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HW3 Engl
HW3 Engl
Assignment N°3
Question : The concepts presented in Truss analysis using stiffness method will be
extended and applied to the analysis of the BEAMS.
a) Derive the global member stiffness matrix for Beams. Show your steps for the
application of the Stiffness method for Beam analysis.
At node j : x = l → w jx =¿ (4)
1 T 1
σ ε → U = ∫ [ σ ] [ ε ] dV (7)
T
dU =
2 2
2
−Z∗∂ W X
with ; [ ε ] ¿ ε x = (8)
∂x
2
∂ W X ∂2 2 3
Or, = (a 1+ a2 x +a 3 x +a 4 x ) = 0+ 0+2 a3 + 6 a 4 x (9)
∂x ∂x
LET'S TALK : [ B ] =[ 0 0 26 x ]
1
U=
2
∫ (−E Z [ B ] [ A ] ⌈ ∆ ⌉ ) (−Z [ B ] [ A ] ⌈ ∆ ⌉ ) dv
T −1 T T −1
1 −1 T
∫ E Z [ A ] [ A ] [ B ] [ B ] ⌈ ∆⌉ ⌈ ∆⌉ dv
−1 T T
U=
2
1 −1 T
E [ A ] [ A ] ⌈ ∆ ⌉ ⌈ ∆ ⌉ ∫ [ B ] [ B ] dx ∫ Z 2 dydz (15)
−1 T T
U=
2
We know that the moment of inertia with respect to the Z axis is given by this formula :
I Z =∫ Z dA=∫ Z dydz (16)
2 2
[] [ ]
0 L
0000
0 [ 0 0 26 x ] 0000
∫ [ B ] T [ B ] dx = ∫ dx = ∫ 0 0 4∧12 x dx
0 0
2
0 0 0 6 x 36 x
[ ]
0000
0000
= 2 (17)
0 0 4 L∧12 L
2 3
0 06 L 12 L
[ ]
0000
1 −1 T 0000
U = EI ⌈ ∆ ⌉ [ A ] 2 [ A ] ⌈ ∆⌉
T −1
2 0 0 4 L∧12 L
2 3
0 0 6 L 12 L
1
[ A−1 ]= Adj A
⌈ A⌉
We know that :
P 2
F 1=F3 = = =1 KN
2 2
3
−1 P L −1 1
Y 2= =
EI 48 EI 3
θ1=−θ3
Note : We'll demonstrate the same result using the matrix method.
Strengths
- Known : M 1=M 2=M 3=0 et F2 =−2 KN
- Unknown : F 1 et F 3
The deformations
- Known : Y 1=Y 3 =θ2=0
- Unknown : θ1 , θ3et Y 2
Note : since the spans are symmetrical, i.e. the overall stiffness matrices of the bars are
also symmetrical.
[ F ] =[ K ][ U ]
Let's make a deduction from this 6x6 matrix to determine the deformations :
[ ] [ ][ ] [ ] [ ][]
−1
0 4 −6 0 θ 1 θ1 4 −6 0 0
1
−2 =EI −6 24 6 Y 2 → Y 2 = −6 24 6 −2 (1)
EI
0 0 6 4 θ3 θ3 0 6 4 0
[ ] [ ]
−1
4 −6 0 15 6 −9
1
Or −6 24 6 = 6 4 −6
24
0 6 4 −9 −6 15
[] [ ][ ]
θ1 15 6 −9 0
1 1
Equation (1) becomes : Y 2 = EI 24 6 4 −6 −2
θ3 −9 −6 15 0
−1 1
θ1=
EI 2
−1 1
Y 2=
EI 3
1 1
θ3=
EI 2
Let's calculate the remaining matrix of order 3x3 to determine the support
reactions :
[]
−1
[] [ ]
F1 2
6 −12 0 1
−1
−2 =EI 2 0 2
EI 3
F3 0 −12 −6
1
2
F 1=1 KN
F 3=1 KN
Example 2
Strengths
- Known : M 2=M 3=0 et F3 =−2 KN
- Unknown : F 1 , M 1 et F2
The deformations
- Known : Y 1=Y 2 =θ1=θ3 =0
- Unknown : θ2 et Y 3
[ F ] =[ K ][ U ]
Let's make a deduction from this 6x6 matrix to determine the deformations :
[ ] [ ]
−1
−3 −3
4 4
[ ]
0
−2
=EI
2 θ2
−3 3 Y 3
2 2
θ
→ 2=
1
Y 3 EI −3
2
[] [ ] 2
3
2
[−20 ] (1)
[ ]
−1
−3 2 2
4
2 5 5
Or =⌈ ⌉
−3 3 2 16
2 2 5 15
2 2
θ
Y3
1 5
Equation (1) becomes : 2 = ⌈
EI 2
5
[ ] [ ]
5 ⌉ 0
16 −2
15
−1 4
θ2=
EI 5
−1 32
Y 3=
EI 15
Let's calculate the remaining matrix of order 3x3 to determine the support
reactions :
[ ]
3 3
0 0
[]
2 2
F1 −4
−3 −3 1
M 1 =EI 0 ⌈ 5 ⌉
2 2 EI
F2 −32
−3
0 1 15
2
6
F1 = - KN
5
16
M 1= KNm
5
12
F2 = KN
5