk with teachers about the
3.42 5 .63 Great involvement
progress of the child in the school.
 I accompany my child in school activities. 3.46 4 .61 Great involvement
I watch the programs participated by my child. 3.48 3 .63 Great involvement
I schedule visitation with the class adviser of
3.11 10 .70 Great involvement
my child.
I regularly attend parents’ meetings scheduled
3.27 7 .68 Great involvement
by school.

Provision of Literacy Materials

Grand Mean Great
2.94
involvement
I see to it that my child watch educational
3.40 1 .51 Great involvement
shows.
I give books to my child as present. 2.76 7 .78 Great involvement
I allow my child to watch educational shows in
3.30 2 .62 Great involvement
YouTube.
I buy a computer/laptop/tablet/phone for child’s
2.73 9 .91 Great involvement
use.
I purchase encyclopedias and other reference
2.65 10 .89 Great involvement
books.
I bring my child to visit the library. 2.75 9 .84 Great involvement
I buy kids magazines and comics. 2.82 5 .90 Great involvement
I see to it that the books are put in the place
2.97 4 .94 Great involvement
where it could be seen right away.
I see to it that my child has varied reading
3.27 3 .64 Great involvement
materials
I purchase educational tapes and videos for my
2.80 6 .91 Great involvement
child.
Average time per week for literacy activities
2.34 .64
at home
1.00 – 1.49 – No involvement 2.50 – 3.49 – Great involvement
1.50 – 2.49 – Less Involvement 3.50 – 4.00 – Greater involvement

Table 2
Level of Reading Skills of the Students

Pre-Test Post Test

Verba
Mean Mean Verbal
Rank SD l Rank SD
Score Score Int.
Int.
1. Understanding the 1.73 9 1.17 L 2.44 5 1.25 L
Words
2. Finding Facts and Details 3.81 1 1.17 VH 3.86 1 1.08 VH
3. Finding Main Idea 2.52 4 1.21 H 2.69 4 1.07 H
4. Making Inferences 1.75 8 1.23 L 2.07 10 1.16 L
5. Figuring Out the 2.13 5 1.08 L 2.35 6 1.11 L
Sequence
6. Finding Cause and Effect 3.03 2 1.39 H 3.09 2 1.23 H
7. Generalizing 1.63 10 1.09 L 2.03 11 1.08 L
8. Identifying Mood/Tone 1.86 7 1.14 L 2.16 8 1.06 L
9. Identifying Theme 2.00 6 1.22 L 2.32 7 1.10 L
10. Identifying 1.10 12 1.32 VL 1.63 12 1.39 L
Characterization
11. Distinguishing Fact from 2.95 3 1.29 H 2.95 3 1.30 H
Fiction
12. Finding Bias or 1.58 11 .99 L 2.15 9 1.18 L
Propaganda
0.00 – 1.25 1.26 – 2.50 2.51 – 3.75 3.76 – 5.00
Very Low (VL) Low (L) High (H) Very High (VH)

Table 5

Level of Reading Ability of the Pupils

Percentage
Mean Level of Reading
of
Score Ability
Accuracy
Reading Fluency 30.97 99.90% Independent
Mga Tunog 3.00 100% Independent
Mga Kunla 5.99 99.83% Independent
Mga Tinaga 3.98 99.50% Independent
Mga Tipon 6.00 100% Independent
Fluency Triangle 8.00 100% Independent
Mga Pahayag 4.00 100% Independent
Phonemic Awareness 14.98 99.87% Independent
Blend Sounds 4.98 99.60% Independent
Sound Each 5.00 100% Independent
First Sound 5.00 100% Independent
Print Awareness 11.85 79% Instructional
Look at the picture and name each object 6.96 69.60% Frustration
Read and draw a line 4.89 97.80% Independent
Writing 10.92 72.80% Frustration
Trace the letter 9.67 96.70% Independent
Rewrite the sentence 1.25 25% Frustration
Table 6

Difference in the Extent of Parental Involvement in the Literacy Activities of the Pupils when they are grouped
according to their age, marital status, educational attainment, employment status, and monthly family income

Average time per

Home Literacy Provision of
School Activities week for literacy
Activities Literacy Materials
activities at home
Statisti Statisti Statisti Statisti
x c
p x c
p x c
p x c
p
Age
Below 25 3.04 .92 .43 3.08 1.92 .13 2.56 1.54 .20 2.20 .61 .60
36 – 35 3.24 3.28 2.93 2.30
36 – 45 3.35 3.47 3.06 2.36
46 & above 3.28 3.31 2.61 2.00
Marital Status
Single/ .00 .00 .00 .00
3.07 -4.98 3.21 -.3.08 2.64 -5.04 2.31 -2.68
Widow * * * *
Married 3.49 3.50 3.25 2.47
Educational Attainment
.00 .00 .00 .00
Elementary 2.95 12.78 3.18 8.86 2.11 46.71 1.50 9.52
* * * *
Secondary 3.08 3.16 2.61 2.18
College 3.48 3.54 3.32 2.50
Employment Status
.00 .00 .00 .00
Unemployed 3.01 43.58 3.15 18.36 2.58 46.71 2.07 9.52
* * * *
Employed 3.67 3.66 3.54 2.62
Self-
3.45 3.47 2.62 2.50
Employed
Monthly Family Income
Below .00 .00 .00 .01
3.06 15.61 3.13 10.47 2.39 26.28 2.00 3.70
Poverty * * * *
Poverty 3.10 3.20 2.69 2.22
Average 3.52 3.57 3.41 2.46
Above
3.93 3.95 3.81 2.83
Average
*Significant at 0.05

Table 4.
Level of Academic Performance of the Students

f % Mean Grade SD
Grand Mean 86.74

Satisfactory (80 – 84) 18 27.69 82.11 1.81

Very Satisfactory (85-89) 28 43.08 86.82 1.33
Outstanding (90 – 100) 19 29.23 91.00 1.24

Total 65 100
Table 9.

Relationship between the parent’s extent of involvement and the pupil’s reading ability

Parent’s Extent of Involvement

Pearson Correlation -.097
Sig (2-tailed .360
Reading Fluency
N 92
No Significant Relationship
Pearson Correlation -.097
Sig (2-tailed) .360
Phonemic Awareness
N 92
No Significant Relationship
Pearson Correlation .034
Sig (2-tailed) .748
Print Awareness
N 92
No Significant Relationship
Pearson Correlation .041
Sig (2-tailed) .695
Writing N 92
No Significant Relationship

Table 5a.
Difference on the Students’ Level of Reading Skills when grouped according to their Age
Pre-test Post-test
Age Mean Mean
U sig U sig
Rank Rank
1. Understanding 13 yrs. old 32.88 245.5 .898 33.47 225.5 .603
the Words 14 yrs. old 33.72 30.06
2. Finding Facts and 13 yrs. old 32.18 206 .360 32.07 200 .301
Details 14 yrs. old 38.11 38.78
3. Finding Main 13 yrs. old 31.64 176 .137 31.11 146 .036*
Idea 14 yrs. old 41.44 44.78
4. Making 13 yrs. old 30.20 95 .002* 30.39 106 .004*
Inferences 14 yrs. old 50.44 49.22
5. Figuring Out the 13 yrs. old 31.94 192.5 .239 32.05 199 .294
Sequence 14 yrs. old 39.61 38.89
6. Finding Cause 13 yrs. old 33.19 241.5 .838 32.97 250 .977
and Effect 14 yrs. old 31.83 33.17
13 yrs. old 32.29 212 .432 31.99 195.5 .265
7. Generalizing
14 yrs. old 37.44 39.28
8. Identifying 13 yrs. old 31.01 140.5 .028* 31.22 152.5 .050
Mood/Tone 14 yrs. old 45.39 44.06
9. Identifying 13 yrs. old 32.35 215.5 .473 31.91 191 .223
Theme 14 yrs. old 37.06 39.78
10. Identifying 13 yrs. old 31.05 143 .028* 31.13 147.5 .042*
Characterization 14 yrs. old 45.11 44.61
11. Distinguishing 13 yrs. old 33.10 246.5 .914 32.60 229.5 .659
Fact from Fiction 14 yrs. old 32.39 35.50
12. Finding Bias/ 13 yrs. old 31.73 181 .159 31.52 169 .103
Propaganda 14 yrs. old 40.89 42.22