كتاب الحكومة الذكية ما بعد الحكومة الالكترونية

+
?vv vPyG ?vv| (vwJyG

? +!hQAwy]G ?|(wJyG Og< 9|
+
? vPyG ?| (wJyG
? +!hQAwy]G ?|(wJyG Og< 9|
nT9U) b4
h OG E
ZE=XQD9 Y9X2 bQC: bG

G eG .e
AGO$ G
?*DQyG ?=I9Y J 9|(wJyG {v )yE H 9AwyG GP$ j O$C

uv+vtvJvAvy 9v%v@9v!9vwv|Eh 9v$OQG(v| Qv}vDvAvTv@ ,vAvyGh ,?v+vzv=vtvAvTv}vyG
x
Qv*(vavAvy J9v|(vzvgv}vyG J9v+v"vtv@ QvMvTv@h ,hv}vAvGv}vyG aGOv$C
#v+v"v_G(v}vyG ?v|OvLh 9 _h}G ?vgvpQ {vFC #v|
,f v 9%
, v vFGOC
. ~$O9gSEh
?v+v_GQvshQv+v=vyG J v 9|(vwvJvyG {vv )vyE H v v9AwvyG j v O$C 9v}vv

k
,v , 9$O(F(y 9=S9"| #|RyG Og* ~y ,AyG , ?*RvQ}yGh
k
QvZvf ,vp Oy GPv$ #v| [vzvMvAvzvy 9v%vy GRvqvJv|
AG v G ( wv*
f v
. E*OJyG ?+@9|(zg}yG
J9 *(AJ}yG
25 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ?vvvv|Ovt}yG
33 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (
?vvvI Aq}yG J9vvvvv 9 =yG :dh !+ } G {ZqyG
35 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . v v
? | O t }y G
37 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ``DATA'' J9!9+=yG e(%q|
38 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ? I Aq } y ( G J9!9+=yG e(%q|
40 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ?I Aq}y ( G J9!9+=yG O9=|
40 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . + (
? | wJy G J9|(zg}yG ?I9@ IQWgyG O9=}yG
45 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ?I Aq}y ( G J9!9+=zy +
u =aAy Gh b9a"yG
46 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ?tzj}y Gh ?I Aq}y ( G J9qz}yG k+Y
51 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ?I Aq}y ( G J9!9+=zy ?|9f J9qYG(|
53 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ? S9 Ty + G ,p 9%+zf U(Z"}yG e9wI}G
58 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . + (
? | wJy G ?I Aq}y ( G J9!9+=zy ?+!hQAwyE hs G(|
9
J9*(AJ}yG 10
61 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ?+|(wJyG J9!9+=yG RvQ| :,!9DyG {ZqyG
63 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ?|Ot}y G
63 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . J9!9+=yG RvQ|
64 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . J9!9+=yG RvQ| ?+}$ C
64 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ,|(wJy G J9!9+=yG RvQ|
66 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ,|(wJy G J9!9+=yG RvQ| ?+}$ C
67 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ,|(wJy G J9!9+=yG RvQ| 9* R| G
67 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ,|(wJy G J9!9+=yG RvQ| 9%|Ot* ,Ay G J9|OMyG
68 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ?}M]y G ?+|(wJy G J9!9+=yG
69 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . )Big Data( IQ+=wyG J9!9+=yG >+t"Ay G ?+q+v
70 . . . . yBig Datazv v zy 9%y9}gAS G O"f J9|(wJyG 9%%F (@ ,Ay G G {v9W}y G
71 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ?+|(wJy G J9!9+=yG J9t+=a@ )zf ?+<9sQy G JGAGQF G
73 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ?vvvvvvvv+vPyG IRvvvvvvvv%F}G :Ey9DyG {ZqyG
75 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ?|Ot}y G
77 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . r@9%y G e(%q|
77 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . d9t"yG r@9%y G
80 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ?+vPy r@ (%y G G G
81 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ?+vPy r@ (%y G G G JGR+}|
86 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ??+vPyG r @ (% y # |G G eOMAT}yG O * Q* GP9|
88 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ?d(}J}yG H(S9JyG QZf ?*9%! #| 9"<QAs {$ G
89 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ?+vPy G r@ (%y G G Y9as )y E &GA@ ?g"Z}y G J9vQWyG
92 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ?<9GAS: h*QS >*(y ~+}Z@ G G

11 ? +!hQAwy]G ?|(wJyG Og< 9| .. ?+vPyG ?|(wJyG
93 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9$OFG(ph y CSSz v vyG e(%q|

94 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ?<9GAS:G h*QTyG ~+}ZAyG ?+}$C H9=SC
95 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . + (
? <9JTyG ?=S JyG :h<GQyG {ZqyG
97 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ?|Ot}yG
98 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Cloud Computing ?+<9JTyG ?=S(JyG e(%q|

99 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ?+<9JTyG ?=S(JyG J9t=_
101 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Cloud Computing ?+<9JTyG ?=S(JyG {}f ?+yB
102 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ?+<9JTyG ?=S(JyG J9!(w|
103 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ?+<9JTyG ?=S(JyG LP9}!

k
104 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ?*O+ztAyG ?=S(Jy9< ?!Q9t| ?+<9JTyG ?=S(JyG OFG(p
106 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ?+<9JTyG ?=S(JyG eGOMASG Q9WA!G 9*GR|
107 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ?+<9JTyG ?=S(JyG &FG(@ ,AyG J9*OJAyG

q
109 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ?+<9JTyG ?=S(JyG ?|OL G(|Ot* #| ~$C
110 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ?+<9JTyG J9|OMyG )zf ?zD|C
113 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ? +!hQvAwy G (
?vv| wJyG :U|9MyG {ZqyG
115 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ?|Ot}yG
117 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ?v v +!hQAwy G ?|(wJyG IzW!
118 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ?+!hQAwy G ?|(wJyG IzW! {IGQ|
119 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ?+!hQAwy G ?|(wJzy ?qzAM}yG r*Q9gAyG
123 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . : ?+!hQAwy q
G ?|(wJyG #f ?qzAM| J9+}T|
123 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ?+!hQAwy G ?|(wJyG H|9!Q< aGO$C

*(AJ}yG
J9 12
128 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ?+!hQAwy G ?|(wJyG ?*DQ O9g<C
130 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ?+!hQAwy G ?|(wJyG LP9}!
133 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ?+!hQAwy G ?|(wJyG ,p ?|OMAT}yG J9+"tAyG
133 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . IQFGOyG {LGO eOMAT@ ,AyG J9+"tAyG
138 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . B!QA! G )zf eOMAT@ ,AyG J9+"tAyG
147 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ?+!hQAwy G ?|(wJyG M9G! {|G(f
151 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ?+!hQAwy G ?|(wJzy ?+}+d"AyGh ?*QGO G J9=zaA}yG
154 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ?+!hQAwy G ?|(wJyG A9"< J9=zaA|
162 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ?+!hQAwy G ?|(wJyG A9"< {IGQ|
168 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ?+!hQAwy G ?|(wJyG e9TsC
177 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . aO%AT}yG ?+!hQAwy G ?|(wJyG LP(}!
180 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ?+!hQAwy G ?|(wJyG ?8+$
181 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ?+!hQAwy G ?|(wJyG ?8+%y Q(a}yG ,z+jWAyG {}gyG LP(}!
183 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . +
?vvvv vPyG ?| wJyG ( :SO9TyG {ZqyG
185 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ?|Ot}yG
188 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ?+vPyG IR%F}G d9G| ,p ?+F(y("wAyG JGQ(aAyG
189 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ?+vPyG ?|(wJyG IzW!
192 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ?+vPyG ?|(wJyG e(%q|
193 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ?+vPyG ?|(wJyG OFG(p RQ<C
194 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ?+vPyG ?|(wJyG J9}S RQ<C
194 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ?+vPyG ?|(wJyG J9|OL #| IO+qAT}yG aGQ_}G
194 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ?+vPyG ?|(wJyG J9|OL QY9"f

195 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ?+vPyG ?|(wJyG AGOC JG QV||
197 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Internet of Things (IoT ( A9+V}G B!QA!E
199 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . A 9+V}G B!QA!E OFG(p
203 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ?+vPyG ?|(wJyG JG R+}|
204 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ?+vPyG ?|(wJyG aG O$C ~$C
205 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ?+vPyG ?|(wJyG )yE d(JAyG {IGQ|
206 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ?+vPyG ?|(wJyG )yE d(JAyG JG (aL
208 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ?+vPyG ?|(wJyG )yE d(JAyG J 9"w}|
209 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ?+vPyG ?|(wJyG )yE d(JAyG u*Q_ ?_Q9L

q
211 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . : ?+vPyG ?|(wJyG )yE ,"tAyG d(JAyG {IGQ|
?+vPyG ?|(wJyG 9%zLO@ ,AyG ?|9gyG J 9"+TJAyG
214 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ?+!hQAwy G ?|(wJyG )zf
215 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ?+vPyG ?|(wJyG e (%q| d(I ?8_9MyG Q9wp}G ^g<
216 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ?+vPyG ?|(wJyG ,p J;|9gAyG &FG(@ ,AyG J 9*OJAyG
219 . . . . . . . . . . . +
? vPyG ?| wJyG J9|OL J9 F @h J9 ( % ( *(yhC :h<9TyG {ZqyG
221 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ?|Ot}yG
221 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ?+vPyG ?|OMyG J 9*(yhC O*OJ@
223 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ?+vPyG J 9|OMyG e (%q|
224 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ?+vPyG J 9|OMyG 9%zLO@ ,AyG J 9"+TJAyG YG(! C
228 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ?+vPyG IR%F}G Q=f ?+vPyG J 9|OMyG ?|A;| i O|
229 . . . . . . . . . . . . . d (JAzy 9%A+z<9sh 9%A+I;Y O*OJ@h ?+vPyG J 9|OMyG Q9+ALG
231 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ?+vPyG IR%F}G J 9t+=a@ {+Y(@ JG ("s

*(AJ}y
J9 G 14
231 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ?+@(ZyG JG("tyG
232 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . JGQ9V G d9SQE I9"s
232 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . J9!9+=yG I9"s
233 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ?+vPyG J9|OMzy &<9g+ASGh Q(%}GyG eGOMASG
234 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ?+vPyG ?|(wJzy YGO< G RvQ|
236 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ?+vPyG ?|(wJzy ?+G+@GQAS:Gh ?+"tAyG J9%F(AyG RQ<C
243 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . +
? vPyG ?| wJyG J9t =a@ ?G|Q< J9 FGh : ( + % #|9Dy G {ZqyG
245 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ?|Ot}yG
246 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . J9t+=aAyG ?G|Q< J9%FGh e(%q|
247 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . J9t+=aAyG ?G|Q< J9%FGh M9G! {|G(f
249 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . eGOMAS:G ?y(%Sh eOMAT}yG ?%FGh
251 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . u+=aAyG ~GJ< uzgA* 9| ,p 9$PLC >G* ,AyG JGQ9=Af:G
255 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . y?zt"A}yG IR%F}G Q=fz ,vPyG i(AJ}yG
259 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . + (
? vPyG ?| wJyG M9G y ? Q J}yG QY9 gyG :hS9AyG {ZqyG " *( "
261 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ?|Ot}yG
262 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ?+vPyG ?|(wJyG M9G"y ?*Q(J}yG QY9"gyG
265 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ?+vPyG ?|(wJyG (J! d(JAyG #| IOF9gyG OFG(qyG
268 . . . . . . . . . . . ?zt"A}yG ?+|(wJyG J;|9gAyG #| #_G(}yG )zf IOF9gyG OFG(qyG
268 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ?zt"A}yG ?+|(wJyG J;|9gAyG Q(a@ {IGQ|
?|9gyG ?zt"A}yG ?+|(wJyG J;|9gAyG J9"+TJ@ YG(!C

v
270 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ?+!hQAwy G ?+|(wJyG J;|9gAyG )zf ?zLO}yG
271 . . . . . . . . . . ?zt"A}yG ?+|(wJyG J;|9gAyG #f ?+}+$9q}yG J9J+\(AyG ^g<

r o
272 . . #_G(}yG O9gS ?+pQg}yGh ?+fGO< G J9"w}}zy ?+vPyG ?|(wJyG Q+MT@
p
274 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ?}+tyG h"Yh J9|(wJyG
v
275 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . J9|(wJzy ?+a}"yG Q(ZyG
276 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ?+"_(yG JGO"F}G Q9_E ,p ?+|(wJyG J9+G+@GQAS G
277 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ?+vPyG ?|(wJyG J9t+=a@ d(I JGO9VQE
278 ........................... Native Applications y z ?z+Y}G J9t+=aAyG
278 ............ y Native Platforms z )?z+Y}G J9Z"}yG( ?+S9S}G ?}d!}G
280 ................................................. ?+vPyG >*(yG J9t+=a@
?+vPyG J9|OMyG ~*Ot@ JGQ9+My ?+Z+Mz@ ?!Q9t|
284 ....................................... y HTML5 h ?z+Y}G J9t+=aAyGz
285 ........... +
? vPyG ?| wJyG J9| zg| ( ( , * p ? QTyGh #}
| G :QV9gyG {ZqyG
287 .............................................................. ?|Ot}yG
288 ................................................ J9|(zg}yG #|C e(%q|
289 ..................................... J9|(zg}yG #|} ?+S9S}G O9=}yG
291 ..................... J9|(zg}yG ?8+< ,p JGAGOAf:Gh Q_9M}yG J9$9G@G
294 ....................................... ?|(wJyG J9|(zg| ?*9}I O9=|
299 .................................................. ?+vPyG J9|OMyG #|C
310 ......................................... ?+vPyG J9t+=aAyG [Jp Q=AM|
313 ............ ?+vPyG J9|OMyG #|C Q+<GO@h ?TS|}yG i(AT| )zf Q_9M}yG
314 ..................... H|GQ=yGh J9t+=aAy9< ?tzgA}yG JGQ*PJAyGh Q_9M}yG
317 ....................................... IR%F}9< uzgA@ Q*P9J|h Q_9M|
327 ...................................................... ,vPyG hpOyG #|C

*(AJ}yG
J9 16
JGQ9| G ?yhO ,p ?+vPyG ?|(wJyG :QWf jO9JyG {ZqyG
329 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . IOJA}yG +
? <QgyG
331 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ?|Ot}y G
338 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . +
? vPy ?| wJy G ( G aGO$C u+tJAy ?+"_(yG ?aMy G
340 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . +
? vPy G JGQ9| G (
?| wI u Q_ ?_ 9L * Q
341 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . +
? v Py G JGQ9| G ?| wJy ( jO9VQ G +
{ yO y G
342 . . . . . . yCODIz ?+vPyG JGQ9| G ?| wJy ( ),}sQyG Q9wA<:G( YGO< G RvQ|
344 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ?+vPyG ?|(wJyG >*QO@ H|9!Q<
B v " GPE 9%"| IO9qAS:G #w}* ?+vP J9t+=a@

347 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ,<O ?"*O| f9wS #|
365 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . +
? vPy G ,<O (
?| wI ?TS | | JGR9G!E
#_G(}yG cGQVEz ?+|(wJyG ,f9}AF:G {Y G(AyG J9w=V

372 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . y,vPyG d9tA!:G ?+z}f ,p
373 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ,vPyG OV GQ #< O}J| UzG|
374 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . QA*(@ )zf ?+=gV ~y9gyG IO9s QDvC #}\ OV GQ #< O}J|
377 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ?vvvvvvvv vPyG + fOvvvv}yG :QWf ,!9DyG {ZqyG
379 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ?|Ot}y G
381 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ?+vPyG ?"*O}yG e(%q|
384 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ?+vPyG fO}zy ?+S9S}G J9}TyG hC QY9 gy " G
386 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ?+vPyG fO}yG 9*GR|h J9|OL
387 . . . . . . . . . . . . . +
? v Py G fO}yG Q*(a@h ~+}Z@ ,p J9|(zg}yG 9+F(y("w@ QhO
389 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ?+vPyG fO}yG ,p J9|(zg}yG ?+"t@h J:9Z@:G RF9vQ

391 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ?+vPyG fO}yGh J9!9+=yG
394 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ?+vPyG ?"*O}yG Q9_E ,p f(+T+FQyG fhO+qAT}yG
398 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ?+vPyG ?"*O}yG J9|OL ^g<
400 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . fO}yG ,p J9|OMyG #+TJ@h ?+vPyG J9t+=aAyG
402 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . {]p~y 9"@9+I ?+vPyG fO}yG Q+j@ r+v
404 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ?+<9JTyG ?"*O}yG
405 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ?"|6G ?"*O}yG
407 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ?+vPyG fO}yGh ,G+zMyG fh9gAyG UzG| dhO
408 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . y,<Oz IOJA}yG ?+<QgyG JGQ9| G
411 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ,<O ,p ?+vPyG ?zM"yG
414 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . y,=c(<Cz IOJA}yG ?+<QgyG JGQ9| G
415 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ?*O(gTyG ?+<QgyG ?wz}}yG
417 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ~y9gyG ,p ?+vPyG fO}yG {]pC
425 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . hvvvvvvFGQ}yGh QO9Z}yG
425 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ?+<QgyG hFGQ}yG
428 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ?vvvvvvvv+="F}G hvvvvvvvvFGQ}yG
429 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ?vvvv+!hQAwy G hvsG(}yG

d9wVYG SQ%p
38 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . J9!9+=yG QO9Z| K\(* )1( ~sQ {wWyG
39 . . . . . . . . ?|(wJyG h| 9%As;fh ?I(Aq}yG J9!9+=yG e(%q| K\(* )2( ~sQ {wWyG
q
47 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ?I(Aq}yG J9qz}yG k+Y #+=* )3( ~sQ {wWyG
?I(Aq}yG J9!9+=yG ?<G(=y ?+T+FQyG ?JqZyG Q%d* ) 4( ~sQ {wWyG

59 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . IOJA}yG ?+<QgyG JGQ9| G ?yhOy
64 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . J9!9+=yG RvQ| e(%q| K\(* )5( ~sQ {wWyG
q
65 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ,|(wJyG J9!9+=yG RvQ}y ,zLGOyG {wWyG #+=* )6( ~sQ {wWyG
69 . . . . . . . . . . ?}M]yG ?+|(wJyG J9!9+=y9< ?tzgA}yG Q(|}G K\(* )7( ~sQ {wWyG
71 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ,|(wJyG J9!9+=yG RvQ| K\(* )8( ~sQ {wWyG
80 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ,vPyG d9t"yG r@9%yG AGRFC K\(* )9( ~sQ {wWyG
x
81 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ?+vPyG r@G(%yG YG(!C Q%VC eOt* )10( ~sQ {wWyG
84 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ?+vPyG r@G(%yG JGR+}| RQ<C K\(* )11( ~sQ {wWyG
91 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ?+vPyG IR%F}G RQ<C K\(* )12( ~sQ {wWyG
19
d 9wV} GS % Q p 20
q
91 . . . . . . . . . . ?y9t"yG r@G(%yG Y9aty ?g"Z}yG J9vQWyG Q%VC #+=* )13( ~sQ {wWyG
q
u+T"AyG Q+j@h ?<9GAS:G h*QS >*(yG ~+}Z@ K\(* )14( ~sQ {wWyG
q
93 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . R9%GyG ~GI Q+jA<
99 . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9%< ?a=@Q}yG IR%F}Gh ?+<9JTyG ?=S(JyG K\(* )15( ~sQ {wWyG
101 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ?+<9JTyG ?=S(JyG J9t=_ K\(* )16( ~sQ {wWyG
q
119 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ?+!hQAwy G ?|(wJyG IzW! {IGQ| #+=* )17( ~sQ {wWyG
128 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ?+!hQAwy G ?|(wJyG ?*DQ O9g<C K\(* )18( ~sQ {wWyG
131 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ?+|(wJyG ?SO"%yG ,p J9+z}gyG K\(* )19( ~sQ {wWyG
135 . . ?+!hQAwy G ?qVQ}G J9+"t@ ,p ?|OMAT}yG J9+z}gyG K\(* )20( ~sQ {wWyG
k x
,<O ?|(wJy «Portals» J9<G(=yG #f :9D| eOt* )21( ~sQ {wWyG
140 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .IOJA}yG ?+<QgyG JGQ9| G ,p
144 . . . . . . . . . . .)jO+ztAyG Q+qWAyG( {C9}A}yG Q+qWAyG ?+z}f K\(* )22( ~sQ {wWyG
145 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .{C9}A}yG Q+i Q+qWAyG ?+z}f K\(* )23( ~sQ {wWyG
146 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .,!hQAwy G h+s(AyG ?+z}f K\(* )24( ~sQ {wWyG
162 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .>+@QAy9< ?+!hQAwy G ?|(wJyG A9"< {IGQ| )25( ~sQ {wWyG
178 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .?+!hQAwy G ?+g}AG}yG ?vQ9W}yG K\(* )26( ~sQ {wWyG
179 . . .?+!hQAwy G ?|(wJyG H|9!Q< ,p Q++jAyG IQGOE ?zIQ K\(* )27( ~sQ {wWyG
,AyG ?+!hQAwy G ?+|(wJyG J9|OMzy ?zD|C K\(* )28( ~sQ {wWyG
180 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .I9+JyG {IGQ| h+}F ,aj@
?+!hQAwy G ?+|(wJyG J9|OMzy ?zD|C K\(* )29( ~sQ {wWyG
182 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .I9+JyG {IGQ| h+}F ,aj@ ,AyG
q
?+vPyG ?|(wJyG #+< 9| bhQqyG #+=* )30( ~sQ {wWyG
192 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .?+w+S;wyGh ?+!hQAwy Gh

q
?+vPyG ?|(wJyG #+< 9| bhQqyG #+=* )31( ~sQ {wWyG
195 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .?+w+S;wyGh ?+!hQAwy Gh
q
201 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .A9+V}G B!QA!E J9t+=a@ ^g< #+=* )32( ~sQ {wWyG
q
207 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .?+vPyG J9|OMyG r+"Z@ #+=* )33( ~sQ {wWyG
q
211 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .?+vPyG ?|(wJy9< ?+"g}yG aGQ_}G {D}* )34( ~sQ {wWyG
q
223 .?+vPyG J9|OMzy eOMAT}yG ?<QGAy ?+zf9qAyG JG(aMyG {D}* )35( ~sQ {wWyG
246 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .J9t+=aAyG ?%FGh eGOMASG {IGQ| K\(* )36( ~sQ {wWyG
,eGOMAS:G ?y(%T< uzgA* 9| ,p ?*Q$(GyG W9t"yG K\(* )37( ~sQ {wWyG
249 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .eOMAT}yG ?%FGhh
264 . . . . . . .?+vPyG ?|(wJyG M9G"y ?*Q(J}yG QY9"gyG RQ<C K\(* )38( ~sQ {wWyG
267 . . . . . .?+vPyG ?|(wJyG (J! d(JAyG #| IOF9gyG OFG(qyG [Mz* )39( ~sQ {wWyG
273 . . . . . . .?S(}z}yG Q+ih ?S(TJ}yG ?+|(wJyG OQG(}yG [Mz* )40( ~sQ {wWyG
289 . . .J9|(zg}yG #|} ?+S9S}G O9=}yGh ~+$9q}yG RQ<C [Mz* )41( ~sQ {wWyG
292 . . . . . . .J9|(zg}yG ?8+< ,p JGAGOAf:Gh Q_9M}yG RQ<C K\(* )42( ~sQ {wWyG
9$Qp(* ,AyG JGQ9=AL:G RQ<C K\(* )43( ~sQ {wWyG
310 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .?+vPyG J9t+=aAyG [Jp Q=AM|
9$OOI 9}v ?+vPyG {=tAT}yG ?|(wI K|;| #+=* )44( ~sQ {wWyG
334 . . . . . . . . . . . . . e(Aw| dB OVGQ #< O}J| N+WyG (}TyG >I9Y
(}TyG >I9Y #| d9%| G IO}< Q+vP@ IO*Qj@ #+=* )45( ~sQ {wWyG
336 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . QA*(@ )zf e(Aw| dB OVGQ #< O}J| N+WyG
u+tJAy ?+"_(yG ?aMyG JGRw@Q| [Mz* )46( ~sQ {wWyG
339 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ?+vPyG ?|(wJyG aGO$C
342 . . ?+vPyG JGQ9| G ?|(wJy ,}sQyG YGO< G RvQ| {}f [Mz* )47( ~sQ {wWyG
d
9wV} GS % Q p 22
x
345 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .?+vPyG J9t+=aAyG #f Q=g* )48( ~sQ {wWyG
348 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .yr+c(Azy ,<Oy u+=a@ )49( ~sQ {wWyG
349 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .y,vPyG rc(}yGz u+=a@ )50( ~sQ {wWyG
352 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .y,<O ,p J;YG(}yGh bQayG ?8+$z u+=a@ )51( ~sQ {wWyG
352 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .yJ9=vQ}yGh f(tF9TyGz u+=a@ )52( ~sQ {wWyG
353 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .yrsG(}yGz u+=a@ )53( ~sQ {wWyG
354 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .y,"vQ9Vz u+=a@ )54( ~sQ {wWyG
354 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .y,vPyG ,Tv9AyGz u+=a@ )55( ~sQ {wWyG
355 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .r_G(WyGh uFGOJzy ,vPyG u+=aAyG )56( ~sQ {wWyG
356 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .y#+|}Gz u+=a@ )57( ~sQ {wWyG
357 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .y,AJYz u+=a@ )58( ~sQ {wWyG
358 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .yiDubaiz u+=a@ )59( ~sQ {wWyG
359 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .ymPayz u+=a@ )60( ~sQ {wWyG
360 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .yf6G ,<Oz u+=a@ )61( ~sQ {wWyG
362 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .y?+@GQ9| G ?+zLGOyG IQGRhz u+=a@ )62( ~sQ {wWyG
363 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .y,<O QRz u+=a@ )63( ~sQ {wWyG
364 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .jQwTyG )\Q}y y,@9+Iz u+=a@ )64( ~sQ {wWyG
365 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .yJ9g*QWAzy 9+zgyG ?"GzyGz u+=a@ )65( ~sQ {wWyG
(}TyG >I9Y JGO*Qj@ iOIE )66( ~sQ {wWyG
375 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . e(Aw| dB OVGQ #< O}J| N+WyG
382 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .?+vPyG ?"*O}yG e(%q| K\(* )67( ~sQ {wWyG
?}%}yG RF9vQyG hC J9s9a=yG K\(* )68( ~sQ {wWyG
391 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .?+vPyG ?"*O}yG A9"< ,p

d(JAzy J9!9+=y9< ?tzgA}yG >!G(GyG ~$C K\(* )69( ~sQ {wWyG
394 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .?+vPyG fO}yG )yE ,t+tJyG
395 . . . . . .?+vPyG ?"*O}yG YhQW| #| #+T+FQyG #*O+qAT}yG K\(* )70( ~sQ {wWyG
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Electronic Government can be de®ned as:
«Government use of information communication technolo-
gies to oer citizens and businesses the opportunity to interact and

conduct business with government by using dierent electronic

media such as telephone touch pad, fax, smart cards, self-service
kiosks, e-mail / Internet, and EDI. It is about how government
organizes itself: its administration, rules, regulations and frame-
works set out to carry out service delivery and to co-ordinate,
communicate and integrate processes within itself».
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Providing One-Stop Government Information
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Moving Government Procurements Online
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Implementing Electronic Filing
Putting Government QV9=}yG bMyG )zf ?+|(wJyG ?|OMyG ~*Ot@ .4
Facilitating Electronic Payments ,!hQAwy G hpOyG e9d! {+%T@ .5
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Improving Government Accountability And Eciency
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