Chapter 3

RESEARCH METHODOLOGY

This chapter presents and describes the approaches and procedures utilized in

carrying out this study. The achievement of its objective depends on the various steps that

was outlined in this chapter. The research design, research locale, instrumentation,

validation of the instrument, data administration and collection and the statistical

treatment of the data are discussed in this chapter.

Research Design

The researchers effectively used a quantitative approach due to the reason that this

research focused on testing theories and hypotheses and analyzed through math and

statistical analysis. According to Apuke (2019), it deals with quantifying and analyzing

variables in order to get the results. The utilization and analysis of the numerical data

using specific techniques are involved in order to answer questions in a specific study.

Moreover, this study utilized a descriptive research method with the use of survey

questionnaires as the main source in gathering the data that is needed in this study.

According to Adi Bhat (2019), descriptive research describes the characteristics of the

population of phenomenon that is being studied. This study employed the descriptive

method using quantitative approach with the use of a survey questionnaire as a main

source in gathering data and information from the Bachelor of Elementary Education

students of President Ramon Magsaysay State University at Iba Campus.

Respondents and Location

The Respondents

The subject of this study are the respondents from the Bachelor of Elementary
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Education students of President Ramon Magsaysay State University in Iba Campus. The

BEED consists of three hundred thirty-two students (332).

Using the Slovin’s Formula, the researchers were able to get the total respondents

of this study which was one hundred eighty-two (182). The researchers divided the total

respondents into four and was grouped based on their year levels, the BEED first year,

BEED Second Year, BEED third year, and BEED fourth year.

Table 1
Distribution of the Student-Respondents of Bachelor of Elementary Education from
President Ramon Magsaysay State University – Iba Campus

Year Level Frequency

BEED First Year 45
BEED Second Year 46
BEED Third Year 46
BEED Fourth Year 45
TOTAL 182
Research Locale

This research was conducted at President Ramon Magsaysay State University Iba

Campus under the College of Teacher Education in which is located at Palanginan Iba,

Zambales near at Zambales Sport Complex.

CTE

Figure 2: Map showing the Location of College of Teacher Education of President

Ramon Magsaysay State University – Iba, Zambales
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Research Instruments

The researchers used survey questionnaires as the main instrument in gathering

the data that would ensure the validity of findings of this study. The survey –

questionnaire was divided into three parts. The first part focused mainly on the profile of

the student – respondents which include the sex, age, and year level. The second part was

the type of gadget used in learning during asynchronous learning of the student-

respondent. The last part aimed to determine the perception of the students towards the

use of recorded discussion during asynchronous learning in terms of learning outcome,

time management, internet data and study habit.

Since the instrument used in this study was a researcher-made questionnaire, it

was checked and validated by the Committee of Oral Examiners. Pilot- testing was

conducted before it was used to collect data. To assess the reliability or the measure of

internal consistency of the constructs in this study it was tested by a statistician through

Cronbach’s Alpha. The results revealed that the constructs are reliable with a value of

0.92 with the internal consistency of excellent. This researcher-made questionnaire was

administered to the selected respondents of this study through online.

Data Collection

The researchers asked for permission to the Dean of College of Teacher

Education, Dr. Zenvi Ann Macalinao, to gather data from the first year to fourth year

Bachelor of Elementary Education students of President Ramon Magsaysay State

University in Iba Campus. Following the dean's approval to administer questionnaires in

the college, a letter to student respondents was also created. The letter also requests

permission to collect data for this study. The researchers conducted the study as
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scheduled and the survey-questionnaires were distributed through google form to the

respondents for the safety purposes due to the ongoing global pandemic happening.

Afterwards, the completed questionnaire was retrieved, and the data gathered was tallied

and statistically treated.

Data Analysis

All data gathered through the survey – questionnaire was tallied, analyzed,

tabulated, interpreted and summarized accordingly. The data treated by the following.

The researchers employed the following statistical tools in order to interpret the gathered

data effectively.

Percentage. This statistical tool was used to determine the frequency counts and

percentage distribution of the profile of the students.

Weighted Mean. This statistical tool was used to determine the mean of the

student – respondents’ perception towards the use of recorded discussion during

asynchronous learning.

Analysis of Variance (ANOVA). This statistical tool was used to measure the

significant difference between the profiles of the respondents to their perception to the

use of recorded discussion during asynchronous learning.

Decision Rule: If the computed significant value is greater/higher than (>) 0.05

Alpha Level Significance, accept the null hypothesis.

Decision Rule: If the computed significant value is less/lower than (<) 0.05 Alpha

Level of Significance, reject the null hypothesis.

Likert Scale. This statistical tool was used to interpret the student – respondents’

perception towards the use of recorded discussion during asynchronous learning. The
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following variables was measured using the 4 – point Likert Scale

Scale Point Scale Descriptive Equivalent

4 3.25- 4.00 Strongly Agree
3 2.50- 3.24 Agree
2 1.75- 2.49 Disagree
1 1.00- 1.74 Strongly Disagree