Measures of Position

10
(Deciles)
Learner's Module in Mathematics 10
Quarter 4 ● Module 2

v
v
v
 What is It
You are now ready to look into another measure of position which is decile.
Deciles are the score- points that divide a distribution into ten equal parts.
There are 9 deciles, which are denoted by D1, D2, D3, …, D9. In such organization of
data, 10% falls below D1, 20% falls below D2, and so on, and 90% falls below D9.
It is illustrated below;

D1 D2 D3 D4 D5 D6 D7 D8 D9

It is computed in the same way that the median and quartiles are calculated.

Decile Formula for Ungrouped Data

k (n+1) Where:
Dk =
10 k = nth decile
n = number of data
Decile Formula for Grouped Data
Where:
LB= lower boundary of the Dk class
N = total frequency

( )
kN
−cf b cf b= cumulative frequency of the class before the D k
10
Dk = LB+ i class
fD k
f D = frequency of the Dk class
k

i = size of class interval

k = nth decile, where n= 1, 2, 3,…, 9

FINDING DECILES OF UNGROUPED DATA

Example 1: The following are the result of a survey made in Grade 10 classess to
determine the number of learners who would want to take Accounting and Business
Management Strand.

35 20 10 12 15 18 25 31 11 15 16

a. Compute for D3 and interpret.

Solution:

Step 1: Arrange the data from smallest to highest.

10 11 12 15 15 16 18 20 25 31 35

1
Step 2: Substitute the given to the formula to locate the position of the D3.
Given: k =3 n=11
k (n+1)
Dk =
10
3(11+1)
D 3=
10
36
D 3=
10
D3=3.6

Step 3: Apply interpolation if the result is not exact. D3 is located in between the 3rd
and 4th data which are 12 and 15 respectively. So,

D 3=lower value+ [ decimal part(higher value−lower value) ]

D3=12+ [ 0.6 (15−12) ]
9
D3=12+
5
D3=13.8

Thus, the value of D3 is 13.8. It means that 30% of the data set falls below or
equal to 13.8

b. Compute for D7 and interpret.

Solution:

Step 1: Arrange the data from smallet to highest.

10 11 12 15 15 16 18 20 25 31 35

Step 2: Substitute the given to the formula to locate the position of the D7.
Given: k =7 n=11
k (n+1)
Dk =
10
7(11+1)
D 7=
10

84
D 7=
10
D7=8.4

Step 3: Apply interpolation if the result is not exact.

D7=lower value+ [ decimal part (higher value−lower value) ]

D 7=20+ [ 0.4(25−20) ]
D7=20+2
D7=22
Thus, the value of D7 is equal to 22. It means that 70% of the data set falls
below or equal to 22.

2
FINDING DECILES OF GROUPED DATA

Are you now ready to calculate the deciles in a grouped data?

Example 2. The data on the distances traveled by 150 participants in the fund-
raising marathon “Takbo Para sa Kinabukasan” is given by the following table.
a. Find D4 b. Find D5

Distance(in km) Frequency(f)

19 – 21 12
16 – 18 17
13 – 15 26
10 – 12 32
7–9 29
4–6 18
1–3 16
N = 150
a. Find D4

Solution:
Step 1: Find the Lower boundaries(LB) by subtracting 0.5 units from the lower class
limit
Distance(in km) f LB
19 – 21 12 18.5
16 – 18 17 15.5
13 – 15 26 12.5
10 – 12 32 9.5
7–9 29 6.5
4–6 18 3.5
1–3 16 0.5
N = 150

Step 2: Find the Comulative Frequencies (<cf) by adding successively the

frequencies starting from the lowest to the highest class.

Distance(in km) Frequency(f) Less than cf

19 – 21 12 150
16 – 18 17 138
13 – 15 26 121
10 – 12 32 95
7–9 29 63
4–6 18 34
1–3 16 16
N = 150

Step 3: Locate D4 class

3
 4 (150)
D4 class: kN =
10 10
¿ 60
It means that the D4 class is the class interval where 60th distance is contained.

Distance F LB <cf
19 – 21 12 18.5 150
16 – 18 17 15.5 138
13 – 15 26 12.5 121
10 – 12 32 9.5 95
7–9 29 6.5 63 (35th – 63rd data) D4 class
<cf4b – 6 18 3.5 34
1–3 16 0.5 16
N = 150

Step 4: Identify the given

LB = 6.5 <cf b = 34 i = 19 – 16 = 3

N = 150 f Qk = 29 k =4

Step 4: Substitute the given to the formula

( )
kN
−cf b
10
Dk = LB+ i
fD k

( )
4 (150)
−34
10
D4 =6.5+ 3
29

D 4 =6.5+ ( 60−34
29 )
3

D4 =6.5+ ( 2629 ) 3
78
D 4 =6.5+
29

D4 =9. 19

Therefore, 40% of distance traveled by the participants is below or equal to 9.19.

4
b. Find for D5.

Solution:

Step 1 and 2: Find the lower boundary and the less than cf.
Step 3: Locate the D5 class.

5(150)
D5 class: kN =
10 10
¿ 75
The D5 class is the class interval where 75th distance is contained.

Distance F LB <cf
19 – 21 12 18.5 150
16 – 18 17 15.5 138
13 – 15 26 12.5 121
10 – 12 32 9.5 95 (64th – 95th data) D5 class
7–9 29 6.5 63
4–6 18 3.5 34 <cfb
1–3 16 0.5 16
N = 150

Step 4: Identify the given

LB = 9.5 <cf b = 63 i = 19 – 16 = 3

N = 150 f Qk = 32 k =5

Step 4: Substitute the given to the formula

( )
kN
−cf b
10
Dk = LB+ i
fD k

( )
5(150)
−63
10
D5=9.5+ 3
32

D 5=9.5+ ( 75−63
32 )
3

D5=9.5+ ( 1232 ) 3
36
D 5=9.5+
32

D5=10. 63

5
 Thus, 50% of the participants have traveled less than or equal to 10.63.

What’s More
After studying several discussions, examples, and activities, you are now
ready to do the activity.

Activity 3: Can you crack it?

Direction: Crack the code of a numerical lock that has 3 digit key by answering the
following problems involving decile. HINT: The code is arranged from lowest to
highest. Each code appears twice in the answers of the following problems.

A fruit dealer records the number of kilos he sells from Monday to Sunday and
obtains the following figures:

15 45 21 18 33 65 71
1. What is N?
2. Compute for D2
3k
3. Find
10
7k
4. Find
10
5. Compute for D4

Activity 4. Complete Me!

Daily allowance of 55 students
Class interval f
28 – 30 11
25 – 27 1
22 – 24 12
19 – 21 15
16 – 18 11
13 – 15 4
10 – 12 1
N = 55
Direction: Use the data on the daily allowance of 55 students to complete the table
below.
kN LB F <cf Computed
10 Value
D2

6
 D4
D5
D7
D9
What I Have Learned
Activity 5: Did you know?
Direction: Arrange the scrambled words in order to summarize the discussions in this
module. Write your answer on the provided answer sheet.

SILEDEC EAR SUREMEAS OF SIOPIONT

HICHW DDIVIE THE TES OF

SERVAOBNOITS TOIN ENT QUALE ARTSP.

HTE MULAFORS UESD FOR GROUPUNED

k (n+1)
AND EDROUPG ATAD RAE Dk =
10

( )
kN
−cf b
NDA 10 RESTIVEPECLY.
Dk = LB+ i
fD k

What I Can Do
This section of the module will test your understanding on decile of ungrouped
and grouped data by applying it to real- life situations.

Activity 6: Think and Work!

Direction: Analyze the following problems and work out on their answers. Show your
complete solution.

1. Anthony is one of the secretaries in the City of Pines. His salary is the 7 th decile.
Should Anthony be glad about his salary or not? Explain your answer.

2. Given below are the data on the number of individuals who lined up for the 9 days
Community Pantry of one Barangay in the City of Pines. What value divides the
members into two groups?

35 41 43 43 44 45 47 48 50

7
3. The table below shows the hourly wages of the 50 workers in Strawberry Farm.
Compute for D3 and D8 then interpret.

Hourly Wages of 50 Workers in Strawberry Farm

Class Interval F LB <cf

134 – 139 10 133.5 50
128 – 133 9 127.5 40
122 – 127 8 121.5 31
116 – 121 1 115.5 23
110 – 115 5 109.5 22
104 – 109 2 103.5 17
98 – 103 9 97.5 15
92 – 97 5 91.5 6
86 – 91 1 85.5 1
N = 50

Post-Assessment
DIRECTION:Read each item carefully. Choose the correct answer to the question
and write the letter that corresponds to your choice on your answer sheet. Use
CAPITAL LETTERS only! Write E if there is no answer from the choices.

1) What measure of position divides the distribution into 10 equal parts?

A. quartiles B. percentiles C. median D. deciles

2) Which of the following is equivalent to median?

A. D4 B. D5 C. D6 D. D7

3) How many percent corresponds to D3 if you will interpret it?

A. 3% B. 30% C. 60% D. 90%

4) What is the formula in finding the nth decile of ungrouped data?

kN k (n+1) k (n+1) k (n+1)
A. D k = B. Dk = C. Dk = D. Dk =
10 10 4 100

5) What is the 4th decile of the given test scores of nine students: 10, 20, 30, 40, 50,
60, 70, 80, and 90?
A. 20 B. 30 C. 40 D. 50

6) What is the 9th decile of the given data in number 5?

8
 A. 60 B. 70 C. 80 D. 90

7) What is the formula in finding the nth decile of grouped data?

( )
kN
−cf b
A. D = LB+ 10 i
k
fD k

( )
k
−cf b
B. D = LB+ 10
k i
fD k

( )
kN
−cf b
C. D = LB+ 100 i
k
fD k

( )
kN
−cf b
D. D = LB+ 10
k
fD k

8) What is i in the formula in finding the nth decile of grouped data?

A. interval B. width C. integer D. class

For items 9 – 12, use the given table below.

Scores F
31 – 35 3
26 – 30 4
21 – 25 12
16 – 20 6
11 – 15 10
6 – 10 3
1–5 2

9) What is the class width (i) of the given table?

A. 2 B. 3 C. 4 D. 5

10) What is the total frequency of the given table?

A. 10 B. 20 C. 30 D. 40

11) If you are going to solve for D7, what lower boundary are you going to use?
A. 20.5 B. 21 C. 16 D. 15.5
12) What is the value of D7?
A. 23.42 B. 23.40 C. 21.33 D.18.42

13) What is the interpretation of D7 in the item number 12?

A. 70% of the students got a score of 23.42 and below
B. 70% of the students got scores of 23.40 and below
C. 70% of the students got scores of 21.33 and below

9
 D. 70% of the students got scores of 18.42 and below

14) Mrs. Labonete gave a test to her students in Statistics. 2.5th decile of the
students finished their test in 35 mnutes alloted time. What does it mean?
A. 25% of the learners finished the test.
B. 75% of the class did not finish the test.
C. A and B
D. None of the above.

10