CHANGES IN THE EARTH

Objectives

1. Explain how Fold Mountains and volcanoes are formed

2. Explain how earthquakes happen
Key words
Active dormant earthquake extinct fold mountain geological change inactive
magnitude plate boundary subduction volcano
Geological change
The places where tectonic plates meet are called plate boundaries
Geological change happens most frequently at plate boundaries. This is because
tectonic plates are always moving. Some geological change can take over millions
of years and some can be sudden and violent.

MOVEMENT OF PLATES
1. subduction
One plate may slide underneath the other one. This called subduction
The rocks in the Earth’s crust melt as they move into the mantle. They become
part of the mantle
1. Spreading
As tectonic plates drift away from each other, they break and crack wen they
break and crack when they become too thin
Lava (liquid rock) erupts from the mantle and hardens to form new crust with new
rocks. This cause a volcano
2. Lateral sliding past
Because the plates are very large and heavy, there is a lot of friction between the
plates. Over the years this makes the plates stick together. There is always force
on the tectonic builds up and eventually the pressure causes violent movement.
This is an earthquake