Pak-Austria Fachhochschule Institute of Applied

Sciences and Technology, Haripur, Pakistan

DEPARTMENT OF ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING

Lab Report

Submitted by:
Name: Muhammad Awab Ahsan

Department: Electrical Engineering

Registration No: B20F0242EE016

Semester: 8th

Lab No : 4

Subject:
Wireless & Mobile Communication

Submitted to:

Engr Khurram Khan

__________________

Instructor signature
Title: Okumura Hatta Model
Description:
1) Okumura-Hata Model:
The Hata Model for Urban Areas (also known as the Okumura-Hata model), is
a widely used propagation model for predicting path loss in urban areas. This
model takes into account the effects of diffraction, reflection and scattering
caused by city structures.
Mid sized city
Matlab Code:
%middle sized city
frequency = 900e6; % Frequency in Hz
distance = 100:100:1000; % Distance between transmitter and receiver in meters
% Okumura-Hata Model
A = 69.55; % Model parameter
B = 26.16; % Model parameter
C = 13.82; % Model parameter
D = 44.9; % Model parameter
X = 6.55; % Model parameter
hr = 5; % Base station height in meters
ht = 100; % Base station height in meters
% Calculate path loss using Okumura-Hata model
PL_okumura_hata = A + B * log10(frequency) - C * log10(ht) + (D - X *
log10(ht))*log10(distance) - ((1.1*log10(frequency) - 0.7)*hr -
(1.56*log10(frequency) - 0.8 ));%medium sized
% Plotting
figure;
plot(distance, PL_okumura_hata, 'r--', 'LineWidth', 2);
xlabel('Distance (m)');
ylabel('Received Power/Path Loss (dB)');
legend('Okumura-Hata Model');
title('Wireless Communication System Modeling');
grid on;

Output:
 Large city
Matlab Code:
%Large city
frequency = 200e6; % Frequency in Hz
frequency1 = 900e6; % Frequency in Hz
distance = 100:100:1000; % Distance between transmitter and receiver in meters
% Okumura-Hata Model
A = 69.55; % Model parameter
B = 26.16; % Model parameter
C = 13.82; % Model parameter
D = 44.9; % Model parameter
X = 6.55; % Model parameter
hr = 5; % Base station height in meters
ht = 100; % Base station height in meters
% Calculate path loss using Okumura-Hata model
PL_okumura_hata = A + B * log10(frequency) - C * log10(ht) + (D - X *
log10(ht))*log10(distance) - (8.29*(log10(1.54*hr))^2 - 1.10);%large city less
than equal to 300MHZ
PL_okumura_hata1 = A + B * log10(frequency1) - C * log10(ht) + (D - X *
log10(ht))*log10(distance) - (3.20*(log10(11.75*hr))^2 - 4.97);%large city greater
than equal to 300MHZ
% Plotting
figure;
plot(distance, PL_okumura_hata, 'r--', 'LineWidth', 2);
xlabel('Distance (m)');
ylabel('Received Power/Path Loss (dB)');
legend('Okumura-Hata Model');
title('Wireless Communication System Modeling');
grid on;
hold on;
plot(distance, PL_okumura_hata1, 'r--', 'LineWidth', 2);
xlabel('Distance (m)');
ylabel('Received Power/Path Loss (dB)');
legend('Okumura-Hata Model');
title('Wireless Communication System Modeling');
grid on;

Output:
 Suburban
Matlab Code:
%Suburban
frequency = 900e6; % Frequency in Hz
distance = 100:100:1000; % Distance between transmitter and receiver in meters
% Okumura-Hata Model
A = 69.55; % Model parameter
B = 26.16; % Model parameter
C = 13.82; % Model parameter
D = 44.9; % Model parameter
X = 6.55; % Model parameter
hr = 5; % Base station height in meters
ht = 100; % Base station height in meters
% Calculate path loss using Okumura-Hata model
PL_okumura_hata = A + B * log10(frequency) - C * log10(ht) + (D - X *
log10(ht))*log10(distance) - ((1.1*log10(frequency) - 0.7)*hr -
(1.56*log10(frequency) - 0.8 ));%medium sized
PL_okumura_hata = PL_okumura_hata - 2*(log10(frequency/28))^2-5.4 ;%suburban area
% Plotting
figure;
plot(distance, PL_okumura_hata, 'r--', 'LineWidth', 2);
xlabel('Distance (m)');
ylabel('Received Power/Path Loss (dB)');
legend('Okumura-Hata Model');
title('Wireless Communication System Modeling');
grid on;

Output:
 Rural Area
Matlab Code:
%Rural
frequency = 900e6; % Frequency in Hz
%150MHZ - 1500MHZ
distance = 100:100:1000; % Distance between transmitter and receiver in meters
% Okumura-Hata Model
A = 69.55; % Model parameter
B = 26.16; % Model parameter
C = 13.82; % Model parameter
D = 44.9; % Model parameter
X = 6.55; % Model parameter
hr = 5; % Base station height in meters
ht = 100; % Base station height in meters
% Calculate path loss using Okumura-Hata model
PL_okumura_hata = A + B * log10(frequency) - C * log10(ht) + (D - X *
log10(ht))*log10(distance) - ((1.1*log10(frequency) - 0.7)*hr -
(1.56*log10(frequency) - 0.8 ));%medium sized
PL_okumura_hata = PL_okumura_hata - 4.78*(log10(frequency))^2 -
18.33*log10(frequency) -40.94 ;%Rural area
% Plotting
figure;
plot(distance, PL_okumura_hata, 'r--', 'LineWidth', 2);
xlabel('Distance (m)');
ylabel('Received Power/Path Loss (dB)');
legend('Okumura-Hata Model');
title('Wireless Communication System Modeling');
grid on;
Output:
Discussion:
From all these results we can find the relationship of power loss which is a as follows: Highest
power loss is in large city( higher at higher frequency and lower at low frequency), second
highest in mid-sized city, third highest in suburban and least in rural areas.
Conclusion:
In this lab, we utilized MATLAB to model Okumura Hata model. By plotting graphs with
respect to distance and for various terrain conditions, we gained insights into signal propagation
characteristics. Our observations revealed the expected increase in power loss at large cities
and less power loss in rural areas. Furthermore, we noted that higher frequencies incurred more
significant attenuation, particularly in urban environments. Overall, this hands-on exploration
underscored the importance of channel modelling and parameter optimization in designing
efficient wireless communication systems.

THE END