STOICHIOMETRY

SELF LEARNING KIT

Prepared by: RHEA MAY S.
PATULILIC.,LPT
 WHAT THIS MODULE ALL ABOUT
This module demonstrates your understanding on the concepts of Stoichiometry. It specifically discusses about
mole; the chemist counting unit, mole conversions, percent composition, chemical formulas, chemical reaction,
limiting reactant and percent yield.
This module will help you explore the key concepts on topics that will help you answer the questions pertaining
to stoichiometry.

This module has three (3) lessons:

Lesson 1 – Stoichiometry
Lesson 2 – Mole conversions
Lesson 3 – Percent Composition
Lesson 4- Chemical Reactions

What I Need to Know

This module is all about stoichiometry: a topic that is necessary in order to
master more advanced topics in chemistry. In order to master stoichiometry, you need to achieve the following
objectives:
• Define what stoichiometry is;
• Balance chemical equations correctly;
• Convert mass to mole and vice versa;
• Compute for the mass or mole of the reactants or products using stoichiometric ratio;
• Identify the limiting or excess reagent in a chemical reaction.

WEEK 6 (March 4-8, 2024)

As the saying goes, “Chemistry is like cooking, just don’t lick the spoon”, we cook different substances at
certain proportions to form desired results. These proportions are strictly followed in obedience to the Law of
Conservation of Mass and Law of Definite Proportions. Just by looking at the ingredients, we know how much of
the other ingredients we will be needing in order to cook the dish well or how much final product we are going to
make. Same goes with chemistry. This area of study in chemistry, which is very much related to cooking, is called
stoichiometry (stoy·kee·aa·muh·tree): the quantitative study of reactants and products in a chemical reaction . The
term came from the Greek words stoicheion, meaning “element”, and metron meaning “measure”.
What’s In
Almost everything around you involves chemistry. From the things you eat to the clothes you wear, the air you
breathe and the ground you walk on, even the emotions from a heart break: all of these things involve chemistry.
But to better appreciate chemistry lessons, you need to follow some simple rules:
1. Read the directions very carefully and follow the directions indicated in every activity.
2. Create a mental image of the concepts that are being discussed. This will help you better understand abstract
concepts in chemistry.
3. Perform all of the activities in this module in the correct sequence. Doing this will help you scaffold your way
up to more challenging tasks.
4. Imagine your answer and compare it with the mental image of the concept you just learned. This will help you
check your own work. If your imagination fails, you may use the answer key card in assessing your work,
with the help of your facilitator or guardian.
5. Look for real-world examples of the concepts you have learned. This will make chemistry concepts more real
to you and will also help you appreciate it more.
6. Have fun learning chemistry!

I. ATOMIC MASS
Atomic Mass is the sum of the masses of the proton, neutrons and electrons in an atom, or the average
mass, in a group of atoms. However, electron have so much less mass than protons and neutrons that they
don’t factor into the calculation. So, the atomic mass is the sum of the masses of proton and neutrons.

Relative Atomic Mass vs. Average Atomic Mass

The relative mass is a measure of the mass of one atom of the element.
The average atomic mass of an element is the sum of the masses.

II. MOLE: CHEMIST’S COUNTING UNIT

The Mole is the unit of amount in chemistry. A mole of a substance is defined as:
The mass of a substance containing the same number of fundamental units as there are atoms in exactly
12.00 g of 12C.
The mass in grams of one mole of substance is called Molar Mass. Each element has its own unique molar
mass. For example, carbon molar mass is 12g/mol and magnesium molar mass is 24g/mol. And for the molar
mass of a compound, For example water (H2O) = 18g/mol.

ACTIVITY NO. 1 (midterm)

Molar Masses of Element and Compound
Determine the molar mass for the following elements;
1. Ca 5. O 9. F
2. Xe 6. Na 10. Cl
3. K 7. Fe
4. S 8. Al
Determine the Molar Mass
of the following
compounds;
 1. NaCl 4. Br2 7. CO2
2. O2 5. Fe2O3 8. KCl2
3. N2 6. AlF2 9. SO3
10. Na2O

WEEK 7 (March 11-15, 2024)

III. MOLE CONVERSION
A.) Conversion between numbers of particles and moles of particles
Conversion Factors; 6.022 x 1023 molecules or 1 mol_______________
1 mol 6.022 x 1023 molecules
Note: Avogadro’s Number (constant) = 6.022 x 1023

LET’S TRY!
 Given the number of particles determine the number of moles that are present.
Ex.1.) How many moles of carbon atoms are there in 3.01x1024 C atoms?

Step 1. Identify what is ask in the problem?

Step 2. Identify the given; moles of carbon= 3.01x1024
Step 2. Compute for the moles of carbon atoms

Solution;
Moles Carbon = 3.01x1024 C atoms x 1 mol
6.022x1023 C atoms

= 5.00 mol C

 Given the Number of Moles, Determine the number of particles that would be present.
Ex. 2.) How many CO2 molecules are present in 0.75 mole of CO2?
Step 1. Identify what is ask in the problem?
Step 2. Identify the given; molecules of carbon dioxide = 0.75mol CO2
Step 2. Compute for the number of carbon atoms (particles)

CO2 Molecules = 0.75mol CO2 x 6.022x1023 molecules CO2

1 mole CO2
= 4.5x1023 molecules CO2

B.) Conversion between mass of a substance and moles of particles

Conversion Factors; Xg or 1mol
1 mol Xg

 Given the number of moles of a substance, determine how many grams of that substance would be present?
Ex. 3.) what is the mass in grams of 0.34 moles of NO2?
Step 1. What is ask in the problem?
Step 2. Compute for the Molecular Mass and Molar Mass of the compound.
Step 3. Compute for the grams of the substance (given compound).

Solution;
Molecular mass of NO2
 N= 1 X 14amu = 14amu
O= 2 X 16amu= 32amu
= 46amu

Therefore, the molar mass of the substance (compound) is 46g/mol

Formula; given x molar mass of a compound/ 1mol of compound

Grams of NO2 = 0.34 mol NO2 x 46g_ NO2 = 16g NO2

1 mol NO2

Remember: Molecular mass refers to the mass of every atom(element) while Molar Mass refers to the sum of the
mass of a compound.

 Given the number of moles of a substance, determine how many moles of that substance would be present.
Ex.4.) How many moles are there in 6.28 grams of Magnesium Chloride?
Molecular mass of MgCl2 = 1Mg x 24 = 24amu
2 Cl x 35= 70amu
= 94 amu
Molar Mass of MgCl2 = 94 g/mol
Moles of MgCl2= 6.28 g MgCl2 x 1mol MgCl2
94 g MgCl2
= 0.07 mol MgCl2

C. CONVERSONS BETWEEN NUMBERS OF PARTCLES AND MASS OF A SUBSTANCE

 Given the number of particles of a substance determine how many grams of that substance would be present?
Ex. What would be the mass of 8.4x1018 SO3 Molecules?
Molecular Mass of SO3= 1 x 32 = 32amu
3 x 16= 48amu
= 80amu
Molar Mass of SO3= 80g/mol
Grams of SO3= 8.4x1018 Molecules SO3 x 1 mol SO3 x 80g SO3
6.022x1023molecules SO3 1 mol SO3 = 1.1 x10-3 g SO3

 Given the number of grams of a substance, determine the number of particles present.
Ex. How many molecules of KMnO4 would be present in 0.24g of KMnO4?
Molecular Mass of KMnO4= 1K x 39= 39amu
1Mn x 54=54amu
4 O x 16 = 64amu
= 157amu
Molar Mass= 158g/mol

Molecules of KMnO4 = 0.24g KMnO4 x 1mol KMnO4 x 6.022x1023 molecules KMnO4

157g KMnO4 1 mol KMnO4
20
= 9.1x10 KMnO4