Fluid Mechanics

Unit-IV
Fluid Dynamics
Delivered by,
Prof. A.S. Gujrathi,
Assistant Professor,
SNJB’s K. B. Jain College of Engineering,
Chandwad
Syllabus

• Unit IV: Fluid Dynamics

• Euler’s equation of motion differential form and Navier Stokes equation,
Euler’s equation of motion along streamline, Bernoulli’s theorem and modified
Bernoulli’s theorem, stagnation pressure, HGL, TEL.
• Flow measurement - venturimeter, orifice meter, pitot tubes, static pitot tube,
introduction to coriolis flow meter, introduction to orifices, notches & weirs,
• Laminar flow - Entrance region theory, velocity and shear Stress distribution
for laminar flow through pipe, fixed parallel plates and Couette flow, velocity
profile of turbulent flow.
The Forces acting on the fluid
The Forces acting on the fluid
Euler’s Equation of Motion
Euler’s Equation of Motion
Bernoulli’s Theorem from Euler’s Equation

Assumptions made in Bernoull’s Theorem:-

1. Fluid is Ideal Fluid i.e. viscosity is zero.

2. Flow is steady flow.

3. Flow is incompressible in nature

4. The flow is irrotational flow

Navier’s Stokes Equation for real Fluids
Numerical
Numerical
Numerical
Bernoulli's Theorem for Real Fluids
Numerical
Numerical
Application of Bernoulli’s Theorem
Venturimenter
Venturimenter
Value of Venturi-head(h)
Value of Venturi-head(h)
Numerical
Numerical
Numerical
Numerical
Numerical
Orificemeter
Orificemeter
Numerical
Pitot Tube
Numerical
Pitot-Static Tube
 Coriolis Flow Meters
Coriolis Flow Meter, is a device that measures how much
liquid is flowing through a tube.
It measures the amount of mass flowing through the device.
In a coriolis flow meter the fluid is contained in a smooth tube,
with no moving parts that would need to be cleaned and
maintained, and that would impede the flow.
Using the coriolis effect that causes a laterally vibrating tube
to distort, a direct measurement of mass flow can be obtained
in a coriolis flow meter.
In Coriolis Flow Meter, the flow is guided into the U-shaped
tube. When an osillating excitation force is applied to the tube
causing it to vibrate, the fluid flowing through the tube will
induce a rotation or twist to the tube because of the coriolis
acceleration acting in opposite directions on either side of the
applied force.
This action causes the tube to twist.
This twist results in a phase difference (time lag) between the inlet side and the outlet side and this
phase difference is directly affected by the mass passing through the tube.
Coriolis Flow Meters
 Orifices and Notches
Orifices

Classification of the Orifices

Orifices
Flow through the Orifices
Hydraulic Co-efficients
Hydraulic Co-efficients
Hydraulic Co-efficients
Notches and wiers
Notches and wiers
Discharge over Rectangular Notch
Discharge over Triangular Notch
Thank You