UNIVERSITY OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY OF SOUTHERN PHILIPPINES COLLEGE OF

ENGINEERING AND ARCHITECTURE

DEPARTMENT OF ARCHITECTURE

ARCH 224

ARCHITECTURAL DESIGN 4

SPACE PLANNING 2

SUPPLEMENTARY RESEARCH

MAJOR PLATE 1 – LUXURY HILLSIDE RESIDENCE

SUBMITTED BY:

REBLINCA, RIEN JAY M.

ARCH 2G

SUBMITTED TO:

AR. CHRISTOPHER C. CABUSAS

INSTRUCTOR
CLIENT PROFILE:
Mr. Rogen Sandejas, the client for this luxury hillside residence project, is a locally-
renowned 38-year-old civil engineer and heir apparent of a medium-sized construction
company based in Cagayan de Oro. He intends to use the residence as a tranquil
respite during special occasions and holidays, seeking to escape the hustle and bustle
of the city. Mr. Sandejas's family of four includes his near-retirable father, his mother,
and his sister's family of three. Given the multiple occupant families, privacy is a key
concern for Mr. Sandejas, who also emphasizes the importance of fostering extended
familial bonds. Considering his parents' old age, accessibility is a priority in the design.
To ensure the residence's upkeep while the family is away, caretakers will be
accommodated on-site.

THE USERS:
1. Mr. Sandeja
2. Mr. Sandejas' spouse
3. Mr. Sandejas' child 1
4. Mr. Sandejas' child 2
5. Mr. Sandejas' father
6. Mr. Sandejas' mother
7. Mr. Sandejas' sister
8. Mr. Sandejas' sister's husband
9. Mr. Sandejas' sister's child 1
10. Mr. Sandejas' sister's child 2

PERSONNEL:
• Gardener/Landscaper: 1 staff
• General Maintenance: 1 staff
• Housekeeping: 3 staff
• Security: 2 personnel
PROJECT SITE:
The project site is located in Claveria, Misamis Oriental, on a hilly terrain with a tranquil
and picturesque environment, offering a serene retreat from urban life. Situated along
a 12.00-meter-wide right-of-way, the lot spans approximately 8,000 square meters with
a frontage of 103.00 meters facing north-northeast. However, due to topographical
constraints, only a 30.00-meter access is available, starting 14.00 meters from the
easternmost point of the lot. The site experiences light to moderate precipitation,
occasionally leading to foggy conditions during daybreaks and twilights. Despite these
challenges, the expansive property presents ample opportunities for designing a
luxury hillside residence that integrates seamlessly with the natural surroundings while
fulfilling the client's requirements for privacy, accessibility, and aesthetic appeal.

SITE ANALYSIS
Climate Analysis: Situated at an elevation of 941.87 meters (3090.12 feet) above sea
level, Claveria boasts a Tropical rainforest climate. The district experiences a yearly
temperature averaging 27.85ºC (82.13ºF), which is slightly higher than the Philippines'
average by 0.63%. During the summer of 2023, daily high temperatures typically range
around 89°F, seldom dropping below 84°F or exceeding 93°F. The highest daily
average high temperature, reaching 90°F, is observed on June 17. Daily low
temperatures hover around 78°F, with rare occurrences below 76°F or above 80°F. On
June 16, the hottest day of the year, temperatures range from 78°F to 90°F, while on
January 14, the coldest day, they range from 70°F to 80°F. Claveria falls under the
Type III climate zone, characterized by no distinct maximum rainfall period and a brief
dry spell from January to May, with the rest of the year being wet.
Soil Analysis: The terrain of Claveria is shaped by pyroclastic parent materials
deposited by Mt. Balatocan and Mt. Mogabon, located 15-20 km north and southeast
of the town center, respectively. This volcanic plateau rises abruptly from sea level in
the west to elevations ranging from 450 to 1200 meters in the east. The local
topography exhibits complexity, ranging from flat to steeply hilly, and from broad
smooth terrain to extremely dissected landscapes. The soils are characterized as
deep, fine mixed isohyperthermic Ultic Haplorthox, with acidity ranging from pH 4.2 to
5.2. Claveria receives approximately 2500 mm of rainfall per year, well-distributed over
a 9-month period from May to January.
DESIGN PROBLEM:
The design problem is to create a luxury hillside residence in Claveria, Misamis
Oriental, that accommodates multiple families while ensuring privacy and fostering
familial bonds. Key considerations include accessibility for elderly parents, spacious
common areas, individual living quarters for each family, a private study, outdoor
family areas, a spacious kitchen, a listening room, and an adventure playground. The
design must take advantage of the scenic vistas and chilly microclimate. Provisions
for caretakers during the owners' absence need to be integrated seamlessly into the
design to ensure the smooth operation and maintenance of the residence.

SITE SELECTION:
a) Optimize irregular lot shape and limited road access for privacy and accessibility.
b) Maximize scenic views while considering microclimate and precipitation.
c) Ensure efficient utilization of space and terrain for functional design.

LUXURY HILLSIDE HOUSE DESIGN:

a) Spacious common areas and individual living spaces for each family unit.
b) Include special features like a private study, outdoor family area, and designated
rooms as per occupants' requests.
c) Integrate an adventure playground and accommodations for caretakers.

SUSTAINABILITY:
a) Use sustainable materials and passive design strategies for energy efficiency.
b) Incorporate water conservation measures such as rainwater harvesting.

AMENITIES AND FACILITIES:

a) Design garage, swimming pool, and outdoor spaces for leisure.
b) Provide amenities for caretakers to ensure smooth operation during owners'
absence.
POTENTIAL SOLUTIONS:
Split level
A split-level residence is a dwelling with multiple stories, wherein the various living
areas are linked by a small staircase. These homes usually comprise three distinct
levels: the main floor housing the living room, the upper floor containing bedrooms,
bathrooms, and a kitchen, and the basement housing the den or garage. This
architectural style, also known as tri-level homes, gained popularity in the 1950s as
a cost-effective choice for expanding families relocating to suburban areas.

Types of split-level housing:

1. Standard Split: This design features multiple levels staggered at different
heights within the same structure, typically with living areas on the main level,
bedrooms on the upper level, and additional living or recreation spaces on the
lower level. Each level has partial exposure to natural light and views, offering
a sense of openness and connection while still providing privacy between
areas.
2. Side Split: In this configuration, the split occurs horizontally along the side of
the house, with one side of the structure typically built into a slope or elevated
from the ground. This layout allows for variations in ceiling heights and floor
levels, creating dynamic interior spaces and maximizing views and natural light
on both levels.
3. Back Split: The back split design divides the house vertically along the rear
facade, often with the entry and main living areas located on the upper level
and bedrooms on the lower level. This arrangement capitalizes on sloping
terrain or varying elevations, creating distinct zones for living and sleeping while
maintaining a cohesive architectural expression.
4. Stacked Split: This approach involves stacking one section of the house directly
above another, with each level serving specific functions such as living, dining,
or sleeping areas. Stacked split-level homes are characterized by compact
footprints and efficient use of space, making them suitable for narrow or steeply
sloped lots while still offering functional and visually appealing interiors.
Cut And Fill:
Cut and fill is a construction technique used to modify the topography of a site by
excavating material from one area (cut) and using it to fill in another area (fill), typically
to create a level building pad or alter the slope of the land. This process involves
careful planning and engineering to ensure stability and minimize environmental
impact. Cut and fill operations may be necessary for building on uneven terrain or
steep slopes, allowing for the creation of a stable foundation and providing
opportunities for landscaping and site amenities. Proper management of cut and fill
activities is essential to control erosion, manage drainage, and maintain the integrity
of the surrounding ecosystem, often requiring measures such as retaining walls,
drainage systems, and revegetation efforts to mitigate potential risks and ensure long-
term sustainability of the site.
DESIGN CONCEPT:
Geomorphology, the scientific study of landforms and the processes shaping the
Earth's surface, serves as the ideal design concept for the proposed luxury hillside
residence project for Mr. Rogen Sandejas. By embracing geomorphology, the design
can seamlessly adapt to the natural landscape, minimizing disturbance and
maximizing aesthetic and functional integration.

To complement this concept the residence will feature cornered windows strategically
placed to offer panoramic views of Claveria's landscapes. Two winged master
bedrooms will be included, one for Mr. Sandeja’s family, and another for his sister's
family, ensuring privacy and comfort for both households. A common living room with
wide views will serve as a central gathering space, allowing residents to appreciate
the beauty of the surroundings together.

A rainwater catching system will be implemented around the house, not only for
sustainability but also to create a soothing ambiance with the sound of flowing water,
enhancing the tranquil atmosphere of the hillside retreat. Through thoughtful
orientation, material selection, and ecological integration, the luxury hillside residence
will blend harmoniously with its surroundings, offering Mr. Sandejas and his family a
peaceful sanctuary away from the hustle and bustle of the city, while enhancing the
inherent beauty of the Claveria landscape.

DESIGN PHILOSOPHY:
The design philosophy for the luxury hillside residence project is inspired by Frank
Gehry's belief that “Architecture should speak of its time and place, but yearn for
timelessness”. By prioritizing the strategic integration of light and ventilation, we aim
to create a sanctuary that not only responds to its natural surroundings but also
transports Mr. Sandeja's family away from the hustle and bustle of the city, providing
a serene retreat immersed in the beauty of Claveria's landscapes.
DESIGN OBJECTIVES:

1. Integration: Achieving seamless integration with the natural landscape ensures

harmony between the residence and its surroundings, enhancing the overall
aesthetic appeal and minimizing environmental impact.

2. Privacy: Providing private spaces fosters a sense of security and tranquility,

allowing occupants to retreat from the outside world and enjoy moments of
solitude.

3. Sustainability: Embracing sustainability promotes responsible living practices,

reducing the ecological footprint and contributing to the long-term well-being of
both occupants and the environment.

4. Natural Light and Ventilation: Optimizing both illumination and airflow not only
enhances the overall ambiance and energy efficiency of the residence but also
promotes a healthy living environment, creating bright, inviting spaces with
improved indoor air quality and comfort, which uplift the mood of occupants
while reducing reliance on mechanical ventilation systems.

5. Timelessness: Designing for timelessness ensures longevity and relevance,

creating a residence that remains aesthetically pleasing and functional for
generations to come.

6. Accessibility: Ensuring accessibility promotes inclusivity and convenience for

all occupants, allowing for ease of movement and independence regardless of
age or ability.
DESIGN CONSIDERATION:

1. Site Analysis: Understanding the land's contours and features to seamlessly

blend structures with surroundings, ensuring aesthetic harmony and minimal
disruption to the environment.

2. Sustainability: Prioritizing eco-conscious materials and practices to reduce

environmental impact and promote long-term ecological health, fostering
stewardship of natural resources.

3. Natural Light and Ventilation: Harnessing sunlight and airflow to create bright,
airy interiors that enhance occupant comfort and well-being while minimizing
reliance on artificial lighting and mechanical systems, optimizing energy
efficiency.

4. Indoor-Outdoor Connectivity: Blurring the boundaries between interior and

exterior spaces to encourage interaction with nature, promoting mental and
physical wellness by immersing occupants in the natural environment, fostering
a sense of unity with the surrounding landscape.

5. Safety and Resilience: Implementing robust construction techniques and

materials to withstand environmental challenges such as erosion, landslides,
and inclement weather, ensuring the longevity and stability of structures while
prioritizing occupant safety and security.

6. Water Management: Frequent heavy rainfall and typhoons require robust water
management to mitigate risks like mudslides and erosion, especially in sloped
areas. Careful control of runoff, treated retaining walls, and drainage systems
ensure the safety of the residence and surrounding environment, with additional
measures like sump pumps and french drains preventing water leakage in
underground spaces during rainy seasons.
BUILDING MATERIALS:

Timber:

a) Interior Flooring: Hardwood flooring made from sustainably sourced timber

provides a warm and inviting atmosphere, with the benefit of being renewable
and eco-friendly.

b) Exterior Decking: Timber decking offers a natural extension of indoor living

spaces, providing a seamless transition to outdoor areas while adding rustic
charm.

c) Ceiling Beams: Exposed timber ceiling beams add architectural interest and
character to interior spaces, creating a cozy and inviting ambiance.

Stone:

a) Exterior Cladding: Natural stone cladding enhances the exterior façade of the
residence, blending harmoniously with the hillside setting and providing
durability and timeless beauty.

b) Water Feature: A stone water feature in the garden or courtyard provides a

tranquil focal point, with the sound of flowing water enhancing the serene
ambiance of the outdoor space..

c) Pathway Pavers: Stone pavers used for pathways and outdoor walkways
provide a durable and slip-resistant surface, enhancing the landscaping while
complementing the natural surroundings.

Concrete:

a) Structural Walls: Reinforced concrete walls provide strength and stability to the
structure, ensuring longevity and resilience against environmental factors.

b) Countertops: Concrete countertops in the kitchen and bathrooms offer a

modern and industrial aesthetic, with the added benefit of being durable, heat-
resistant, and customizable in design.

c) Decorative Elements: Concrete can be molded into various shapes and forms
to create decorative elements such as benches, planters, and sculptures,
adding visual interest to outdoor spaces.
Glass:

a) Windows: Large windows with energy-efficient glass maximize natural light and
panoramic views of the surrounding landscape, while also enhancing thermal
insulation and soundproofing.

b) Sliding Doors: Glass sliding doors provide seamless access to outdoor living
areas, promoting indoor-outdoor connectivity and creating a sense of openness
and spaciousness.

c) Skylights: Skylights installed in key areas such as stairwells and hallways bring
in additional natural light, brightening up interior spaces and reducing the need
for artificial lighting during the day.

Steel:

a) Structural Framework: Steel beams and columns provide strength and flexibility
to the structural framework of the residence, allowing for open floor plans and
innovative architectural designs.

b) Staircase Railing: Steel railing for staircases and balconies offers a sleek and
modern aesthetic, with the benefit of being durable, low-maintenance, and
customizable in design.

c) Exterior Railings: Steel railings for exterior balconies and decks provide safety
and security while also offering unobstructed views of the surrounding
landscape.

Rammed Earth:

a) Exterior Walls: Rammed earth walls offer superior thermal mass properties,
providing natural insulation and temperature regulation for interior spaces,
resulting in energy efficiency and reduced heating and cooling costs.

b) Interior Accent Walls: Rammed earth accent walls add a unique and earthy
aesthetic to interior spaces, creating a sense of connection to the natural
surroundings and promoting a calming and tranquil atmosphere.

c) Flooring: Rammed earth flooring in key areas such as the living room or
entryway adds warmth and character, with the benefit of being durable,
sustainable, and low-maintenance
Low-Voc Paints:

a) Interior Walls: Low-VOC paints used for interior walls contribute to a healthier
indoor environment by reducing exposure to harmful emissions and allergens,
promoting better indoor air quality and respiratory health.

b) Exterior Finishes: Low-VOC exterior paints and finishes provide long-lasting

protection against weathering and UV damage while minimizing environmental
impact and improving the overall durability and appearance of the residence
1) SPACE REQUIREMENTS

Living Area Serve as a communal space for relaxation,

entertainment, and socializing for all occupants
and guests.
Dining Area A designated area for family meals and
gatherings, offering comfort and convenience
during dining experiences.
Kitchen The central hub for meal preparation and
cooking, equipped with modern appliances and
ample storage to accommodate the needs of
multiple families.
Bedrooms Private sleeping quarters for each family
member, offering comfort, privacy, and
personalization.
En-suite Bathrooms Attached to each bedroom, these bathrooms
offer convenience and privacy, allowing
occupants to maintain personal hygiene without
leaving their private spaces.
Family Living Areas/Lounges Offer additional spaces for relaxation and leisure
activities, allowing each family to unwind and
spend quality time together.
Study/Workspace A dedicated area for work, study, or personal
projects, ensuring concentration and productivity
when needed.
Listening Room Serve as a retreat for Mr. Sandejas' father to
indulge in his hobby of listening to music, offering
optimal acoustics and relaxation.
Outdoor Family Area Extend the living space outdoors, allowing
occupants to enjoy the scenic views and fresh air
while engaging in various activities or simply
relaxing.
Adventure Playground A safe and engaging play area for the children,
encouraging physical activity, creativity, and
social interaction.
Swimming Pool Offer a refreshing retreat during warm weather,
promoting relaxation, recreation, and physical
fitness for all occupants.
Garage Secure parking space for three sedans and two
SUVs, ensuring convenience and protection for
the occupants' vehicles.
Service Areas House utility rooms, mechanical rooms, and
other service spaces necessary for the efficient
functioning of the residence's systems and
infrastructure.
Landscaped Areas/Gardens Enhance the aesthetic appeal of the property,
promote biodiversity, and provide opportunities
for outdoor leisure activities and relaxation in
harmony with the natural surroundings.
Accessible Entrances and Exits Accessible pathways and entrances for elderly
family members, ensuring ease of movement
and navigation throughout the residence.
 THE NATIONAL BUILDING CODE OF THE PHILIPPINES

Rule VII - Classification of and General Requirement of All Buildings by Use or

Occupancy

Occupancy Classification
Occupancy classes categorize structures based on their intended purpose and are
largely used for building and fire code enforcement. They are typically defined by
model building regulations and differ somewhat amongst them. Frequently, many of
them are divided.

Occupancy of Site
Buildings proposed for construction shall be identified according to their use or the
character of its occupancy and shall be classified as follows:

(1) Group A residential dwellings

Group A occupancies shall be dwellings.

Division 1 – Residential building/structure for exclusive use of single family

occupants including school or company staff housing single (nuclear
family dwellings; churches or similar places of worship; church rectories;
community facilities and social centers; parks, playgrounds, pocket parks,
parkways, promenades, and play lots; clubhouses and recreational uses
such as golf courses, tennis courts, basketball courts, swimming pools
and similar uses operated by the government or private individual as
membership organizations for the benefit of their members, families, and
guests and not operated primarily for gain.
Minimum requirements for Group A dwellings
a) Dwelling Location and Lot Occupancy
The dwelling shall occupy not more than ninety percent of a corner lot and eighty
percent of an inside lot, and subject to the provisions on easements of light and view
of the civil code of the Philippines, shall be at least 2 meters from the property line.

b) Light and Ventilation

Every dwelling shall be so constructed and arranged as to provide adequate light and
ventilation as provided under section 805 to section 811 of this code.

c) Sanitation
Every dwelling shall be provided with at least one sanitary toilet and adequate
washing and drainage facilities.

d) Foundation
Footings shall be of sufficient size and strength to support the load of the dwelling
and shall be at least 250 millimeters thick and 600 millimeters below the surface of
the ground.

e) Post
The dimensions of wooden posts shall be those found in Table 708-A: Dimensions of
Wooden Posts (Annex B-1). Each post shall be anchored to such footing by straps
and bolts of adequate size.

f) Floor
The live load of the first floor shall be at least 200 kilograms per square meter and for
the second floor, at least 150 kilograms per square meter.

g) Roof
The wind load for roofs shall be at least 120 kilograms per square meter for vertical
projection.

h) Stairs
Stairs shall be at least 750 millimeters in clear width, with a rise of 200 millimeters
and a minimum run of 200 millimeters.

i) Entrance and Exit

There shall be at least one entrance and another one for exit.

j) Electrical Requirements
All electrical installations shall conform to the requirements of the Philippine Electrical
Code.

k) Mechanical Requirements
Mechanical systems and/or equipment installation shall be subject to the
requirements of the Philippine Mechanical Engineering Code.
 DIMENSION OF WOODEN POSTS OF SUPORTALES
Type Building Maximum Maximum Maximum Required
Height of 1st Height of Total Spacing of Post Maximum
Floor Finished Size of
Suportales
1 – Storey Shed 4.00 M 3.50 M 10 cms. X 10
cms.
1 – Storey Shed 3.00 M 4.00 M 10 cms. X 10
cms.
1 – Storey Shed 5.00 M 4.00 M 12.5 cms. X
12.5 cms.

1 – Storey 1.00 to 3.00 M 5.50 M 3.60 M 12.5 cms. X

House or 12.5 cms.
Chalet
2 – Storey 3.00 M 6.00 M 3.00 M 12.5 cms. X
House 12.5 cms.
2 – Storey 4.50 M 7.00 M 4.00 M 12 cms. X 15
House cms.
2 – Storey 5.00 M 8.00 M 4.50 M 17.5 cms. X
House 17.5 cms.
2 – Storey 9.00 M 4.50 M 20 cms. X 20
House cms.

Note: Logs or tree trunk Suportales may be used as post in indigenous traditional type
of construction, provided that these are of such sizes and spacing as to sustain vertical
loading equivalent at least to the loading capacities of the posts and spacing in this
tables.

Zoning Classification
Allows local governments to control whether regions of their jurisdiction may contain
real estate or property used for specific purposes. Zoning classifications include
residential, commercial, agricultural, industrial, and hotel/hospitality, among other
more precise designations.

Zoning Classification of Site

1. Division A-1
Clubhouses and recreational uses such as golf courses, tennis courts, basketball
courts, swimming pools and similar uses operated by the government or private
individuals as membership organizations for the benefit or their members, families
and guests and not operated primarily for gain.
Classified as Residential R-1 – a low density residential zone, family, single detached
dwellings with the usual community ancillary uses on a neighborhood scale, such
as executive subdivisions and communities which are not subdivisions.
This follows that the setbacks for the given lot shall be 4.50 meters on its front, 2.00
meters on the sides and 2.00 meters on the rear.

BP 344 – THE LAW TO ENHANCE MOBILITY OF DISABLED PERSONS

Bp 344, Otherwise known as the act to enhance the mobility of disable persons by
requiring certain buildings; institutions, establishments, and public utilities to install
facilities and other devices.

2.1 Rule III – Specific Requirements for Buildings and Related Structures for
Public Use

1. Classification of Buildings By Use of Occupancy - a section under Rule 3 of

BP 344 Classifies Group A Occupancies and partly Group B to be under
Category 1.

2. Architectural Features and Facilities:

This section entails architectural design requirements in accordance
with generally accepted architectural practice, the same shall be in
accordance with Rule II, be made accessible/barrier free and shall
include the corresponding graphic signs.

2.1 Architectural facilities and features:

2.1.1 A – Stairs
2.1.2 B – Walkways
2.1.3 C – Corridors
2.1.4 D – Doors and Entrances
2.1.5 E – Washrooms and Toilets
2.1.6 F – Lifts/Elevators
2.1.7 G – Ramps
2.1.8 H – Parking Areas
2.1.9 I – Switches, Controls, Buzzers
2.1.10 J – Handrails
2.1.11 K – Thresholds
2.1.12 L – Floor Finishes
2.1.13 M – Drinking Fountains
2.1.14 N – Public Telephones
2.1.15 O – Seating Accommodations
 3. Category 1
Group A
Single detached. Ten percent (10%) of the total units to be
constructed. Barrier-free facilities and features required in: A, B, C, D, E ,G,
H, I, J, K, and L.

2.2 Appendix A
1. Parking

1.1 Parking spaces for the disabled should allow enough space for a person to
transfer to a wheelchair from a vehicle;
1.2 Accessible parking spaces should be located as close as possible to
building entrances or to accessible entrances;
1.3 Whenever and wherever possible, accessible parking spaces should be
perpendicular or to an angle to the road or circulation aisles;

1.4 Accessible parking slots should have a minimum width of 3,70 m.;

1.5 A walkway from accessible spaces of 1.20 m. clear width shall be provided
between the front ends of parked cars;

1.6 Provide dropped curbs or curb cutouts to the parking level where access
walkways are raised;

1.7 Pavement markings, signs or other means shall be provided to delineate

parking spaces for the handicapped;

1.8 Parking spaces for. the disabled should never be located at ramped or
sloping areas;

2. Thresholds
2.1 Thresholds shall be kept to a minimum; whenever necessary,
thresholds and sliding door tracks shall have maximum height of 25mm and
preferably ramped;

3. Ramps

3.1 Changes in level require a ramp except when served by a dropped curb,
an elevator or other mechanical device;

3.2 Ramps shall have a minimum clear width of 1.20 m;

3.3 The maximum gradient shall be 1:12;

3.4 The length of a ramp should not exceed 6.00 m. if the gradient is 1:12;
longer ramps whose gradient is 1:12 shall be provided with landings not
less than 1.50 m.

3.5 A level area not less than 1.80 m. should be provided at the top and bottom
of any ramp;

3.6 Handrails will be provided on both sides of the ramp at 0.70 m. and 0.90
m. from the ramp level

3.7 Ramps shall be equipped with curbs on both sides with a minimum height
of 0.10 m.

3.8 Any ramp with a rise greater than 0.20 m and leads down towards an area
where vehicular traffic is possible, should have a railing across the full
width of its lower end, not less than 1.80 meters from the foot of the ramp.
4. Washrooms and Toilets
4.1 Accessible public washrooms and toilets shall permit easy passage of a
wheelchair and allow the occupant to enter a stall, close the door and
transfer to the water closet from either a frontal or lateral position;

4.2 Accessible water closet stalls shall have a minimum area of 1.70 x 1.80
mts. One movable grab bar and one fixed to the adjacent wall shall be
installed at the accessible water closet stall for lateral mounting; fixed
grab bars on both sides of the wall shall be installed for stalls for frontal
mounting;

4.3 A tuming space of 2.25 sq.m with a minimum dimension of 1.50 m. for
wheelchairs shall be provided for water closet stalls for lateral mounting;

4.4 All accessible public toilets shall have accessories such as mirrors, paper
dispensers, towel racks and fittings such as faucets mounted at heights
reachable by a person in a wheelchair.

4.5 The minimum number of accessible water closets on each floor level or
on that part of a floor level accessible to the disabled shall be one (1)
where the total number of water closets per set on that level is 20; and
two (2) where the number of water closets exceed 20

4.6 In order to aid visually impaired persons to readily determine whether a

washroom is for men or for women, the signage for men's washroom door
shall be an equilateral triangle with a vertex pointing upward, and those
for women shall be a circle; the edges of the triangle should 0.30 m long
as should be the diameter of the circle; these signages should at least be
7.5 mm thick; the color and gray value of these geometric forms should
be distinct from the color and gray value of the doors; the words "men"
and "women" figures should still appear on the washroom doors for the
convenience of the fully sighted;
 Note: the totally blind could touch the edge of the signs and easily
determine whether it is straight or curved;

4.7 The maximum height of water closets should be 0.45 m; flush control
should have a maximum height of 1.20 m.

4.8 Maximum height of lavatories should be 0.80 m. with a knee recess of

0.60
- 0.70 m. vertical clearance and a 0.50 m. depth.
4.9 Urinals should have an elongated lip or through type; the maximum
height of the lip should be 0.48 m.

2.3 The Basic Principles Governing the National Plumbing Code

1. All premises intended for human use or habitation shall be provided with a
supply of pure and wholesome water, neither connected to unsafe water supply nor
subject to backflow or back-siphon age.
2. Plumbing fixtures, devices and appurtenances shall be supplied with water
in sufficient volume and pressure adequate to function satisfactorily and without
undue noise.
3. Plumbing shall be designed and adjusted to use the minimum quantity of
water consistent with proper performance and cleaning.
4. Devices for heating and storing water shall be so designed and installed
as to prevent dangers from explosion through overheating.
5. Every building abutting on a street, alley or easement with a public sewer
shall connect its plumbing fixtures to the sewer system.
6. Each family dwelling unit shall have at least one water closet, one kitchen
type sink, a lavatory and a bathtub or shower to meet the basic requirements of
sanitation and personal hygiene.
7. Plumbing fixtures shall be made of smooth non-absorbent material, free
from concealed oiling surfaces and shall be located in ventilated enclosures.
8. The drainage system shall be designed, constructed and maintained to
safeguard against fouling, deposit of solids, clogging and with adequate cleanouts
so arranged that the pipes may be readily cleaned.
9. All piping shall be of durable NAMPAP-approved materials, free from
defective workmanship, designed and constructed by Registered Master Plumbers
to ensure satisfactory service.
10. Each fixture directly connected to the drainage system shall be equipped
with a water-sealed trap.
 11. The drainage pipes piping system shall be designed to provide adequate
circulation of air free from siphon age, aspiration or forcing of trap seals under ordinary
use.
12. Vent terminals shall extend to the outer air and installed to prevent
clogging and the return of foul air to the building.
13. Plumbing systems shall be subjected to such tests to effectively disclose
all leaks and defects in the workmanship.
14. Substances which will clog the pipes, produce explosive mixtures,
destroy the pipes or their joints or interfere unduly with the sewage-disposal process
shall not be allowed to enter the building drainage system.
15. Proper protection shall be provided to prevent contamination of food,
water, sterile goods and similar materials by backflow of sewage. When necessary,
the fixture, device or appliance shall be connected indirectly with the building
drainage system.
16. No water closet shall be located in a room or compartment which is not
properly lighted and ventilated.
 FIRE CODE OF THE PHILIPPINES

2.4 Fire – Resistive Standards

All materials of construction, and type of materials and assemblies or
combinations thereof shall conform to the following fire – resistive ratings:

Type of Assembly and Minimum thickness (in millimeter) for the given fire
Material resistance
4 hrs. 3 hrs. 2 hrs. 1 hr.
Floor Construction
1. Solid R. C. Slab
1.1 Average cover to
25 25 20 15
reinforcement
1.2 Overall Depth 150 150 125 100
2. Solid pre-stressed
Concrete slab
2.1 Average cover to
65 50 40 25
tendons
2.2 Overall Depth 150 150 125 100
3. Partitions
3.1 Solid Concrete 175 175 150 125
3.2 Solid Masonry 200 175 150 125
3.3 Hollow Unit 300 250 200 150
Masonry
4. Protection for metal
structural members
4.1 Concrete 75 50 38 25
4.2 Masonry 100 75 55 38
4.3 Metal lath with
50 38 20 12
vermiculite or perlite
gypsum plaster
5. Exterior Wall
5.1 Solid Concrete 180 150 125 75
5.2 Solid Masonry 200 175 150 100
5.3 Hallow Masonry 300 250 200 150
6. Column (All faces
exposed)
6.1 Reinforced
450 400 300 200
Concrete
References:

Rammed Earth Construction: Rammed Earth Constructions. (n.d.). Rammed earth

info. Retrieved from https://www.rammedearthconstructions.com.au/rammed-earth-
info/#:~:text=The%20many%20advantages%20of%20building,natural%20and%20en
vironmentally%20sound%20material

Low VOC Paints: Dulux Australia. (n.d.). Low VOC paints. Retrieved from
https://www.dulux.com.au/applicator/technical-advice/application/low-voc-paints/

Climate in Claveria: Google. (n.d.). Climate in Claveria. Retrieved from

https://www.google.com/search?q=climate+in+claveria

Sloping areas problemshttps://www.google.com/search?q=sloping+areas+problems

Sloped lots issues - https://www.google.com/search?q=sloped+lots+issues