Science 5

Science – Grade 5
Quarter 4 – Self Learning Module 7: Factors Affecting the Amount of Soil
Carried Away!

First Edition, 2020

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Published by the Department of Education Division of Pasig City

Development Team of the Module

Writer: Arnel J. Orido
Editor: Mrs. Helen Jagmis
Reviewer: Arnel J. Orido
Illustrator:
Layout Artist: Margie A. Rosario
Management Team: Ma. Evalou Concepcion A. Agustin
OIC-Schools Division Superintendent
Carolina T. Rivera, CESE
OIC-Assistant Schools Division Superintendent
Manuel A. Laguerta EdD
Chief, Curriculum Implementation Division

Education Program Supervisors

Librada L. Agon, Ed. D., EPP/TLE

Liza A. Alvarez, Science
Bernard R. Balitao. Araling Panlipunan
Joselito E. Calios, English
Norlyn D. Conde Ed. D., MAPEH
Wilma Q. Del Rosario, LRMS
Ma. Teresita E. Herrera, Ed. D., Filipino
Perlita M. Ignacio, Ph. D. ESP/SPED
Dulce O. Santos, Ed. D., Kinder/ MTB
Teresita P. Tagulao, Ed. D., Mathematics

Printed in the Philippines by Department of Education – Schools Division of

Pasig City
 Science 5
Quarter 4
Self Learning Module 7
Factors Affecting the Amount of Soil
Carried Away
Introductory Message

For the facilitator:

Welcome to the Science Grade 5 Self Learning Module 7 on Factors Affecting the
Amount of Soil Carried Away!
This Self Learning Module was collaboratively designed, developed and reviewed by
educators from Schools Division Office of Pasig City headed by its Officer-In-Charge
Schools Division Superintendent, Ma. Evalou Concepcion A. Agustin in partnership
with the Local Government of Pasig through its mayor, Honorable Victor Ma. Regis
N. Sotto. The writers utilized the standards set by the K to 12 Curriculum using the
Most Essential Learning Competencies (MELC) while overcoming their personal,
social, and economic constraints in schooling.

This learning material hopes to engage the learners into guided and independent
learning activities at their own pace and time. Further, this also aims to help learners
acquire the needed 21st century skills especially the 5 Cs namely: Communication,
Collaboration, Creativity, Critical Thinking and Character while taking into
consideration their needs and circumstances.

In addition to the material in the main text, you will also see this box in the body of
the module:

Notes to the Teacher

This contains helpful tips or strategies that
will help you in guiding the learners.

As a facilitator you are expected to orient the learners on how to use this module.
You also need to keep track of the learners' progress while allowing them to manage
their own learning. Moreover, you are expected to encourage and assist the learners
as they do the tasks included in the module.
For the learner:

Welcome to the Science Grade 5 Self Learning Module 7 on Factors Affecting the
Amount of Soil Carried Away!
The hand is one of the most symbolized part of the human body. It is often used to
depict skill, action and purpose. Through our hands we may learn, create and
accomplish. Hence, the hand in this learning resource signifies that you as a learner
is capable and empowered to successfully achieve the relevant competencies and
skills at your own pace and time. Your academic success lies in your own hands!

This module was designed to provide you with fun and meaningful opportunities for
guided and independent learning at your own pace and time. You will be enabled to
process the contents of the learning material while being an active learner.

This module has the following parts and corresponding icons:

Expectation - These are what you will be able to know after

completing the lessons in the module

Pretest - This will measure your prior knowledge and the

concepts to be mastered throughout the lesson.

Recap - This section will measure what learnings and skills that
you understand from the previous lesson.

Lesson - This section will discuss the topic for this module.

Activities - This is a set of activities you will perform.

Wrap Up - This section summarizes the concepts and

applications of the lessons.

Valuing - This part will check the integration of values in the

learning competency.

Posttest - This will measure how much you have learned from
the entire module.
 EXPECTATIONS

This Self Learning Module will focus mostly on demonstrating and explaining
how certain factors affect the amount of soil carried away.
After going through this Self Learning Module, you are expected to:
1. Demonstrate how certain factors affect the amount of soil carried away;
a. slope of the land
b. strength and volume of running water
c. presence of land crops
d. dryness and size of soil particles
2. explain how these factors affect the amount of soil in a certain place; and
3. appreciate the importance of erosion.

PRETEST

Directions: Choose the letter of the correct answer. Write your answer on a
separate sheet of paper.

1. It is the breaking down of rocks into fragments?

A. erosion
B. flooding
C. runoff
D. weathering

2. It is the transfer of weathered rocks to other places?

A. erosion
B. disintegration
C. quarrying
D. weathering

3. What do you call the process by which humans extract stones from the
mountains for construction process?
A. digging
B. flattening
C. mining
D. quarrying

4. What will happen to a rock when it is exposed to higher temperature?

A. contracts
B. evaporates
C. expands
D. sinks
5. An open-pit mine where rocks can be extracted?
A. landfill
B. open-field
C. reservoir
D. quarry

RECAP

Let us try to check if you can still recall our previous topic, by doing this
simple activity to help you freshen up your mind. Ready? Get your notebook or your
paper and pen then be ready to record or write your answer.

Directions: Chose the letter of the correct answer.

1. Metamorphic rocks change to igneous rock by

A. breaking
B. cooling
C. layering
D. melting

2. Rocks pass through various changes called

A. rock story
B. rock cycle
C. rock history
D. mineral cycle

3. A rock cycle tells how a rock was

A. classified
B. examined
C. formed and change
D. taken from the soil

4. The continuous breaking up of rock is called

A. erosion
B. landslide
C. siltation
D. weathering

5. Which agent bring weathering on rocks?

A. electricity
B. light
C. temperature
D. waste

Very Good! You can still remember our previous lesson. Now, let us proceed
with our new topic and learn more about the effects of heat and electricity on objects
and people.
 LESSON

Look at the picture. What can you say about the tree?

The roots of the tree in the picture were once covered with soil. Later on,
rainwater and other forces washed and carried away the soil. The soil has been
eroded by running water and forces. The carrying away or moving of soil from one
place to another by some forces is called Soil Erosion.
Are there places in your community that have been eroded? What factors bring
about soil erosion in your place?

Factors Affecting the Amount of Soil Carried Away

a. Erosion on a Slope of Land

Figure 1: Forest Roadside Erosion

https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Forest_roadside_erosion_DSC_5134.jpg

Where do you think will more soil be eroded, from a flat surface or from
a slope?
Residents living on a hillside or on a mountainside experience greater
erosion of soil than those living on a plain or plateau. They suffer more
landslide which causes damage to properties and loss of lives.
 b. Strength and Volume of Running Water

Figure 2. Eroded river banks caused by running water

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Soil_erosion

The force of the flowing water causes the river banks to erode. When there is
heavy rain, the force of the flowing water increases. This causes more soil to get
eroded. Eventually, the river will become wide. It will also become shallow due to
the deposition of soil in the riverbed.

c. Presence of Land Crops

Figure 3. Peanut Crops

http://www.freestockphotos.biz/stockphoto/10138

Do you know the plant in the picture above? This is a peanut plant.
This root crop creeps and covers the ground. Even when it rains heavily,
the soil won’t erode that much because the roots of the plants absorb
and hold the water. They keep the soil intact.
Plants along the riverbanks will help prevent or at least minimize the
erosion along the area.
 d. Dryness and Size os Soil Particles

Figure 4. A road cut that contains big and small rocks and soil
https://www.nps.gov/articles/glacialtillandglacialflour.htm

The amount of soil eroded by water also depends on the dryness and
size of soil particles. Some soil particles erode easily. Big, dry, and coarse
soil particles absorb more water and they stick together when wet.

ACTIVITIES

Activity 1: Sloppy Slope!

Directions: Observe the illustration below. Pan A with soil is placed in a flat
surface while Pan B with soil is placed in a tilted surface. If we put or pour the same
amount of water in the pan. What do you think will happen? Answer the following
questions.

Questions:

1. Which pan will lose more soil particle?

________________________________________________________________________
 2. What could have caused the difference?

___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________

3. Is it advisable to build your house on a slope? Why?

________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________

Activity 2: Volume Please?

Directions. Observe the Illustration. Both pan contains soil on it. You are
going to apply the same amount of water on the soil by using a pitcher and a
sprinkler. What do you think will happen? Answer the following questions.

Pan A Pan B
Questions:
1. Compare the amount of soil that has been washed away from each pan.
From which pan was more soil washed away?
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
2. What do you think is the effect of the water from the sprinkler and the
pitcher when poured in the pans with soil?
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________

Activity 3: Planting Time!

Directions: Observe the Illustration. There are two pans with both soil. Pan A
contains soil only, while Pan B contains soil with grass. Both pans will be poured
with water of the same amount and the same force. What do you think will
happen? Answer the following questions.

Pan A Pan B
Questions:

1. What pan will produce more soil that will be eroded?

___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
2. What is the effect of the grass in Pan B?
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
3. Can trees really prevent soil erosion in mountains? Why?
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________

WRAP UP

Directions: Fill up the following columns, by giving the correct ideas needed in the
following questions.

Good effects of Soil Erosion Bad effects of Soil Erosion

VALUING

According to PAG-ASA, our country will experience La Niña this year 2021,
which we all know that it will bring lots of rain that can cause soil erosion, flash
floods and landslides. As a Grade 5 pupils, how will you help in the prevention of soil
erosion in your community?

___________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________
 POSTTEST

Direction: Choose the letter of the correct answer.

1. In which landform is soil easily eroded?

A. mountain
B. plain
C. plateau
D. valley

2. Which of the following causes soil erosion?

A. air
B. plants
C. rocks
D. water

3. When you sweep the floor, you get some dust on it. Why?
A. Dust can fly.
B. Dust stick to the broom.
C. The dust stay on the floor.
D. The wind can carry the dust.

4. What happens to the soil when there is a strong wind?

A. The wind keeps the soil.
B. The wind blows the soil.
C. The soil flows to the river.
D. The soil is carried to the mountain.

5. Which of the statements below is NOT true about soil erosion?

A. Housing projects contribute to soil erosion.
B. Moving animals do not contribute in soil erosion.
C. More soil particles are carried away by running water.
D. The steeper the slope of the land, more soil particles are carried away by
running water.
 KEY TO CORRECTION

B 5. C 5. D 5.
B 4. D 4. C 4.
D 3. C 3. D 3.
D 2. B 2. A 2.
A 1. B 1. D 1.

POST TEST RECAP PRE-TEST

References
BOOKS
Evelyn T> Sarte. et.al, 2016. Science Beyond Borders 5. Vibal Group Inc.
Franco, Dr.Aurora A. 2014. Exploring the World of Science. Adriana
Publishing Co. Inc.

ON LINE SOURCES
https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Forest_roadside_erosion_DSC_5134.jpg
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Soil_erosion

http://www.freestockphotos.biz/stockphoto/10138
https://www.nps.gov/articles/glacialtillandglacialflour.htm