1 1

HEAT & THERMODYNAMICS

1. The reading of centrigrade thermometer coincides with (c) Radiation (d) None of these
that of Fahrenheit thermometer in a liquid. The tempera- Sol. (b)
ture of liquid is – (i) Conduction – Heat transfer by molecules without any
(a) – 40ºC (b) 100ºC (c) 0ºC (d) – 273ºC actual movement of molecules.
Sol. (a) For celcius and Fahrenheit thermometer, (ii) Convection – Heat transfer by molecules with actual
movement of molecules.
C F  32 T T  32
also, =  =  T = – 40º (iii) Radiation – No medium required and heat transfer with
5 9 5 9
the help of an electromagnetic wave.
Celcius Fahrenheit 6. Latent heat of vapourization of a substance is always –
F is double of C (a) greater than its latent heat of fusion.
160ºC 320ºF
(b) greater than its latent heat of sublimation
Boiling point of water (c) equal to its latent heat of sublimation
100ºC 212ºF
Human body temp. (d) less than its latent heat of fusion
36.9ºC 98.4ºF
Sol. (a) The latent heat of vaporization is always greater than
Freezing point of water latent heat of fusion because in liquid to vapour
0ºC 32ºF
Both scales are equal phase change, there is a large increase in volume.
– 40ºC – 40ºF
Hence, more heat is required as compared to solid to
liquid phase change.
2. If , and are coefficient of linear, area and volume
For example –
expansion respectively, then –
Latent heat of fusion for water – 333 kJ/kg.
(a) = 3 (b) = 3 (c) = 3 (d) = 3
3 3 Latent heat of vapourisation for water – 2256 kJ/kg
Sol. (a) V + V = (L + L) = (L + LT)
7. According to Newton's law of cooling, the rate of
= L3 + (1 + 3T + 32T2 + 3T3)
cooling of a body is proportional to ()n, where  is
 2and 3terms are neglected
the difference of the temperature of the body and the
 V (1 + T) = V (1 + 3T)
surroundings, and n is equal to –
1 + T = 1 + 3T
(a) two (b) three (c) four (d) one
 = 3
Sol. (d) According to Newton's law of cooling, the rate of
3. A metal sheet with a circular hole is heated. The hole –
cooling is directly proportional to temperature
(a) get larger (b) gets smaller
difference between body and surroundings, i.e.
(c) remains of the same size (d) get deformed
Sol. The area of circular hole increases when we heat the d
–    n = 1
metal sheet and expansion of metal sheet will be dt
independent of shape and size of the hole. 8. A beaker is filled with water at 4ºC. At one time the
temperature is increased by few degrees below 4ºC. One
shell observe that :
4. The length of a metallic rod is 5m at 0ºC and becomes (a) the level remains constant in each case.
5.01m, on heating upto 100ºC. The linear expansion of (b) in first case water flows while in second case its
the metal will be – level comes down
(a) 2.33 × 10–5 ºC–1 (b) 6.0 × 10–5 ºC–1 (c) in second case, water overflows while in first case
(c) 4.0 × 10–5 ºC–1 (d) 2.0 × 10–5 ºC–1 its come down
Sol. (d) l = 5m, t1 = 0ºC (d) water overflows in both the cases.
l2 = 5.01m, t2 = 100ºC Sol. (d) 4ºC to 0ºC - volume increase
Above 4ºC - volume increase
l2  l1 5.01  5
= = = 2 × 10–5 ºC–1
l1  t2  t1  5  100 Volume
5. Heat is transmitted from higher to lower temperature
through actual mass motion of the molecules in –
(a) Conduction (b) Convection 0ºC 4ºC temp.
 2 2
9. As the temperature is increased, the period of a 11. An ideal heat engine exhausting heat at 27ºC to have
pendulum – 25% efficiency. It must take heat at :
(a) increases as its effective length increases even (a) 127ºC (b) 227ºC (c) 327ºC (d) 673ºC
through its centre of mass still remains at the centre Sol. (a) Efficiency of Carnot engine is ()
of the bob. TSink Q
(b) decreases as its effective length increases even =1– = 1 – Sink
TSource QSource
though its centre of mass still remains at the centre
of bob. Where, T is temperature in Kelvin and Q is energy
(c) increases as its effective length increases due to 1
shifting to centre of mass below the centre of the Given that, = 25% = , T = 27ºC = 300K
4 Sink
bob
300 1 TSource  300
(d) decreases as its effective length remains same but = 1 –  =
the centre of mass shifts above the centre of the bob TSource 4 TSource
Sol. (a) As the temperature increased the length (l) of the  TSource = 400K
pendulum increases due to linear expansion. Time ot TSource = 127ºC
period of pendulum, 12. 110J of heat is added to a gaseous system & its internal
energy increases by 40J, then the amount of workdone
l
T = 2 T l is –
g (a) 150 J (b) 70J (c) 110 J (d) 40 J
 On increasing temperature, time period (T) also Sol. (b) According to First law of thermodynamics –
increases. dQ = dU = dW  dW = dQ – dU
Also, time period of pendulum increased in summer  dW = dQ – dU = 110 – 40 = 70 J
and decrease in winter. 13. If the temperature of black body is doubled, the wave-
length at which spectral radiancy has its maximum, is –
(a) doubled (b) halved
l
(c) quadrupled (d) unchanged
bob of pendulum Sol. (b) According to Wein's Displacement Law, the product
of the wavelength corresponding to maximum energy
10. A body cools from 50ºC to 40ºC in 5 minutes. The
of absolute temperature is a constant.
surrounding temperature is 20ºC. In what further time
i.e. mT = constant = 0.2892 cm – K.
(in minutes) will it cool to 30ºC ?
1
15 25 or m 
(a) 5 (b) (c) (d) 10 T
2 3
 When T is doubled, m become halved.
Sol. (c) According to Newton's law of cooling,
14. The rate of cooling at 600K, if surrounding temperature
T1  T2  T1  T2  is 300K is R. The rate of cooling at 900K is –
=K  Ts  , where K is constant.
t  2  16 2
(a) R (b) 2R (c) 3R (d) R
T1 T2 3 3
In this question, 50º   40ºC  30ºC
T1 = 50ºC, T2 = 40ºC, t1 = 5 minute, Ts = 20ºC Sol. (a) According to Stefan-Boltzmann's law, the total
amount of energy radiated per second per unit area
50  40  50  40  2 of a perfect blackbody, is directly proportional to
 =k  20   k =
5  2  25 the fourth power of the absolute temperature of the
Similarly, in 2nd stange, surface of the body', i.e. E  T4 or E =T4.
T1 = 40ºC, T2 = 30ºC, t2 = t, Ts = 20ºC Where is called Stefan's constant.
In case, the perfect blackbody at temperature T is
40  30 2  40  30 
 =   20  placed in an enclosure at temperature T0, then the
t 25  2  heat energy radiated per unit area is – E = (T4 – T0)
25 In case, T >> T0, then E = T4
t= minutes.
 Rate of cooling (R') is -
3
 3 3
4 4 high temperature.
R '  900    300  94  34 16 (a) plate will cool fastest and cube the slowest.
= = =
R  600 4   300  4 64  34 3 (b) sphere will cool fastest and cube the slowest.
(c) plate will cool fastest and sphere the slowest.
16 (d) cube will cool fastest and plate the slowest.
 R' = R
3 Sol. (c) According to Newton's law of cooling, Rode of heat
15. Match the followings : loss is directly proportional to –
List - 1 List - II (a) Surface area of object
A. Isothermal Process 1. No heat exchange (b) Temperature difference of object and surrounding.
B. Isoentropic (adiabatic) 2. Constant temperature 20. The ratio of the emissive power of the absorptive power
process of all substances for the particular wavelength is the
C. Isochoric process 3. Constant pressure same at given temperature. The ratio is known as –
D. Isobaric process 4. Constant Volume (a) the emissive power of a perfectly black body.
5. Constant enthalpy (b) the emissive power of any type of body.
Codes : (c) the Stefan's constant.
A B C D A B C D (d) the Wein's constant.
(a) 2 1 5 4 (b) 3 2 4 5 Sol. (a) According to Kirchhoff's law of radiation, the ratio
(c) 2 1 4 3 (d) 1 5 2 3 of emissive power of absorptive power of a body, is
Sol. (c) same for all surfaces at the same temperature and is
16. If 1g of water at 0ºC is heated to 100ºC, the change in equal to emissive power of perfectly black body.
entropy is – 21. The surface temperature of the sun is TK and the solar
(a) 3.12 Cal/ºC (b) 0.312 Cal/ºC constant for a plate is S. The sun subtends an angle at
(c) 0.293 Cal/ºC (d) 0.0293 Cal/ºC the planet. Then –
T2 1 373 (a) S  T4 (b) S  T2 (c) S  Q2 (d) S  Q
Sol. (b) Change in entropy (S) = m  dt = 1 × 1n Sol. (a) The amount of heat received from the sun by one
T1 T 273
square centimeter area of a surface placed normally
= 0.3121 Cal/ºC.
to the sun rays at mean distance between sun and
 B B earth is known as solar constant
  dx  ln 
 A A 2
r
17. If ice contained in a beaker starts melting, then – S =   T4
R
(a) the specific heat of system is zero.
Where, r – radius of sun
(b) internal energy of system remains constant.
R – mean distance between sun and earth
(c) entropy remains constant.
– Stefan's constant
(d) temperature remains constant.
S –Solar constant (S = 1.937 Cal cm–2 min–1.
Sol. (d) As melting/boiling/freezing is an isothermal process.
22. The two ends of a metal rod are maintained at temperatures
So, by the mean of latent heat, only state of matter
100ºC and 110ºC. The rate of heat flow in the rod is
change without change in temperature.
found to be 4.0Js–1. If the ends are maintained at
18. The thermal inertia of thermodynamic system is known
temperature 200ºC and 210ºC, the rate of heat flow will
as –
be –
(a) its enthalpy (b) its entropy
(a) 44 Js–1 (b) 16.8 Js–1 (c) 8 Js–1 (d) 4 Js–1
(c) its isothermal condition
(d) its adiabatic condition Q kA  T 
Sol. (d) Rate of heat flow of conduction is =
Sol. (b) When heat is absorbed during a process, there is t l
increase in entropy & when heat is released during Where, K – thermal conductivity
a process, there is decrease in entropy. Thus, the A – surface area
net change in entropy of the system in a reversible T – change in temperature
cycle is zero and remains unchanged. l – length of conductor
19. A sphere, a cube and a thin circular plate, all of same Q – Amount of heat flow.
material and of same mass are initially heated to same   and rate of heat flow will be 4.0 Js–1 for
Q T
 4 4
11 –5 5
same T. P = 2 × 10 × 1.1 × 10 × 100 = 2.2 × 10 Pa.
23. 100g of water is heated from 30ºC to 50ºC. Ignoring the 26. Two spheres of the same material have radii 1m and 4m
slight expansion of water, the change in its internal and temperature 4000k and 2000k respectively. The ratio
energy is (specific heat of water is 4184J kg–1 k–1). of the energy radiated per second by the first sphere to
(a) 8.4 KJ (b) 84 KJ (c) 2.1 KJ (d) 4.2 KJ that by the second is –
Sol. (a) Specific heat (C) is required to change the temperature (a) 1 : 1 (b) 16 : 1 (c) 4 : 1 (d) 1 : 9
of body, Sol. (a) The energy radiated per second is given by E = eT4
Q = mCT For same material e is same. is Stefan's constant
Where, Q – amount of heat exchanged
E1 T14 A1 T1  4r1   40004 12 1
4 2
m – mass of object  = = = =
C – Specific heat of object E 2 T24 A 2 T24  4r22   20004  42 1
T – Change in temperature 27. In a water fall, the water falls from a height of 100m. If
Here, T = 50ºC – 30ºC = 20ºC or 323 K – 303K = 20K the entire K.E. of water is converted into heat, the rise in
and Q stored as an internal energy (U) temperature of water will be –
 U = Q = mCT = 100 × 10–1 × 4184 × 20  8.4KJ (a) 0.23ºC (b) 0.46ºC (c) 2.3ºC (d) 0.023ºC
24. One end of a thermally insulted rod is kept at a temperature
1 2
T1 and the other at T2. The rod is composed of two Sol. (a) K.E. = mv and v = 2gh
2
sections of length l1 and l2 and thermal conductivities
K1 and K2 respectively. The temperature at the interface 1 gh
 K.E. = m (2gh) = mCT  T =
of the two section is – 2 C
T1 l1 l2 T1 98 100
 T = = 0.23ºC
K1
4200
K2
28. On observing light from three different stars P, Q and R,
 k1l1T1  k2l2T2   k2l2T1  k1l2T2  it was found that intensity of violet colour is maximum
(a) (b)
k1l1  k2l2 k1l1  k2l2 in the spectrum of P, the intensity of green colour is
maximum in the spectrum of R and the intensity of red
 k2l1T1  k1l2T2   k1l2T1  k2l1T2  colour is maximum in the spectrum of Q. If TP, TQ and TR
(c) (d)
k2l1  k1l2 k1l2  k2l1 are the respective absolute temperature of P, Q and R,
then it can be concluded from the above observations
k1 A T1  T  k2 A T  T2  that –
Sol. (d) =
l1 l2 (a) TP > TQ > TR (b) TP < TR < TR
(c) TP < TQ < TR (d) TP > TQ > TR
k1T1l 2  k 2T2 l1 k1l 2T1  k 2 l1T2
T = = Sol. (a) According to Wein's displacement law,
k 2 l1  k1l 2 k1l2  k 2 l1 mXT = constant.
T1 l1 T l2 T1 P – max. intensity is at violet  m is minimum 
Temperature – maximum.
K1 K2 R – maximum intensity is at green  m is moderate
25. The pressure that has to be applied to the ends of a  Temperature – moderate
steel wire of length 10cm to keep its length constant Q – maximum intensity is at red  m is maximum 
when its temperature is raised by 100ºC is : Temperature – minimum
(For steel Young's modulus is 2×1011 Nm–2 & coefficient  TP > TR > TQ
of thermal expansion is 1.1 × 10–5K–1). 29. A uniform metallic rod rotates about its perpendicular
(a) 2.2 × 108 Pa (b) 2.2 × 109 Pa bisector with constant angular speed. If it is heated
(c) 2.2 × 107 Pa (d) 2.2 × 106 Pa uniformly to raise its temperature slightly –
Stress (a) Its speed of rotation increases.
Sol. (a) Young's modulus, Y = and stress in steel (b) Its speed of rotation decreases.
Strain
(c) Its speed of rotation remains same.
wire = Applied pressure
(d) Its speed of increases because its momentum of
L inertia increases.
 Pressure = Y × strain = Y × = T
L
 5 5
Sol. (b) On heating a uniform metallic rod its length will Density ( ) 0 – 4ºC–density will
increase, so moment of inertia of rod increased from increased
4ºC – max. Density
I1 to I2.
Angular momentum (L) = I= constant
( No external torque applied) 0ºC 4ºC temp.

2 I1 33. A bimetallic strip is made of aluminium and steel (Al>

 I11 = I22  = <I
1 I 2 Steel). On heating, he strip will –
or 2 < 1 ( Due to expansion of the rod I2 > I1) (a) remain straight (b) get twisted
30. Consider the following statements & select the correct (c) will bend with aluminium on concave side
statement – (d) will bend with steel on concave side.
I. Water and ice have same specific heats. Aluminium
Sol. (d) Given, Al> Steel and Steel
II. Water and ice have different specific heats.
(i) On heating, (ii) On cooling
III. Specific heat of water is more than that of ice.
IV. Specific heat of ice is more than that of water. Aluminium Convex
(a) I only (b) II only (c) II & III (d) III & IV Steel side

Sol. (c) Specific heat of water is 1 Cal g–1 ºC–1 Concave Concave
side side
Specific heat of ice is 0.5 Cal g–1ºC–1
Aluminium
 Specific heat of water is more than that of ice and Convex
Steel

both have different value of specific heat. O side

31. During vapourisation –
I. Change of state from liquid to vapour state occurs.
II. Temperature remains constants.
III. Both liquid and vapour state co-exist in equilibrium.
IV. Specific heat of substance increases.
Correct statements are –
(a) I, II and IV (b) II, III and IV
(c) I, III and IV (d) I, II and III
Sol. (d) When liquid is heated, the temperature remains
constant until the entire amount of liquid is converted
into vapour.
Boiling Point – The temperature at which vapour
pressure become equal to atmospheric pressure.
32. An aluminium sphere is dipped into water. Which of the
following is true ?
(a) Buoyancy will be less in water at 0ºC than that in
water at 4ºC
(b) Buoyancy will be more in water at 0ºC than than in
water at 4ºC
(c) Buoyancy in water at 0ºC will be same as that in
water at 4ºC
(d) Buoyancy may be more or less in water at 4ºC
depending on the radius of the sphere.
Sol. (a) Buoyancy or Buoyant force is
= Volume of object X density of liquid Xg = Vl g.
For water, variation in density with temperature is –
and above 4ºC – density will decrease with rise in
temperature.
 Buoyancy will be maximum at 4ºC.
34. Steam at 100ºC is passed into 20g of water at 10ºC. When
water acquires a temperature of 80ºC, the mass of water
present will be –
[Take specific heat of water = 1 cal g–1 ºC–1 and latent
heat of steam = 540 cal g–1]
(a) 24g (b) 31.5 g (c) 42.5 g (d) 22.5 g
Sol. () According to the principle of calorimetry,
Heat loss = Heat gain
mLV = mCT = mWCT
m × 540 + m × 1 × (100 – 80) = 20 × 1 × (80 – 10)
 m = 2.5g
 Total mass of water at 80ºC = (20 + 2.5)g = 22.5g
35. Heat is associated with –
(a) Kinetic energy of random motion of molecules
(b) Kinetic energy of orderly motion of molecules
(c) Total kinetic energy of random and orderly motion
of molecules.
(d) Kinetic energy of random motion in some cases and
kinetic energy of orderly motion in other.
Sol. (a) As we know that when the temperature increases
vibration of molecules about their mean position
increases. Hence, the kinetic energy associated with
random motion of molecules increases.
36. A metal bullet penetrates into a solid object and melts.
Assuming that 50% of its kinetic energy was used to
heat it, calculate the initial speed of the bullet. The initial
temperature of the bullet is 27ºC and its melting point is
327ºC. Latent heat of fusion of metal = 2.5 × 104J kg–1
and specific heat capacity of metal = 125J kg–1 K–1.
(a) 500 ms–1 (b) 525 ms–1 (c) 725 –1 (d) 400 –1
 6 6
Sol. (a) Heat required to rise temperature of bullet from 27ºC Sol. (c) This is analogue to a balanced wheatstone bridge.
to 327ºC is mCT.
l l
Change in K.E. = Heat produced = Specific heat Thermal resistances, R1 =, R2 = ...........
k1 A k2 A
+ Latent Heat
and R1R4 = R2R3.
1 1 2 40. Three rods of same dimension have thermal conductivity
 mvi  = m (125) (300) + m (2.5 × 104)
2 2  3K, 2K and K. they are are arranged as shown with their
1 ends of 100ºC, 50ºC & 0ºC. The temperature of junction
mvi2 = m (3.75 × 104 + 2.5 × 104) is –
4
50ºC
2K
vi2 = 4 × 6.25 × 104  vi = 250000 = 500ms–1 100ºC
3K

37. A 5g of ice at – 20ºC is put into 10g of water at 30ºC. K 0ºC

Assuming that heat is exchanged only between the ice
200 100
and the water, find the final temperature of the mixture. (a) 75ºC (b) ºC (c) 40ºC (d) ºC
3 3
(Specific heat capacity of ice = 2100J kg–1 ºC–1, specific
Sol. () Let T be the temperature of junction.
heat capacity of water = 4200 J kg–1 ºC–1 and latent heat
H1, H2 and H3 are heat current.
of fusion of ice = 3.36 × 105J kg–1).
According to Kirchoff's junction rule, H1 = H2 + H3
(a) 100ºC (b) 0ºC (c) 101.8ºC (d) 55.2ºC
Sol. (b) Law of calorimetry, Heat loss = Heat gain 100 T  50 T  0
= +
Heat required to melt ice=Specific Heat + Latent heat  l   l  l
(from – 20ºC to 0ºC) + (0ºC state change)    2 KA  KA
 3KA   
= m CT + mL = m (CT + L)
or 3 (100 – T) = 2 (T – 50) + T
= 5 × 10–3 × (2100 × 20 + 3.36 × 105) = 1890 J
Heat loss by water at 30ºC 200
= 10 × 10–3 × 4200 × 30 = 1260 J
T= ºC.
3
Hence due to insufficient amount of heat, ice will H2 50ºC
not melted and final temperature is 0ºC. H1
100ºC
T
(Because of 1260J, – 20ºC ice converts in 0ºC ice) H3 0ºC
38. A meta rod is shaped into a ring with a small gap. If this 41. Two slabs A and B of differene materials but of the same
is heated, which of the following will not happen – thickness are joined end to form a composite slab. The
(a) the length of the rod will increase thermal conductivities of A & B are K1 & K2 respectively.
(b) the gap will decrease A steady temperature difference of 12ºC is maintained
(c) the gap will increase across the composite slab.
(d) the diameter of the ring will increase in the same
ratio as the length of the rod.
K2
If K1 = , the temperature difference across slab A is–
2
Sol. (b) (a) 4ºC (b) 6ºC (c) 8ºC (d) 10ºC
A B
39. Five rods of same dimensions are arranged as shown. Sol. () 12ºC 0ºC
K1 T K2
They have thermal conductivities k1, k2, k3, k4 and k5.
Rate of flow of heat will be equal in both the slabe
When point A and B are maintained at different
(12 – T) K1 = K2 (T – 0)
temperature, no heat flows through the central rod. It
or 12 – T = 2T  T = 4ºC
follow that
The temperature difference across slab A is
K1 K2
(12 – T) = 12 – 4 = 8ºC
K5
42. Two identical square rods of metal are welded end to
K3 K4
end as shown in figure 1, 20 calorie of heat flows through
k1 k2 it in 4 minute. If the rods are welded as shown in figure
(a) k1 = k4 and k2 = k3 (b) =
k4 k3 2,the same amount of heat will flow through the rods in–

(c) k1k4 and k2k3 (d) k1k2 and k3k4

0ºC Figure 1 100ºC
 0ºC 100ºC
Figure 2
 7 7
(a) 1 minute (b) 2 minute (c) 4 minute (d) 16 minute (a) 325ºC (b) 325K (c) 39ºC (d) 320ºC
Q KAT T Sol. (c) Temperature of freezer (T2) = – 13ºC = 260K
Sol. (a) Flow of heat by conduction, = = Coefficient of performance () = 5
t l R
Where R is thermal resistance. T2 260
also = or 5 =
 time, t  R T1  T2 T1  260
t parallel Rp R 1  T1 = 312K or 39ºC
or = =
t series Rs 2 =4 44. Heat is –
(a) The amount of internal energy contained in a body.
2R
(b) Equal to mCT (where, m = mass, C = specific heat,
ts 4 T = change in temperature)
 tp = = = 1 minute
4 4 (c) The sum of kinetic and potential energy of molecules
43. An ideal refrigerator has a freezer at a temperature of – of a body.
13ºC. The coefficient of performance of the engine is 5. (d) The amount of internal energy flowing from a body
The temperature of the air (to which heat is rejected) will at higher temperature.
be – Sol. (d)

PRACTICE SHEET ON HEAT & THERMODYNAMICS

1. When a solid, liquid or a gas changes from one physical 9. During boiling process, the temperature –
state to another, the change is called – (a) Increase (b) Decrease
(a) Melting (b) Enthalpy (c) Remains constant
(c) A phase change (d) Sublimation (d) may increase or decrease
2. Which of the following is equivalent to 1 Calorie – 10. The latent heat of an ice cube of mass 0.2g is 20J, the
(a) The specific heat of water specific latent heat of the ice cube would be –
(b) The energy needed to increase the temperature of 1 (a) 4 J/kg (b) 100 J/kg (c) 10 J/kg (d) 40 J/kg
gram of water 1 degree celcius. 11. The S.I. unit for thermal energy is –
(c) equivalent to little over 4 Joule of mechanical work. (a) Joule (b) Ohm (c) Pascal (d) Watts
(d) All of the above 12. Bubbles are formed in the liquid during –
3. A block of ice – (a) Boiling (b) Evapourization
(a) Cannot radiate heat (c) Vapourization (d) Melting
(b) Can radiate heat but cannot absorb heat 13. In the science lab, a student heat up a chemical from
(c) Can absorb heat but cannot radiate heat 10ºC to 25ºC which requires the thermal energy of 30000J.
(d) Can radiate as well as absorb heat If the mass of object is 40kg, the specific heat capacity
4. A container has 2.4 litres of water at 20ºC. The heat of the chemical would be –
required to boil the water is – (a) 25 J kg–1 ºC–1 (b) 50 J kg–1 ºC–1
(a) 600 KJ (b) 700 KJ (c) 800 KJ (d) 900 KJ (c) 75 J kg–1 ºC–1 (d) 100 J kg–1 ºC–1
5. How much heat energy is gained when 5kg of water at 14. The internal energy comprises of two type of energies,
20ºC is brought to its boiling point ? those are –
(a) 1680 KJ (b) 1700 KJ (c) 1720 KJ (d) 1740 KJ (a) Mechanical and electrical energy
6. Latent Heat stands for – (b) Magnetic and electrical energy
(a) Absorb Heat (b) Visible Heat (c) Kinetic and potential energy
(c) Stored Heat (d) Hidden Heat (d) Kinetic and magnetic energy
7. If the boiling point of an object is high, then the rate of 15. A pure substance would freeze or solidify at its –
evaporization would be – (a) Boiling point (b) Condensation point
(a) Slower (b) Faster (c) Normal (d) Zero (c) Melting point (d) Sublimation point
8. If we put some water in a pot and put it over the bunsen 16. When the state is being changes from gas to liquid
burner, the thermal energy supplied to the water would through the process of condensation, the temperature–
lead to a gain in – (a) increase (b) decrease
(a) external energy (b) internal energy (c) remains constant (d) may increase or decrease
(c) chemical energy (d) physical energy 17. The energy due to which the molecule held at a fix position,
 8 8
vibrates. This energy is termed as – in the temperature of the block in 2.5 minutes, assuming
(a) External energy (b) Internal energy 50% of power is used up in heating the maching itself or
(c) Chemical energy (d) Physical energy lost to surrounding. (Specific heat of Al = 0.91 J g–1K–1).
18. When you hang your T-shirt or Jeans on a rope to dry it (a) 102ºC (b) 103ºC (c) 104ºC (d) 105ºC
out, it dries fast even if there is no sun, this is due to – 29. A body cools from 80ºC to 50ºC in 5 minutes. Calculate
(a) Boiling of the perfume (b) Evaporation of the liquid the time it takes to cool from 60ºC to 30ºC. The temperature
(c) Melting of liquid of surrounding is 20ºC.
(d) Condensing of the duedorent (a) 10 min. (b) 8.5 min. (c) 12 min. (d) 14 min.
19. Melting occurs at a constant temperature for – 30. A body cools in 7 minute from 60ºC to 40ºC. What will
(a) Impure substance only(b) Pure substance only be its temperature after next 7 minute ? The temperature
(c) Impure and pure substance both of surrounding is 10ºC. Assume that Newton's law of
(d) None of these cooling holds good throughout the process.
20. In the process of solidification, thermal energy is – (a) 26ºC (b) 28ºC (c) 30ºC (d) 32ºC
(a) Taken in (b) Given out 31. The speed of light with rise in temperature of the
(c) Neither given out nor taken in medium –
(d) Thermal energy is not needed (a) increase (b) decrease
21. During the process of evaporation, the temperature – (c) remains constant (d) may increase or decrease
(a) increase (b) decrease 32. Transfer of heat energy from a heater coil to the cooking
(c) remains constant (d) may increase or decrease vessel takes place through the proces of –
22. The kinetic component in the matter is – (a) Convection only
(a) directly proportional to mass (b) Conduction and convection only
(b) inversely proportional to mass (c) Radiation and convection only
(c) directly proportional to temperature (d) Convection, conduction and radiation
(d) inversely proportional to temperature 33. Heat energy of an object is –
23. Boiling takes place – (a) The average energy of the molecules of the object.
(a) Throughout the liquid (b) Only at the surface (b) The total energy of the molecules of the object.
(c) From the sides only (d) At the bottom only (c) The average velocity of the molecules of the velocity.
24. The liquid turn back to solid while freezing because – (d) The average potential energy of the molecules of
(a) intermolecular bonds get strong the object.
(b) kinetic energy increases 34. The temperature of a body is an indicator of –
(c) vibration increases (d) collision increase (a) The total energy of the molecules of the body.
25. When you apply a duedorent on your body, the cooling (b) The average energy of the molecules of the body.
effect on the skin is due to – (c) The total velocity of the molecules of the body.
(a) Boiling of the perfume (d) The average kinetic energy of the molecules of the
(b) Evaporation of the liquid body.
(c) Melting of the liquid 35. Two holes of unequal diameter d1 and d2 (d1 > d2) are
(d) Condensing of the duedorent cut in a metal sheet. If the sheet is heated –
26. Increase surface area would – (a) both d1 and d2 will decrease
(a) increase the rate of evaporation (b) both d1 and d2 will increase
(b) decrease the rate of evaporation (c) d1 will increase, d2 will decrease
(c) not affect the rate of evaporation (d) d1 will decrease, d2 will increase
(d) disturb the rate of evaporation 36. Two holes of unequal diameter d1 and d2 (d1 > d2) are
27. A rod is 2m long and has a cross-sectional area of 20 cut in a metal sheet. If sheet is heated, the distance
cm2. One end is at 15ºC and other end is at 30ºC. The between the holes will –
thermal has a coefficient of thermal conductivity of 4J (a) increase (b) decrease
ºC m–1s–1. How much energy conduct along the rod in 4 (c) remains constant
minutes. (d) may either increase or decrease depending on the
(a) 14.4 J (b) 24J (c) 1440 J (d) None positions of the holes on the sheet and on the ratio
28. A 10 KW drilling machine is used to drill a bore in a
d1
small aluminium block of mass 8.0 kg. How much is rise .
d2
 9 9
37. A metal wire of length l and area of cross-section A is 46. Which radiation in sunlight, cause heating effect –
fixed between rigid supports at negligible tension. If (a) Ultraviolet (b) Infrared
this is cooled, the tension in the wire will be – (c) Visible light (d) All of these
(a) proportional to l (b) inversely proportional to l 47. U + W = 0 is valid for –
(c) independent of l (d) independent of A (a) Adiabatic process (b) Isothermal process
38. The first law of thermodynamics incorporates the (c) Isobaric process (d) Isochoric process
concept of – 48. The mechanical equivalent of heat –
(a) Conservation of energy (b) Conservation of heat (a) has the same dimension as heat
(c) Eqivalance of heat and work (b) has the same dimension as work
(d) Both (a) and (c) (c) has the same dimension as energy
39. The internal energy of a system remains constant when (d) is dimensionless
it undergoes – 49. The process in which no heat enters or leaves the system
(a) a cyclic process (b) an isothermal process is termed as –
(c) any process in which the heat given out by the (a) Isochoric process (b) Isobaric process
system is equal to the work done on the system. (c) Isothermal process (d) Adiabatic process
(d) All the above process. 50. On the celcius scale, the absolute zero of temperature is
40. A spherical black body of radius r radiates power P and at –
its rate of cooling is R. (a) 0ºC (b) – 32ºC (c) 100ºC (d) – 273.15ºC
1 51. When a solid is converted into a gas, directly by heating,
(a) P  r (b) P  r2 (c) R  r2 (d) R  then this process is known as –
r
(a) Sublimation (b) Vapourization
41. A piece of iron is heated in a flame. If first becomes dull
(c) Condensation (d) Boiling
red then becomes reddish yellow & finally turns to white
52. A cycle tyre bursts suddenly. This represents an –
hot. The correct explanation for the above observations
(a) Isothermal process (b) Isobaric process
is possible by using –
(c) Isochoric process (d) Adiabatic process
(a) Stefan's law (b) Wein's displacement law
(c) Kirchhoff's law (d) Newton's law of cooling  CP 
42. Which of the following is the m–T graph for a perfectly 53. For adiabatic process    –
 CV 
black body ?

(a) p V = constant (b) TV = constant
(c) TV = constant (d) TV = constant
m m 54. The specific heat of a gas –
(a) (b)
(a) Has only two value Cp and Cv
T (b) Has a unique value at a given temperature
T
(c) Can have any value between 0 and 
(d) Depends on the mass of the gas
m m 55. In a cyclic process, work done by the system is –
(c) (d)
(a) Zero
T T (b) Equal to heat given to the system
(c) More tan the heat given to the system
43. A carnot engine whose sink is at 300K has an efficiency
(d) Independent of heat given to the system
of 40%. By how much should be temperature use of
56. Irreversible process is –
source should be increase so as to increase its efficiency
(a) Adiabatic process (b) Joule thomson expansion
by 50% of original efficiency ?
(c) Ideal isothermal process (d) None of the above
(a) 275 K (b) 325 K (c) 250 K (d) 380 K
57. Water equivalent of a body is measured in –
44. The specific heat capacity of a body depends on –
(a) kg (b) Calorie (c) kelvin (d) m3
(a) the heat given (b) the temperature raised
58. The efficiency of Carnot's engine operating between
(c) the mass of the body (d) the material of the body
reservoirs, maintained at temperature 27ºC and – 123ºC,
45. Which of the following produces more severe burns ?
is –
(a) Boiling water (b) Steam
(a) 50% (b) 24% (c) 0.75% (d) 0.4%
(c) Hot air (d) Sun rays
59. Of the following, the one which has highest specific
 10 10
heat is – (a) BA, AD, DC (b) DC, CB, BA
(a) Aluminium (b) Copper (c) Silver (d) Water (c) AB, BC, CD (d) CD, DA, AB
60. Maximum density of water is at the temperature – 64. The absolute zero temperature in Fahrenheit scale is –
(a) 32ºF (b) 39.2ºF (c) 42ºF (d) 4ºF (a) – 273ºF (b) – 32ºF (c) – 460ºF (d) – 132ºF
61. The absolute zero is the temperature at which – 65. When heat is given to a gas in an isothermal change,
(a) Water freezes the result will be –
(b) All substances exist in solid state (a) External work done (b) Rise in temperature
(c) Molecular motion ceases (c) Increase in internal energy
(d) None of the above (d) External work done and also rise in temperature
62. In changing the state of thermodynamics from A to B 66. On which of the following scales of temperature, the
state, the heat required is Q and the work done by the temperature is never negative –
system is W. The change in its internal energy is – (a) Celsius (b) Fahrenheit
QW (c) Reaumur (d) Kelvin
(a) Q + W (b) Q – W (c) Q (d) 67. If temperature scale is change from ºC to ºF, the numerical
2
value of specific heat will –
63. In pressure volume diagram given below, the isochoris,
(a) increase (b) decrease
isothermal and isobaric parts respectively, are –
(c) remain unchanged
P
A B (d) increase for some substances and decrease for other.

C
D
V