GIRRAWEEN HIGH SCHOOL

YEAR 12 MATHEMATICS EXTENSION 2

TASK 2 2023
PROOFS ASSIGNMENT PART B
ANSWERS COVER SHEET

Student Number:
_______________________________________________________

QUESTION MARK MEX12-1 MEX12-2 MEX12-3 MEX12-4 MEX12-5 MEX12-6 MEX12-7 MEX12-8

1,2 /6 √ √ √ √

3,4 /10 √ √ √ √

5,6 /6 √ √ √ √

7,8 /7 √ √ √ √

9,10 /10 √ √ √ √

11-13 /12 √ √ √ √

TOTALS /51 / / / /
Year 12 Mathematics Extension 2 outcomes
A student:

MEX12-1 understands and uses different representations of numbers and functions to model,
prove results and find solutions to problems in a variety of contexts

MEX12-2 chooses appropriate strategies to construct arguments and proofs in both practical and
abstract settings

MEX12-3 uses vectors to model and solve problems in two and three dimensions

MEX12-4 uses the relationship between algebraic and geometric representations of complex
numbers and complex number techniques to prove results, model and solve problems

MEX12-5 applies techniques of integration to structured and unstructured problems

MEX12-6 uses mechanics to model and solve practical problems

MEX12-7 applies various mathematical techniques and concepts to model and solve structured,
unstructured and multi-step problems

MEX12-8 communicates and justifies abstract ideas and relationships using appropriate
language, notation and logical argument
 GIRRAWEEN HIGH SCHOOL
MATHEMATICS EXTENSION 2
HSC Task 2 Part B
2021
Proofs
Instructions:
*Working time: 55 minutes
*Write using black pen.
*Calculators approved by NESA may be used.
*A reference sheet is provided.
*Use the answer booklet provided. Show relevant mathematical reasoning and /or
calculations. Attempt all of Questions 1 –
*Marks may be deducted for careless or badly arranged work.
*Any results proven in an earlier question may be quoted.
Question Marks
(1) Prove by contraposition that if 𝑛2 + 4𝑛 is even, 𝑛 is even. 3

(2) Prove by contraposition that if 𝑛2 is not divisible by 9, 𝑛 is not 3

divisible by 3.

(3) Prove by contradiction that log 3 17 is irrational. 3

(4) (a) Prove by contradiction that √11 is irrational. 4

(b) Prove by contradiction that if 𝑎 + 𝑏√11 = 𝑐 + 𝑑√11, 𝑎, 𝑏, 𝑐, 𝑑 ∈ 𝑍, 3
then 𝑎 = 𝑐 and 𝑏 = 𝑑.

(5) (a) Prove that the product of any two consecutive even numbers is 2
divisible by 8.
(b) Hence prove that 32𝑛 − 1 is divisible by 8, 𝑛 ∈ 𝑍 + . 2
 Part B continues on the following page

Part B (continued)
Question Marks
(6) Prove for any 3 digit number 𝑝𝑞𝑟, if the sum of 𝑝, 𝑞 and 𝑟 2
is divisible by 9, 𝑝𝑞𝑟 is divisible by 9.

(7) (a) Prove 𝑎2 + 𝑏 2 + 𝑐 2 ≥ 𝑎𝑏 + 𝑎𝑐 + 𝑏𝑐 ∀ 𝑟𝑒𝑎𝑙 𝑎, 𝑏, 𝑐. 2

(b) Prove if 𝑎2 + 𝑏 2 + 𝑐 2 = 𝑎𝑏 + 𝑎𝑐 + 𝑏𝑐 then 𝑎 = 𝑏 = 𝑐. 2

(8) If 𝑎2 + 𝑏 2 = 1, prove −√2 ≤ 𝑎 + 𝑏 ≤ √2. 3

(9) If 𝑎, 𝑏, 𝑐 are the sides of a triangle, prove that

𝑎2 − 𝑏 2 − 𝑐 2 < 2𝑏𝑐 3

𝑎 𝑏
(10) (a) If 𝑎, 𝑏 > 0, prove + ≥ 2. 1
𝑏 𝑎
1 1 1
(b) If 𝑎, 𝑏, 𝑐 > 0, prove (𝑎 + 𝑏 + 𝑐) ( + + )≥9 2
𝑎 𝑏 𝑐

(c) If also 𝑎 + 𝑏 + 𝑐 = 2, prove that

1 1 1 9
(i) + + ≥ . 1
𝑎 𝑏 𝑐 2
𝑎 𝑏 𝑐 9
(ii) + + ≥ 3
𝑏𝑐 𝑎𝑐 𝑎𝑏 2
(11) Prove by induction that 11𝑛 ≥ 2𝑛 + 32𝑛 , 𝑛 ∈ 𝑍 + 4

(12) Prove that 5𝑛 > 𝑛 + 3, 𝑛 ∈ 𝑍 + 4

(13) If 𝑇1 = 8 and 𝑇𝑛 = 5𝑇𝑛−1 − 12, prove by induction that 4

𝑇𝑛 = 5𝑛 + 3.

END OF PART B