Responding to the Global

Food Crisis

BMZ-CGIAR Webinar
Addressing the Global Food Security Crisis:
Strengthening Research and Policy Responses
25 July 2022
The world was not on track to eliminate hunger and
become more sustainable

Global undernourishment Food systems

18 850
810.7 (numbers and %)
16
768.0
800 • 33% of GHG emissions
750
• 9% related to FLW
14 700
12.4 650
12 650.3
606.9 600 Food production :
9.9
10 550 • 14% lost at farm and
8.3 8.4 500 midstream level
8
450
• 17% wasted at retail and
6 400 consumer level
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012
2013
2014
2015
2016
2017
2018
2019
2020

Prevalence of undernourishment (%)

Number of people undernourished (millions) 1
Source: FAO 2020; IFPRI 2021
Triple burden of malnutrition
Coexistence of undernutrition, micronutrient deficiencies,
and overweight and obesity

Countries with both undernutrition and overweight, 2010

• 3 billion people cannot afford

a healthy diet

• 2 billion people have

micronutrient deficiencies

• 2 billion people are

overweight or obese

• A third of LMI countries face

undernutrition and obesity
Source: Popkin et al. 2020 Source: Ruel 2019, Leroy 2019, Van Wesenbeeck et al. 2018
2
COVID-19 impacts on global poverty and nutrition

Impact on Global POVERTY Impact on Global NUTRITION

160 149.7 30%

140 27%
Change number of poor (millions)

25%

Percentage change poor (%)

120
20% 20%
100

80 15% 72.5 15%

60 50.5
10%
40
5%
20

0 0%
World Sub-Saharan South Asia
Africa
Change in No. of Poor (millions) Change in %

Source: Laborde, Martin and Vos, 2020 3

Regional differences in food security
70
Millions of people facing severe and moderate food insecurity by region
60

50

33.7
40
32 32.3
31.1
29.6
30
26.7

20 18.5 22.3 22 21.9

16.3 16.5 15.7
17.2
14.3 15.3 13.6 13.7
25.9 11.5 12
10 21.9
17.7 19.8 20.6
14.2 7.9 7.5 7.4
8.3 8.3 9.6 10.1 11.9 7.7 8.6 9 10.2 7.7 9 9.6 10.1 6.6 6.6
6.9
0 1.4 1.3 1 1 1.4
2014

2016

2018

2019

2020

2014

2016

2018

2019

2020

2014

2016

2018

2019

2020

2014

2016

2018

2019

2020

2014

2016

2018

2019

2020
World Africa Asia Latin American and the Northern America and
Caribbean Europe
Source: FAO Severe food insecurity Moderate food insecurity 4
 Conflict and Food Security

Prevalence and number of undernourished worldwide Forcibly displaced people worldwide

18 850
810.7
768.0 800
16
750

14 700
12.4 650
12 650.3
606.9 600
9.9
10 550

8.3 8.4 500

8
450

6 400
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012
2013
2014
2015
2016
2017
2018
2019
2020
Prevalence of undernourishment (%)
Number of people undernourished (millions)
Source: FAO 2020 Source: UNHCR 2019, 2020 5
CCC (Conflict, Climate, Covid) and Food Crises

Around 134 million people across 53 countries Conflict was the primary driver of food crises in
experienced a food crisis or worse (IPC/CH Phase 2021 even accounting for economic effects of
3 or above) in 2021 COVID-19

However, the causes of food crisis are often

closely interlinked
Source: Global Report on Food Crisis 2021, FSIN, GRFC May 2022 6
Ukraine-Russia war immediate food impact
Prices were high and stock low prior to invasion

7
 Longer term food security effects
Access to inputs and the next harvest

8
https://www.ifpri.org/blog/high-fertilizer-prices-contribute-rising-global-food-security-concerns
High prices may be more challenging this time
Price shocks “the new normal”?
Food, fuel & fertilizer prices compared with GDP Growth (%) • Hunger and
malnutrition were
on the rise

• The poor are still

recovering from
COVID crisis

• Cash strapped
governments have
little room to
maneuver

• Fertilizer shortages
have dynamic effects
9
Source: Headey and Hirvonen IFPRI Blog March, 2022
Key implications and the CGIAR’s unique position to lead
the international research response
This is a culmination of several crises and it is truly
global
o A global crisis requires global solutions /
approach
o A systems crisis requires a systems solutions /
approach
o A crisis with short/medium/long term
components requires short/medium/long term
solutions/approach
The crises reinforce the transformation and
resilience agenda and the need to invest structurally
in global solutions. • CGIAR is proposing 7 innovation areas
• CGIAR’s 2030 Research and Innovation
Strategy, approved in December 2020,
responds to precisely this need for a systems
transformation approach.
• CGIAR’s new 2022—24 portfolio of
Initiatives is based on the 2030 Strategy and
represent a strong contribution to what is
required in the near-, medium-, and long-
term, and a solid foundation for accelerated
and enhanced action.
• CGIAR is providing critical analyses in the
short run
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Ukraine War and Global Food Crisis
CGIAR has been on the forefront of analysis

Over 200 media mention our work

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Maximizing CGIAR’s impact as part of the global response:
7 innovation areas - Summary
In addition to the full and accelerated
implementation of CGIAR’s 2030 Strategy and
portfolio of Initiatives, underpinned by the
One CGIAR transition, CGIAR stands ready to
step up its contributions over the 2022—24
period, working closely with partners in 7
innovation areas:
1. Real-time monitoring and early warning
2. Policy analysis and advice
3. Food security in fragile systems
4. Faster dissemination of improved varieties into the seed
systems that serve those most at risk
5. Crisis-responsive crop, livestock, and aquatic food
systems management
6. Soil fertility solutions for resilience to fertilizer price and
supply shocks
7. Strengthen national agricultural research and innovation
systems

CGIAR’s Regional Integrated Initiatives will play a key role in ensuring that CGIAR’s research
and innovation packages are relevant and responsive to rapidly evolving regional, national,
and local priorities, and scaled in collaboration with local partners

The innovation areas are intended to capture targeted ways to quickly deploy additional, complementary
CGIAR support to address key aspects of the global food crisis, with impacts over the near, medium, and
long term. (See also operational modalities below.)
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1. Real-time monitoring and early-warning

Real-time country-level analyses of impacts with an array of

cutting-edge tools:
o Excessive Food Price Volatility Early Warning System
o Staple Food Stock-Use Monitoring System
o Food and Fertilizer Export Restrictions Tracker
o Vulnerability Dashboard
o Fertilizer Market Dashboard

What more is needed:

o Scaling up of tools to track market shocks, including food prices and input prices
o Tools to estimate and forecast food production at granular geographic precision
using remote sensing technology
o Tracking of stocks held by governments and private sector of commodities and
inputs
o Early-warning systems using predictive models and capacity for integrated data
collection, communicate the results through a user-friendly dashboard
o Disaggregated measurements, eg to identify gender effects
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 1. Real-time monitoring and early-warning
2022 Country Vulnerability Index

Composite Index
- Exposure to Black Sea supply
- Food import dependency
- Macroeconomic vulnerability
- Fertilizer import dependency
- Local food market dynamics

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2. Policy Analysis and Advice

What we are doing: What more is needed:

o Market and policy analysis, using  A food crisis unit that can directly meet
existing models at global and country government and funder demands for
level research and policy analysis
o Released policy recommendations,  Expansion of global and country
blogs, news articles, and hosted modeling infrastructure to assess
policy seminars impacts of shocks and policies on food
security
o Guide stakeholders on actions to
address and mitigate impacts to food  Acceleration of regional initiatives to build
and nutrition security in-country capacity for data collection
and policy analysis
o Advise governments and
international organizations. E.g.  Support coalitions of governments and
UN Global Crisis Response Group, other stakeholders to generate support for
High-Level Panel of Experts of the building resilience to shocks
UN Committee on World Food
Security, …  Expand gender and inclusion
measurements
 Expansion of work on repurposing
agricultural subsidies for crisis response
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2. Policy Analysis and Advice
Analyzing trade policy and price impacts
Impact of world price changes on prevalence of
undernourishment (%-point)
Food prices Fuel prices Fertilizer prices

Bangladesh 2.8%

Cambodia 1.3%

DRC 0.6%

Ethiopia 2.8%

Ghana 0.2%

Kenya 2.0%

Mali 1.4%

Malawi 2.0%

Niger 0.4%

Nigeria 0.9%

Nepal 4.0%

Rwanda 4.3%

Senegal 2.3%

Tanzania 1.9%

Uganda 0.8%

Zambia 1.0%

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Informing policy makers and the public about food security
implications of Ukraine conflict

Policy seminars about

food/fertilizer price trends and
implications for food security

Thousands of global live

attendants at special events
since the start of the conflict

Blogs and editorials about the Ukraine conflict

and food policy recommendations

IFPRI blog series has 25+ blogs and growing

Viewed/downloaded over 60,000 times
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3. Food Security in Fragile Systems

1.5 billion people living in fragile and conflict-affected

states (FCASs) are facing rising food prices, hunger, and
livelihood challenges

Monitoring and analysis/evidence to support to EWEA

ANTICIPATE initiatives

Generate evidence supporting effective policies and

BRIDGE programming to address conflict and displacement

Create evidence base on policy approaches to improve

STABILIZE resilience, food security, and social cohesion while
supporting women’s empowerment

Set of scalable innovations to address critical challenges

ACCELERATE affecting FLWSs
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4. Faster dissemination of improved varieties into the seed
systems that serve those most at risk
Actions we are taking and planning
• Market Intelligence
• Accelerating Breeding
• Seed Equal - delivering improved
varieties for adoption by smallholder
farmers
Associated place-based work
e.g. Seeds for Needs program in Ethiopia
e.g. Cereal Systems Initiative for South
Asia (CSISA):
• Increasing the adoption of resource-
conserving and climate-resilient
technologies
• Improving access to market information
and enterprise development
What more is needed
Immediate: Rapid multiplication and
dissemination of seed varieties,
prioritized by national
agricultural research systems (NARS), and
registered and released by partners in
target countries.
In next three years: Faster and more
resilient development and delivery of
market-demanded varieties:
• More agile breeding systems and seed
systems that respond rapidly to crisis,
and remain stable in face of crisis
• Many CGIAR-bred varieties also have
built-in climate resilience - helps
ensure food security under crisis
conditions 19
5. Crisis-responsive crop, livestock, and aquatic food
systems management

High prices of nutrient-

dense foods (e.g. animal
Strong reliance on
Inherent fragility of our source and aquatic
production in a small
food systems foods) putting them
number of key regions
beyond the reach of
poor consumers

Challenges we need to address

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 5. Crisis-responsive crop, livestock, and aquatic food
systems management

Actions we are taking/ planning

CGIAR works to create more resilient farming systems, by focusing on farm mgmt. practices that increase
productivity, improve livelihoods, adapt to climate change, and reduce the environmental footprint of farming

Work underway ranges from exploring ways to reduce the concentration of wheat supplies and imported foods,
enhance resource-use efficiency and diversification, and promote climate-smart agronomy and livestock
management

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 5. Crisis-responsive crop, livestock, and aquatic food
systems management

What more is needed

Enhance and accelerate planned work on

(i) the development of suitability maps for alternative crops ;
(ii) the diversification of cereal-based systems with legumes , climate-resilient crops ,
and aquatic foods; and the integration of livestock to reduce the requirements for
fertilizer N, improve water (and nutrient) use efficiencies, and increase drought
resilience;
(iii) Improve local livestock systems through better feeding, breeding, health and
market systems; and strengthened resilience against shocks such as droughts, feed
supply shortages and animal disease;
(iv) expand work on lower trophic species for aquaculture which use fewer feed
resources and fully utilize byproducts; and
(v) index-based insurance
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6. Soil fertility solutions for resilience to
fertilizer price and supply shocks

Fertilizer prices have been

Fertilizer price and supply Could translate into high
surging since 2021 (different
shocks put future harvests at prices over extended periods
drivers – e.g. rising input
risk of time
costs, supply disruptions, etc.)

Challenges we need to address

23
 6. Soil fertility solutions for resilience to
fertilizer price and supply shocks

Actions we are taking/ planning

Initiative (EiA) is working to assist farming communities in targeted countries by enhancing the productivity,
production efficiency, and self-sufficiency of crop production

With regard to fertilizers, it is:

(i) Improving efficiency of fertilizer use, and
(ii) (ii) Valorizing alternative sources of nutrients

In addition, IFPRI’s fertilizer dashboard tracks availability and affordability, trade restrictions, etc.

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 6. Soil fertility solutions for resilience to
fertilizer price and supply shocks

What more is needed

Working with the

Tools and Dissemination of
Nature+ Initiative
analytics for Integrated Soil Expanding work
on rapid
locally-relevant Fertility on repurposing
identification of
fertilizer advice Management fertilizer
locally available
(ISFM) options at subsidies
at scale sources of
larger scale
organic inputs

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 7. Strong national agricultural research and innovation
systems for more resilient countries

National Agricultural Research and Innovation

Systems (NARIS) have a critical role to play in
Challenges we
identifying, developing, and scaling solutions in
need to address
response to country-specific needs – in
response to the current global food crisis as
well as future crises and shocks

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 7. Strong national agricultural research and innovation
systems for more resilient countries

Actions we are taking/ planning

• CGIAR is committed to joining forces with NARIS in the Global South to bolster in-
country capacity for research and development, innovation (RDI) and scaling
• The 2022—24 portfolio of CGIAR Initiatives relies heavily on close collaborations between
CGIAR researchers and NARIS stakeholders, who can co-develop, transfer, adopt and
scale innovations and technologies that respond directly to country needs

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 7. Strong national agricultural research and innovation
systems for more resilient countries

What more is needed

To further enhance the joint development and scaling of research solutions through Initiatives in response to
the global food crisis and to build resilience to future crises, CGIAR is creating a direct pathway for
investment in NARIS-led research and scaling in the Global South. This includes:

Funding for NARIS research and scaling activities that are aligned with CGIAR Initiatives, sharing responsibilities, risk, benefits
and rewards around agreed upon outcomes;

Facilitating South-to-South and Triangular research and scaling collaboration with and among Global South partners,
including the sharing of top talent between NARIS stakeholders and CGIAR using a variety of modalities such as
secondments, fellowships, sabbaticals, internships, and exchange programs, among others; and

Ensuring that CGIAR and NARIS partners in the Global South harness the full potential of their collaboration, prototyping
novel research and scaling partnership models, garnering best practices and lessons learned, tracking outputs, and capturing
the impacts from this deeper engagement, all in line with CGIAR’s Engagement Framework.
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 Responding to pressing agri-food systems crises within
regions and countries

South East and Southeast West and Central and Latin

Asia Southern Africa Asia: Deltas Central Africa Western Asia America

• Collaboratively designed with over 2,000 stakeholders

• Responsive to stakeholder demand
• Researching, designing, and delivering innovations on key regional issues through multi-stakeholder
platforms
• Day-to-day, on-the-ground and direct collaboration with national research and extension partners
• Comprehensive agri-food systems contexts (from farm to fork and back again)

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The Regional Integrated Initiatives will:

Assure responsiveness to Align research efforts

partner demand Ensure accountability and
relevance to national
demands

Apply, test, provide

Provide coordination and feedback on relevance of
cohesion among the global initiative
initiative portfolio innovations

Offer ‘plug-in’
opportunities for global Maximize cross-portfolio
initiatives synergies

Maintain, build-on and

Multiply development
launch established and
Amplify impact potential impact
new regional partnerships 30
Delivering the response: key features and operational modalities
CGIAR’s global food crisis response will be:
Built on and delivered through the 2022—24 portfolio of CGIAR Initiatives, with existing work plans and
budgets amended where required to accommodate additional demands, and with the addition of the
Initiative on Conflict, Fragility, and Migration

Carefully calibrated to stakeholder demand, leveraging ongoing engagement processes under the
leadership of CGIAR’s Partnerships & Advocacy and Regional Groups

Delivered in close collaboration with partners

Deployed quickly in response to rapidly evolving impacts and needs

Draw on the full range of CGIAR’s global capabilities and geographic reach across Centers, enabled by an
integrated structure

Overseen by the three Science Group Directors, with dedicated capacity identified to coordinate CGIAR’s
global responses to stakeholder demands 31
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Resourcing the response: a preliminary investment case
• Through the 2022—24 portfolio of Initiatives – grounded in our 2030 Research and Innovation
Strategy – CGIAR will play an essential role in helping partners and stakeholders mitigate the current
global food crisis and build resilience in the face of future shocks. Investing in CGIAR research and
innovations, and specifically the current portfolio of Initiatives, must remain a priority.

• Over the current business plan period (2022—24), CGIAR can absorb additional investments of an
estimated US$200—300m to accelerate, expand, and enhance work underway and planned under the
Initiatives to maximize its contributions towards the global food crisis response, as set out across the
seven innovation areas and Regional Integrated Initiatives above.

• Additional contributions can be made through the CGIAR Trust Fund, using the existing funding
modality for Initiatives, towards the full portfolio or designated to Funders’ preferred Initiatives. CGIAR
will explore the feasibility of establishing a dedicated crisis response facility to enable Funders to
designate contributions towards its food crisis response, using the existing designation mechanism and
with funds allocated by Science Group leadership based on greatest need.

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Thank you

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Appendix

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RIIs – Regional impacts and responses
The current food crisis is truly global in reach, but with considerable variation across regions as a function of
their connections to global food systems. CGIAR, through its Regional Integrated Initiatives (RII) and emerging
country and regional engagement structure, is well placed to step up work to identify and analyze region-
specific impacts and vulnerabilities, and deploy appropriate research and innovation packages in response.
Central and West Asia and North Africa East and Southern Africa (ESA) Latin America and the Caribbean (LAC)
(CWANA)
Key challenges: ● availability of real-time information Key challenges: ● 13% agricultural and fish production,
Key challenges: ● hottest, most water-stressed on crisis; ● over-reliance and serious shortage of 17% of net export value; ● low intra-regional trade and
region; ● extremely vulnerable to climate change cereals, esp. wheat & maize; ● sharp rise in costs of several net food importers facing severe food inflation
● limited and degrading productive land; ● fuel, cooking oil, and other food items for domestic threats; ● high transport, energy and fertilizer costs:
dependent on grain imports; ● non-specialized needs; ● post-harvest losses; ● under-developed intensive user of fertilizer, and imports 78% of its
smallholdings; ● fragility and conflict; ● internal platforms and linkages consumption; ● poverty and extreme poverty
displacement; ● youth unemployment; ● gender increasing: additional 13 million extreme poor and 8
inequality; CGIAR’s response: ● early-warning systems; ● Crop million expected to suffer food insecurity by end-2022;
diversification and sustainable intensification; ●
CGIAR’s response: ● seeds of latest CGIAR fertilizer-use efficiency and exploring locally available CGIAR’s response: ● platform to expand sustainable
technology to meet farmers’ needs and close use of organic inputs; ● access to markets, market production in areas with comparative advantage; ●
yield gaps; ● climate-smart wheat, barley, linkages, post-harvest loss reduction, and agro- nutrition-sensitive innovations to bridge silos between
legumes, rice, potatoes, sweet potatoes, fruits processing for smallholder farmers; ● access to the technical, social, nutrition, and environmental; ●
and vegetables for scaling; ● wheat substitutes – financial services for producers and value chain actors; regional network of InnovaHubs at sub-national levels
barley/wheat flower mix; ● crop diversification; ● ● platforms to promote evidence-based policy, deploy collaborative learning processes for real
maintain & evolve current and future beyond briefs to awareness for action impact at scale; ● multi-level capability to scale
populations of crops and wild relatives; ● scale interventions; ● addressing gender, youth and social
conservation agriculture; ● water-energy-food disparities; ● sustaining projected increase of net
governance; ● wastewater treatment & reuse, exports through improved productivity and
water harvesting and storage; ● water efficiency production of major crops, including maize and
and management tools; ● digital tools for soybeans as well as beef and poultry; ● small and
climate-resilient food value chains family agriculture engagement in the agri-food
systems and markets; ● mitigating impact on
increased poverty and food security;

35
RIIs – Regional impacts and responses
South Asia (SA)
Key challenges: ● shrinking foreign currency
reserves, high import dependency, resulting in
social unrest; ● imbalance in regional food
supplies; ● weak value chains, dwindling
resources to access intl. markets; ● rising
malnutrition; ● climate change impacts,
including floods and droughts; ●
transboundary insects, pests, and diseases; ●
limited access to advanced technologies and
knowledge
CGIAR’s response: ● improving value-chain
efficiency, transform agri-food systems to
increase availability of diversified food at
affordable prices; ● anticipate consumption as
well as production patterns – embedding
shorter, more resilient, and sustainable value
chains; ● changing consumption patterns: diet
diversity, including promoting nutri-dense
native varieties and crop, introducing millets
and fruits; ● reduced food waste; ● climate
response mechanisms (e.g. early warning,
forecasting, and flood/drought resilient, high-
yielding seeds); ● NARES collaboration to
promote resource conservation technologies,
make policy recommendations to strengthen
national and regional seed systems
Southeast Asia and the Pacific (SEAP) West and Central Africa (WCA)
Key challenges: ● inflation and food inflation:
28% in 2021, 20% in 2022; ● rising fertilizer and
fuel prices; ● so far moderate for rice, but risk of Key challenges: ● high increase and volatility of
a sharp increase if harvest does not meet food & fertilizer prices; ● scarcity of agricultural
expectations; ● risk of broader trade inputs; ● limited labor supply and employment
restrictions and costly self-sufficiency policies; opportunity; ● high risk of productivity loss; ●
● geopolitical tensions and resulting impacts
risk of reduced production; ● increasing
on trade; ● climate risks; ● deeper crisis can
precipitate massive outmigration; …and poverty, reduced purchase power, and food
opportunities: ● stocks high compared with insecurity in both coastal and Sahelian regions
2008—2010; ● lessons from previous crises; ●
strong existing CGIAR contacts with CGIAR’s response: ● improve the use efficiency
governments
of chemical fertilizers; ● develop and promote
CGIAR’s response: ● catalyzing stronger ASEAN value addition activities along the food system;
cooperation; ● improving productivity, ● promote digital delivery of agriculture
profitability, input savings and food loss; ● extension and climate information services; ●
planning scenarios for food crisis and climate increase the production of staple foods; ●
change impacts; ● accelerating food systems
facilitate access to financial services, markets,
transformations, especially resilience to market
and weather shocks; ● promoting more local/ and market linkages; ● reduce post-harvest
landscape (watershed) based models and losses
circular solutions; ● accelerating availability of
new stress-tolerant and nutritionally enhanced
varieties; ● promoting coordinated strategies
to increase on-farm yields of staples through
technology & policy, including diversification,
infrastructure, storage and processing 36
Innovation area 1: Real-time monitoring and early-warning
Challenges we need to address
• Existing monitoring and early-warning systems cannot precisely assess impacts of global shocks
on domestic food & nutrition security
• There is substantial risk of compound crises that exacerbate vulnerabilities at local and country

Actions we are taking/ planning

• Developing innovative tools such as the Excessive Food Price Volatility Early Warning
System and Food and Fertilizer Exports Restrictions Tracker
• CGIAR also plays an active part in the Agricultural Market Information System (AMIS),
AgIncentives Consortium, and the Food Security Information Network
What more is needed
• Scaling up of tools to track market shocks, including food prices and input prices
• Tools to estimate and forecast food production at granular geographic precision using
remote sensing technology
• Tracking of stocks held by governments and private sector of commodities and inputs
• Early-warning systems that analyze data using a predictive model, communicate the
results through a user-friendly dashboard, and build capacity to collect and analyze data
37
Innovation area 2: Policy analysis and advice
Challenges we need to address
• Decision-makers need access to timely, reliable data and policy options
• Governments face tradeoffs across food, land and systems
• Demand-driven and evidence-based policy support for decision-makers at all levels as a
base for actions

Actions we are taking/ planning

• CGIAR has released policy recommendations, blogs, news articles, and hosted policy seminars
• Guided stakeholders on actions to address and mitigate impacts to food and nutrition
security
• CGIAR analysis is being used by the UN Global Crisis Response Group and the High-Level
Panel of Experts of the UN Committee on World Food Security

What more is needed

• A food crisis unit that can directly meet government and funder demands for research and policy analysis
• Expansion of global and country modeling to assess impacts of shocks and policies on food security
• Acceleration of regional initiatives to build in-country capacity for data collection and policy analysis
• Support coalitions of governments and other stakeholders to generate support for building resilience to shocks 38
Innovation area 3: Food security in fragile systems
Challenges we need to address
• 1.5 billion people are living in fragile and conflict-affected settings, which are among
those most adversely affected by the global food crisis
• Decision-makers need information that is immediately available and tailored to their
policy needs
Actions we are taking/ planning
• Conduct frontline research in fragile and conflict-affected states and regions
• Undertaken critical work on migration and refugee populations, including the factors leading
to migration
• CGIAR is a global leader in impact evaluation of social protection initiatives

What more is needed

• The Conflict, Fragility, and Migration Initiative will enable CGIAR to provide demand-driven
research solutions exploring how fragility and conflict affect food, land, and water systems, and
vice versa
• A permanent unit to assess, interpret, and present information for partners to guide policies,
interventions, and investments to address crises
39
Innovation area 6: Soil fertility solutions for resilience to fertilizer
price and supply shocks
Challenges we need to address
• Fertilizer prices have been surging since 2021, driven by rising input costs, supply
disruptions due to sanctions, and export restrictions
• Fertilizer price and supply shocks put future harvests at risk

Actions we are taking/ planning

• Excellence in Agronomy Initiative (EiA) is working with farming communities to improve
efficiency of fertilizer use, and Valorizing alternative sources of nutrients
• In addition, IFPRI’s fertilizer dashboard tracks availability and affordability, trade
restrictions, etc.
What more is needed
• Deploy tools and analytics to deliver locally-relevant fertilizer recommendations at scale,
following the 4R principles (right type, amount, time, and place)
• Dissemination of Integrated Soil Fertility Management (ISFM) options at larger scale
• Working with the Nature+ Initiative to identify locally available sources of organic inputs
• Expanding work on repurposing fertilizer subsidies, which drive 50% of global fertilizer
demand 42