MATEC Web of Conferences 147, 06003 (2018) https://doi.org/10.

1051/matecconf/201814706003
SIBE 2017

Development of Work Breakdown Structure (WBS) Standard for

Producing the Risk Based Structural Work Safety Plan Of Building
Vania Elsye ¹, vania_htj@yahoo.com , Yusuf Latief ¹and Leni Sagita¹

1 Civil Engineering Department, Engineering Faculty, University of Indonesia, Depok, West Java, 16424, Indonesia

Abstract. A construction project is inseparable from a series of tasks in the form of activities. Activities
that take place on a project can be disrupted due to various reasons, one of the causes of the
disruption of project activities are accidents on construction projects. The risk of workplace accidents
can be prevented with early identification and analysis of the potential danger that exist in every activity
contained in the project’s WBS. The need for a standardized WBS in preventing the risk of workplace
accidents is very important because it would present a risk assessment, impact and frequency arising
from workplace accidents. The aim of this study is to develop a risk-based WBS standard particularly
for structural work, by using a qualitative approach. The results of this research are WBS standard for
building, source of potentially dangerous risk at structural work,and the development of safety plan
using a risk-based WBS that has been standardized, as a form of prevention, reduction or even nullify
the risk of workplace accidents (to obtain zero accidents) during construction project implementation.

been grouped in a standard WBS, will be easier to

1 Introduction
Construction industry is a very unique
industry and more dangerous than other industries. The
construction sites are constantly changing and
temporary. Each construction sites involve of many sub
contractors and they perform different types of work in
close proximity to each other. The safety of workplace
is an essential component of efficiency and
productivity[6]. Construction workers, both staff and
field workers are protected assets in order to work
properly and productively until construction is
completed without any workplace accident (zero
accident). Workers need to be protected against the
threat of accidents and health in work. Occupational
safety measures are indispensable, both to workers and
to corporations and to their production. Workers must
follow safety-related regulations, in this case the OSH
program, as the OSH program is closely related to the
safety of the workers. A comprehensive OSH program
and self-awareness of workers is essential to reduce the
number of accidents [2].
Work accidents occurring on a project can
actually be minimized, if activities on the project are
well defined and each job can be placed at a level and
level corresponding to a standard WBS, WBS
constructing used during the project phase with a basic
scope that has been identified. Initially, WBS was
created with a restricted formation of scope, however
WBS will be reviewed in addition to scope
information developed or developed through complete
project-to-project analysis. To complete the description
of WBS and its application refers based on standard
practical guidance according to the principle used so
that will get high quality WBS [8], that is easy to
determine the amount of activity in project.
Each defined WBS level brings WBS to a
more complex level of activity, each activity that has
identify and mitigate its potential risks, so it is
important to develop a standard Work Breakdown
Structure (WBS) for the manufacture of safety based
risk [11] to obtain output that can be used as a
guideline for the implementation of construction.
2 Research Objectives
The objectives of this research are :
1. To develop of building standardized work
breakdown structure.
2. To identify a potentially dangerous source of
risk for structure work.
3. To develop safety plan using a risk-based
WBS that has been standardized.
3 Literature Review
3.1 Work Breakdown Structure
Work Breakdown Structure is a results -
oriented analysis of the work covered in a project
called the total scope of the project. WBS is a
fundamental document in project management as it
provides the basis for planning and managing the
schedules, costs and changes that occur. WBS serves as
a deliverable oriented tool [4]. WBS formulation
enables the project to be better in its definition, both in
terms of resources and the estimated time required to
complete the project to be further enhanced. However,
it is important to note that WBS projects change over
time, depending on the needs and constraints that the
project is experiencing [10].
WBS forms the basis for planning, estimating,
scheduling, monitoring, management and control of all
project activities. The proposed methods for
developing a deliverable are well defined and
comprehensive, and the importance of increasing the

© The Authors, published by EDP Sciences. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution
License 4.0 (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
MATEC Web of Conferences 147, 06003 (2018) https://doi.org/10.1051/matecconf/201814706003
SIBE 2017

probability of project success by ensuring that the best

resources applied to the project [12]. A standardized
WBS for the project is used to facilitate the preparation
of project financing and a standardized WBS is also
used to define project activities [1].
The best method of constructing WBS is the
hierarchically displayed decomposition of the entire
scope that the project team will undertake to complete
the project objectives and produce the intended work
output. In PMBOK 5th Edition, 2013 The planned
work at the bottom of the WBS called work package.
(deliverables) and not the activities.
3.2 Risk Management
Risk management is an important part of the
decision-making process in construction project
management, especially regarding integration, scope,
time, cost, quality, human resources, communications
and project procurement. Creating hierarchical risk
management with RBS can improve future project
prospects for identifying uncertainty and probabilities
[13]. Risk is considered a negative term, but in the
engineering construction industry in managing risks
that arise is necessary and implemented in a structured
way, knowledge of risk management, can nullify and
minimize risks occurring in construction projects [7].
3.3 Performance Concepts of
Occupational Safety and Health
Accidents occurring at construction sites may
result in serious physical injuries and accidents such as
people falling from altitudes and crashing material or
equipment, the cause of occupational accidents may
occur due to worker negligence and also undisciplined
workers in the project environment, preventive
measures against accidents should Implemented and
implemented, so that workers and top management will
raise awareness in preventing The workplace hazard
handling strategy for construction may introduce
potential hazards [5] , further investigation of frequent
hazards and may result in safety plans in construction
projects.
Safety Plan is a plan document containing
practical safety that can assist companies in avoiding
potential hazards and can control them in the best way
when in these hazardous conditions, the importance of
safety planning training during the planning, design
and implementation phase of a project because it is
able to minimize the risk of construction projects and
Can improve workers' safety.

4 Methodology

This research is using qualitative approach to achieve formulation of standardised WBS for building
construction. A survey and deep interview was also conducted by means of a structured questionnaire to contractor’s
experts who have had more than 20 years experiences in highrise building construction projects. Here in Figure 1. The
Research Flow, there is a sequence of implementation of this study.

Fig. 1. The Research Flow

4.1 Questionnaire  Questionnaire in phase I is with expert form

In this study there are 4 (four) questionnaires
to be made: questionnaires in stage I, II, questionnaires
in stage III, questionnaire at stage IV, and
questionnaire at stage V.
validation related to standard WBS level will
be done variable validation by expert first.
There is also the number of experts / experts
are 3-5 people with a minimum of 10 years

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MATEC Web of Conferences 147, 06003 (2018) https://doi.org/10.1051/matecconf/201814706003
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experiences in the field of high-rise Total

No Description
construction and education S1. The validation
process contains expert responses to agree / D3 2
disagree that variable X is an activity in high- S1 31
rise building.
 Questionnaires in phase II will be validated S2 2
variables by experts in advance related risk
factors that affect OSH. There is also the In homogenity test with Krusskal Wallis test, according
number of experts / experts are 3-5 people to position, work experience, and education, the result
with a minimum of 10 years experiences in is ho >0,05.
the field of high-rise construction and
education S1.Proses validation contains expert WBS research variables the standard derived from the
responses upon agree / disagree that the archive analysis of the WBS work package from 5 high
variable X effect on the risk of high building construction project data from the structural work
construction OSH. down to the top structure in the last 5 years there are 31
 After obtained a valid X variable by expert / work packages, and based on expert validation of the
expert, conducted phase III that is pilot survey potential risks that affect the performance of OSH 173
to know whether questionnaire made easy risk variables. Then the variable is defined in Table 2.
understood responder. Pilot survey is in the Research Variables as follows:
form of questionnaires to be distributed to 5-
10 respondents. Here is an example of a Table 2. Research Variables
RIS K VARIABLES
questionnaire in stage III. WBS LEVEL 6
INFLUENCING OS H
 Questionnaires in stage IV are used to obtain Activities
the highest risk factors that affect the quality Work Package: Land Clearing Method: Conventional
performance of high construction work. This (Land Work)
questionnaire will be distributed to
respondents who are / have worked in the Workers attacked
process of building high-rise project and wild animals in the
handling high building construction work with X1 area around land
experience of at least 5 years. Here is an clearing
example of a stage IV questionnaire.
Feet affected by
 Questionnaire at stage V is expert validation Clearing
hoe at the time of
aimed at soliciting expert responses related to X2
land clearing
the results of risk analysis while discussing
the causes, preventive actions, impacts, and Hands exposed to
corrective actions of the highest risk on the X3 sickle
process of implementing high-rise building
construction work. Here is an example of a Feet affected by
Land
stage V questionnaire. hoe at the time of
Alignment X4
land clearing
4.2 Respondent
Work Package: Land Clearing Method: Mechanical
A total of 35 respondents, the profile of Workers sprinkled
respondent is defined in Table 1. Profile of or doused with
Respondents as follows: X5
herbicide solution

Table 1. Profile of Respondents Tools crashing the

workers / facilities
No Description Total
around (backhoe)
Clearing X6
1 Position at the time of land
clearing
Staff/Engineering 28
Manager 6 Slip due to the
condition of the
> Manager 1 X7
steep soil
2 Work Experience
Accidents during
< 5 years 19 machine
X8
Land mobilization
5 - 10 years 7
Alignment
> 10 years 9 Tool crashing into
X9 nearby worker /
3 Education
facility (bulldozer

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RIS K VARIABLES RIS K VARIABLES

WBS LEVEL 6 WBS LEVEL 6
INFLUENCING OS H INFLUENCING OS H
Activities Activities
and combine M aterial regardless
harvester) at of the hook / sling
X27
ground level mobile crane is
broken
Work Package: Dewatering Tools crashing
Tool hit the worker X28 workers / facilities
/ facility around
X10
around(excavator) Workers fall into
X29
the excavation
Struck by a stone Landslide
X11 as a shade X30 excavation

Workers are Work Packages: Digging and Landing

Channel
dropped due to Landslides/side
Preparation X31
slippery area wall collapse
Slope
X12 conditions in the Workers fall due to
Reinforcement
channel slope
X32
preparation reinforcement
activity
Injured by Tools crashing
equipment X33 workers / facilities
X13
around
Excavation Workers fall into
X34
Excavation the excavation
crashing the Landslide
Excavation X14 worker / facility X35
excavation
around (backhoe) Workers fell /
Landscapes stumbled while
Worker fell into X36
throwing away the
X15 the excavation soil
Excavation Slope Landslides /
Landslide Reinforcement X37 collapse of side
X16 excavation walls
Tools crashing
Workers are X38 workers / facilities
electrocuted from around
X17 the pumping Excavation Workers fall into
Installation of machine wires X39 the excavation
submeasible Landslide
pumps Workers fall / slips X40
excavation
due to slippery Workers hit by
X18 conditions on X41 heavy equipment
pump installation (backhoe)
Landscapes
The leg is exposed
Workers exposed to the hoe while
to water runoff X42
M aking doing soil
X19 during the making discharges
Well Point
of well points
Exposed to dump
Workers fall due to X43 truck maneuvers
M aking slippery areas
X20
Well Test around the well

Transfer of Work Packages: S tockpiling and Compacting

X21
existing channel
X22 Stricken casing Stockpiling Workers fell /
Tools hit the and X44 clogged due to soil
X23 workers / facilities Compacting conditions
Channel around (excavator) Exposed swing
Preparation Injured because of X45
X24 excavator
equipment Exposed maneuver
Affected crane X46 dump truck
X25
maneuver
Hit the mobile Work Package: Anti Termite
X26
crane

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RIS K VARIABLES RIS K VARIABLES

WBS LEVEL 6 WBS LEVEL 6
INFLUENCING OS H INFLUENCING OS H
Activities Activities
Procurement Sprayed or doused cutting machine
and Installation with anti-termite (bar cutter or bar
X47
of Anti Termite solution bender)
Rebuild with a
Skin dermatitis due
Work Package: Deepth Foundation (Lower vacuum X69
to dust and smoke
S tructure)
Tools crashing into
Worker struck by a Installation of X70 nearby workers /
X48
stake tremie pipes for facilities
Worker picked up casting Pipe off / fall into
X49
sling crane X71 the boring hole
Erection Crushed pile casting drill
X50
during lifting Traffic congestion
The effect of noise due to the truck
X72
X51 on the surrounding mixer queue on the
environment Casting drill drill biting work
Fire due to leaking pole Tremie pipes
X52 jammed so
tube
Respiratory X73 concrete setting
disorders due to with casing
X53
exposure to
welding fumes Worker stricken
Pile Workers suffered Withdrawal of casing when
X74
Linking X54 burns due to burst the casing making withdrawal
tubes
Irritation to the eye Work Package: Test Pile
due to smoke Installation Injured by
X55 (Plunged into the of cross X75 equipment
hole during pole beam
connection) Overwritten
Loading X76
Workers fall into material
X56
the excavation Accident due to
M aking
Tools crashing boring tool
Test Well Drilling
X57 workers / facilities X77 collapsed and
pole
around overturned on
Workers fall while drilling work
doing lubrication Installation Wounded by
X58 of PDA X78 equipment
on the drilling tool
tools Test
Workers fall while Work Package: Diaphragm Wall
Drilling (Wash
X59 refueling the Tools crashing
Drilling / Dry
drilling machine X79 workers / facilities
Drilling) around
Drilling tools
X60 crashing into Grab soil Workers fall into
X80
workers / facilities the excavation
Road dirty / Landslide
X81
X61 slippery due to excavation
spilled soil Workers fall into
Worker struck by Landscapes X82 the pit
X62 reinforcement
Installation
Pouring Slurry
of Casing Eyes splashed or
Worker stricken Fluid X83
X63 watered solution
casing
Splashed or Precast Panel Overwritten
Drilling uses X64 flushed by fluid Installation X84 material precast at
mud fluid
lifting material
Cleaning of Skin dermatitis due Enlargement
X65
drill holes to dust and smoke Worker hands are
Eye irritation due exposed to a cut-
X66 X85
to smoke iron machine (bar
Spawning
Installation of Workers cutter or bar
X67
Bored Pile puntured iron bender) during
Repetition Worker hands are fabrication
X68
exposed to an iron X86 Working legs

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RIS K VARIABLES RIS K VARIABLES

WBS LEVEL 6 WBS LEVEL 6
INFLUENCING OS H INFLUENCING OS H
Activities Activities
wedged in iron lubrication on the
The hands of the drilling tool
workers is stabbed Workers fall while
X87 with wire refueling the
X104
The hands of drilling machine
workers exposed Accident due to
X88 boring tool
pliers when tying
the ring collapsed and
X89 Stumbled iron Drilling overturned on
Overwritten ground anchor
Formwork X105 work
X90
Workers are
hammered
X91
Workers fall down
Work Packages: Raft Foundation, Pile Cap,
X92 due to porous Tie Beam, Retaining Wall, Ramp,
Formwork wood
GWT/RWT
Workers are
X93 stricken with The iron
material
scaffolding is not
Punctured legs of X106
X94 solid
messy material Iron material falls
Legs scratched when lifting
X95
cluttered material Spawning X107
material with TC
Sprayed or sprayed Slip on the way up
X96
with concrete X108 the column
The concrete Worker hands
bucket fell off the X109 stabbed wire
TC due to the sling Workers hands hit
X97
severed so that it by pliers while
spilled over the X110
tying the ring
worker underneath
Triple iron
Concretion Traffic congestion X111
due to truck mixer
Overwritten
X98 queue at casting
X112 Formwork
job diapraghma
Workers are
wall
X113 hammered
Ready mix from
Workers fall down
concrete pump
X99 due to porous
spilled on workers X114
wood
Workers are
Work Packages: S oldier Pile, Contiguous Formwork
stricken with
Pile, S ecant Pile X115
material
Accident due to
Legs exposed nails
boring tool
dismantling
Drilling for collapsed and
X116 formwork form
concrete pile on overturned on
work
soldier pile X100 work Soldier Pile,
Contiguous Pile, Legs scratched
X117 cluttered material
Secant Pile
Pipe concrete
Drilling pump clogged then
Holes filled with X118 broke and exposed
bentonite pile
bentonite fluid left workers
on contiguous
X101 open not closed Overloaded
pile
sheeting tarpaulin concrete bucket
drops from TC due
Drilling for Concretion
X119 to slashed sling so
boneless The drilling mud
it spills over the
concrete on disposal is not
secant pile X102 worker underneath
considered
Traffic congestion
X120
Work Package: Ground Anchor
Due to truck mixer
Workers fall while
Soil drilling X121 queue at foundry
X103 performing

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RIS K VARIABLES RIS K VARIABLES

WBS LEVEL 6 WBS LEVEL 6
INFLUENCING OS H INFLUENCING OS H
Activities Activities
work raft Workers fall down
foundation, pile due to porous
X134
cap, tie beam, wood
retaining wall, Workers are
ramp, gwt / rwt stricken with
X135
Ready mix from material
Procurement &
concrete pump Feet punctured
Installation of X122
spilled on workers spikes former
Hook / sling TC dismantling
X136
disconnected when formwork top
transporting structures
Precast
precast raft Dropped while
Concrete
X123 foundation, pile installing
X137
cap, tie beam, formwork
retaining wall, Hook / sling TC
ramp, gwt / rwt disconnected when
Form wrok transporting
collapse on the X138
material formwork
installation of top structure
precast raft Form work
X124 foundation, pile X139 collapse
cap, tie beam, Workers fall from
retaining wall, altitudes when
ramp, gwt / rwt block work,
X140 columns, plates,
and upper structure
Workers fall from ladders
altitude on the Formwork /
installation of scaffolding falls
precast raft X141 and affects
X125 foundations, piles, workers / facilities
tie beam, retaining Scrubbed or
walls, ramps, gwt / X142 poured concrete
rwt Overloaded
concrete bucket
drops from TC due
X143 to slashed sling so
Work Packages: Columns, Beams, Plates,
it spills over the
Ladders, Core wall / S hear wall (Upper worker underneath
S tructure) Concretion
Traffic congestion
due to queue mixer
Worker hands are
queue on top
exposed to an iron X144
structure foundry
cutting machine work
(bar cutter or bar
X126 Ready mix of
bender) when
X145 concrete pump
manufacturing iron spilled on workers
for upper structure
Overwritten
Worker legs
precast concrete
X127 wedged in iron material
Slip on the way up
Spawning the column
X128 Worker hands
stabbed wire
Procurement &
X129 Installation of
Workers hands hit Precast
X146
by tweezers while Concrete
X130
tying the ring
Triple iron
X131
Overwritten
X132 Formwork
Formwork
Workers are
X133 hammered

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RIS K VARIABLES RIS K VARIABLES

WBS LEVEL 6 WBS LEVEL 6
INFLUENCING OS H INFLUENCING OS H
Activities Activities
Concretion Sprayed or sprayed
X163 with concrete
Overloaded
concrete bucket
drops from TC due
X164 to slashed sling so
it spills over the
worker underneath
Work Packages: Beams, Plates, Core wall / Traffic congestion
S hear wall (Roof S tructures) X165
Due to the truck
Worker hands are mixer queue at the
exposed to an iron X166 foundry work of
cutting machine the roof structure
(bar cutter or bar Overwritten
bender) when precast concrete
X147 fabricating iron for X167
material
roofing structures Hook / sling TC
disconnects when
Procurement & transporting
X168
Worker legs Installation of precast roofing
wedged in iron Precast material
Spawning Concrete Form work
X148
X169 collapse
Slipped when Workers fell from
X149 corewall firing the height during
Worker hands the installation of
X170 precast roof
X150 stabbed wire
Workers hands hit structure
by pliers while Workers exposed
X151 to sunlight while
tying the ring
Triple iron X171 working on the
X152 roof structure
Overwritten Workers fall from
Installation of
X153 Formwork height during
roof covers
Workers are X172 erection of roof
X154 hammered steel
Workers fall from
Workers fall down
altitude when
due to the wood
X155 X173 helipad plates
formwork porous
Workers are work
stricken with
X156 Data collection was carried out using questionnaire
material
Feet punctured nail survey to understand the perception of the
Formwork
used dismantled practitioners to the risk factors. Once the
X157 formwork roof probabilities and impacts are determined, the risk
structure score can be calculated with following :
Legs scratched R= Px I (1)
X158 cluttered material
Hook / sling TC Where R = risk factor, P = probability and I =
disconnected while
impact.
X159 transporting
material The probability and impact matrix or risk level
Form work matrix (Table 3 and Table 4) illustrates a risk rating
X160 collapse assignment for risk factors.
Workers fall from This analysis is done on the results of
the height when questionnaires given to respondents by using Likert
the work of the measurement scale. The probability value of the
X161
beam, and core occurrence of risk and the impact generated
wall roof structure multiplied to produce a number that can be made
Formwork / ranking of risk factors. The risk matrix shows the
scaffolding falls
combination of impact and probability as shown
X162 and affects
workers / facilities
below:

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Table 3. Probability Matrix

Grade 1 2 3 4 5
Probability Very Low M oderate High Very
Criteria Low High
Threats 0,10 0,30 0,50 0,70 0,90

Table 4. Impact Matrix

Grade 1 2 3 4 5
Impact No Less Quite Influen Very
Criteria Influ Influ Influen tial Influen
entia ential tial tial
l
Threats 0,05 0,10 0,20 0,40 0,80

5 Result and Discussion

The results of this study are as follows:

1. To answer RQ 1 found WBS Building Standard Building in Figure 2. WBS Standard For High Rise Building
a
s

s
h
o
w
n

Fig 2. WBS S tandard For High Rise Building

Level 1 is for the name of project, level 2 is work sections, preliminaries, struct ure, architecture, external
work, interior, mechanical and electrical works. Level 3 is for area, level 4 are for sub work sections among others soil
work, sub structure work, upper structure work, and roof work. Level 5 is for work package, level 6 is fo r activities,
and level 7 is for resources.
Risk Variables Influencing Lev
No Rank
2. To answer RQ 2 there is a potentially OSH el
hazardous source of risk and affect the
performance of OSH on Structural Work in
Table 5. Dominant Risk as follows: Landslide H
3 X16 excavation 5
Table 5. Dominant Risk
Risk Variables Influencing Lev Material regardless
No Rank of the hook / sling
OSH el 4 X27 16 H
Tool crashing into mobile crane is
nearby worker / broken
facility (bulldozer Hook / sling TC H
1 X9 23 H
and combine disconnected when
harvester) at ground transporting precast
5 X123 21
level raft foundation, pile
Worker fell into the H cap, tie beam,
2 X15 13
excavation retaining wall,

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Risk Variables Influencing Lev Risk Variables Influencing Lev

No Rank No Rank
OSH el OSH el
ramp, gwt / rwt concrete bucket
drops from TC due
Form work collapse H to slashed sling so it
on the installation spills over the
of precast raft worker underneath
6 X124 foundation, pile 15 Overwritten precast
cap, tie beam, 19 X167 20 H
concrete material
retaining wall, Hook / sling TC H
ramp, gwt / rwt disconnects when
20 X168 10
transporting precast
Workers fall from roofing material
altitude on the H
installation of 21 X169 Form work collapse 22
7 X125 precast raft 4 H Workers fell from
foundations, piles, the height during
tie beam, retaining 22 X170 the installation of 8 H
walls, ramps, gwt / precast roof
rwt structure
Workers are H Workers fall from H
8 X135 stricken with 24 height during
material 23 X172 7
erection of roof
Form work collapse H steel
9 X139 in uppers structure 18 Workers fall from
work 24 X173 altitude when 2 H
Workers fall from helipad plates work
altitudes when
10 block work, In the next discussion, we will answer the formulation
X140 1 H
columns, plates, of the second problem in this study that is the source of
and upper structure any risks that are potentially dangerous on the work of
ladders building structures. Based on 173 risk factors, there are
Formwork / H 24 dominant risk factors in every activity step which
11 scaffolding falls 11 have an effect on OSH performance in construction
X141
and affects workers project especially high rise building construction
/ facilities project. Where from 24 indicator variables belonging
Overloaded H to high level of risk dominant happened at Upper
concrete bucket Structure and Roof Structure that can decrease OSH
drops from TC due performance in similar project, while 111 indicator of
12 X143 19
to slashed sling so it variable of medium risk level, and 38 indicator of
spills over the variable belong to low category. From some of the
worker underneath above dominant risk events with a high level of risk
Overwritten precast level if related to the literature that has been obtained
13 X146 concrete material 17 H the author is as follows:

Hook / sling TC H a. The variable risk events X125, X140, X161,

disconnected while X170, X172, and X173, are risk factors for
14 X159 9
transporting accidents falling from a height or mired in a
material perforated place. The opinion by Expert who
15 14 H thinks that workers are still less aware of the
X160 Form work collapse
importance of occupational safety when working
Workers fall from at high altitude and there are also workers who
the height when the are still violating the rules to wear PPE (Personal
16 X161 work of the beam, 6 H Protective Equipment) such as helmets, glasses,
and core wall roof safety shoes , full body safety harness.
structure b. The variable risk events X141 and X162 are risk
Formwork / H factors formwork / scaffolding fall and override
scaffolding falls workers / facilities on the work of the roof
17 X162 3
and affects workers structure. The following analysis of possible
/ facilities causes of collapse from the use of scaffolding is
H the inability to accept the load to obtain maximu m
18 X164 Overloaded 12

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results in accordance with the designed, then the 3. To answer RQ 3 Preparation of Safety Plan using
use of raw materials with good quality becomes WBS standard is as follows, based on ROSHK in
absolutely necessary. attachment of Ministerial Regulation 05 / PRT /
c. The risk event X 135 on the installation of the M / 2014, and has been added with WBS level
hazard formwork fell from a height according to taken sample at some risk with high potential
Expert, the control measures undertaken were value in Table 6 Work Safety Plan Structure and
SOPs to work at altitudes, then creating a solid taken 3 highest risk for example as follow:
platform for workers, using rubber boots for
workers To avoid slipping while climbing the
formwork and monitoring the workers working at
altitude.
d. In the work involving Tower Crane on X27,
X123, X143, X159, X164, and X168 the dangers
of material falling according to Expert shall be
made of operational SOP tower crane, inspection
SOP, use, and maintenance of sling. the riggers
provide precise directions to the TC operator to
lower the material appropriately.

Table 6. Safety Plan For Structural Work

NO WBS WBS Level Hazard Probability Impact Risk S afety Risk Control
Level 5 6 Identification Level
(WP) (Activities)
X140 Upper Formwork Workers fall from Complete PPE for each worker
Structur on Upper altitude when Installing OSH signs
e Works Structure block work, M ake SOP pairs formwork
(Colum column, plates, upper structure
n, beam, and upper 0,288 Socializing OSH Program
0,35 0,55
plate, structure ladders.
core High
wall,
stairs)

X173 Roof Roof Workers fall from Complete safety equipment for
Structur Structure the heights when each worker
e Works the helipad plates Installing OSH signs
Beams, work
0,264
Plates,
0,297 0, 605
Core
High
wall /
Shear
wall

X162 Roof Roof Formwork / Check the installation of

Structur Structure scaffolding falls formwork
e Works Works and affects M ake SOP pairs of roof
Beams, Beams, workers / facilities 0,25 structure
Plates, Plates, Core on roof structure 0,314 0,25
Core wall / Shear work High
wall / wall
Shear
wall

6 Conclusion 6: Activity, and Level 7: Resources. WBS structural

work standards can be established according to the
Based on the results of testing and analysis classified level after collecting and analyzing data /
that has been done then it can be concluded as archives based on BOQ and RKS projects and have
follows: been validated by related experts.

a. Creating WBS building standards divided b. Identify potentially hazardous sources of

into 7 levels, Level 1: Project Name, Level 2: Work risk on structural work. There are 24 high risk risk
Section, Level 3: Zoning Area / Location, Level 4: event variables (X9, X15, X16, X27, X123, X124,
Sub Work Section, Level 5: Work Packages, Level X125, X135, X139, X149, X141, X161, X162,
X164 and X167, X168, X169 , X170, X172, X173)

11
MATEC Web of Conferences 147, 06003 (2018)
SIBE 2017
are identified to be the dominant risk in every stage
of the high rise building development process.
Having obtained the risk event variable is also
equipped with the risk response of each variable so
that the potential danger can be prevented / [7]
mitigated.
c. Preparation of safety plan by using risk
based WBS standard is completed and developed [8]
according to document of safety planning / ROSHK
Government Regulation PU 05 / PRT / M / 2014 at
occupational safety planning section for building [9]
construction work which can be used either as
assessment material of service provider auction
process and also as guide for contractors in the [10]
preparation of safety planning.
Acknowledgements [11]
The authors would like to express gratitude to Universit y
of Indonesia for granting a support through PITTA no
862/UN2.R3.1/HKP.05.00/2017 scheme in order to assist
the researchers in completing this research. [12]
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