Professional Documents
Culture Documents
(' (67586,21(
121 '(67,1$7, $/
75$77$0(172 7(50,&2
QRUPD]LRQH 3DJLQD
'DWD )HEEUDLR
),1$/,7 '(//$ 1250$
70'
'HILQLUH OH FDUDWWHULVWLFKH GHJOL DFFLDL SHU ULFDOFDWXUD HG HVWUXVLRQH QRQ GHVWLQDWL DO WUDWWDPHQWR WHUPLFR
&ODVVH
0RG
(GL]LRQH
5(&<&/(' 3$3(5
&2126&(1=$ ', 7(5=, 6(1=$ $8725,==$=,21( 6&5,77$ '(//$ ),$7 $872 6S$
,/ 35(6(17( '2&80(172 121 382 (66(5( 5,352'2772 1( 3257$72 $
5,6(59$72
,1 &$62 ', 67$03$ /$ &23,$ ( '$ 5,7(1(56, 121 &21752//$7$ 3(57$172 ( 1(&(66$5,2 9(5,),&$5( / $**,251$0(172 1(// $3326,72 6,72 :(%
*(1(5$/,7
/D SUHVHQWH QRUPD ULJXDUGD JOL DFFLDL DGDWWL D ODYRUD]LRQL SHU ULFDOFDWXUD HG HVWUXVLRQH QRQ GHVWLQDWL DO
WUDWWDPHQWR WHUPLFR LQ SURGRWWL ODPLQDWL D FDOGR WRQGL R YHUJHOOH FRQ GLDPHWUR PP
7LSL GL DFFLDLR
3HU ULFDOFDWXUD D FDOGR
1 &2',&( 0(&&$12*5$),&2
6,*/$ $778$/( 6,*/$ 35(&('(17(
VHF 7DE
3HU ULFDOFDWXUD HG HVWUXVLRQH D IUHGGR
1 &2',&( 0(&&$12*5$),&2
6,*/$ $778$/( 6,*/$ 35(&('(17(
VHF 7DE
(8521250 $)125
6,*/$ 81, ',1 6$(
) ,, $
&%)) .' &%)) .' )5 FDOPý $O .LOOHG
&%)8 .' &%)8 .' &%)8 )5 8467 5LPPHG
&%)) .' &%)( .' &%)) )5 FDOPý 567 $O .LOOHG
$O .LOOHG
&%)) .' &%)) .' )5 FDOPý 567
6L #
5(&<&/(' 3$3(5
&4)) .' & .' &T
&%
(8 ) ,,, ',1
5LFKLHGHUH FDOPDWR D JUDQR ILQH FRQ DOOXPLQLR RG DOWUR HOHPHQWR DYHQWH DQDORJR HIIHWWR
&$57$ 5,&,&/$7$
&$5$77(5,67,&+(
$FFLDL SHU ULFDOFDWXUD D FDOGR
&2126&(1=$ ', 7(5=, 6(1=$ $8725,==$=,21( 6&5,77$ '(//$ ),$7 $872 6S$
&RPSRVL]LRQH FKLPLFD ,/ 35(6(17( '2&80(172 121 382 (66(5( 5,352'2772 1( 3257$72 $
1RQ ý SUHVFULWWD OD FRPSRVL]LRQH FKLPLFD GL FRODWD VDOYR SHU TXDQWR FRQFHUQH OR =ROIR HG LO )RVIRUR L
FXL WHQRUL QRQ GHYRQR HVVHUH VLQJRODUPHQWH PDJJLRUL GHOOR
&DUDWWHULVWLFKH PHFFDQLFKH DOOR VWDWR GL IRUQLWXUD YHG q
/H FDUDWWHULVWLFKH VRQR ULOHYDWH VX SURYHWWH SUHOHYDWH VHFRQGR OH SUHVFUL]LRQL GHOOD 7DE GDO SUR
5,6(59$72
$FFLDL SHU ULFDOFDWXUD HG HVWUXVLRQH D IUHGGR
&RPSRVL]LRQH FKLPLFD
$QDOLVL GL FRODWD
3H6
7,32 ', $&&,$,2 & 0Q 6L $OWUL
PD[
&%)8 .' # 7UDFFH
1 #
&%)8 .' 7UDFFH
1 #
&DOPDWR D JUDQR ILQH FRQ $O R FRQ DOWUL HOHPHQWL DYHQWL DQDORJR HIIHWWR
$QDOLVL VXO SURGRWWR
9DOJRQR ULVSHWWR DL YDORUL OLPLWH ILVVDWL SHU O DQDOLVL GL FRODWD JOL VFRVWDPHQWL LQGLFDWL QHO SURVSHWWR VHJXHQ
WH
6FRVWDPHQWR DPPLVVLELOH
&2126&(1=$ ', 7(5=, 6(1=$ $8725,==$=,21( 6&5,77$ '(//$ ),$7 $872 6S$
,/ 35(6(17( '2&80(172 121 382 (66(5( 5,352'2772 1( 3257$72 $
7HQRUH DPPHVVR
QHOO DQDOLVL
(O
(OHPHQWR
W
GL FRODWD QRQ FDOPDWL FRQ $O FDOPDWL FRQ $O
# ! !
&DUERQLR
! !
5,6(59$72
3HU JOL DFFLDL FDOPDWL DOO DOOXPLQLR YDOH SHU GLDPHWUL # PP H SHU WXWWL JOL DOWUL DFFLDL SHU GLDPHWUL
# PP
,O VHJQR ! VLJQLILFD FKH LQ XQD VWHVVD FRODWD OR VFRVWDPHQWR DPPLVVLELOH SHU XQ HOHPHQWR
QHOO DQDOLVL VX SURGRWWR SXÌ HVVHUH VLD DO GL VRWWR GHO PLQLPR VLD DO GL VRSUD GHO PDVVLPR GHOOD
IRUFHOOD GHOO DQDOLVL GL FRODWD PD PDL FRQWHPSRUDQHDPHQWH
2 HOHPHQWL DYHQWL DQDORJR HIIHWWR
&DUDWWHULVWLFKH PHFFDQLFKH DOOR VWDWR GL IRUQLWXUD YHG q
/H FDUDWWHULVWLFKH VRQR ULOHYDWH VX SURYHWWH SUHOHYDWH VHFRQGR OH SUHVFUL]LRQL GHOOD 7DE GDO SUR
GRWWR DOOR VWDWR GL IRUQLWXUD
&21',=,21, ', )251,785$
&$57$ 5,&,&/$7$
6WDWL GL IRUQLWXUD
$FFLDL SHU ULFDOFDWXUD D FDOGR
1RQ ý SUHVFULWWR XQ SDUWLFRODUH VWDWR GL IRUQLWXUD SXUFKÿ VLDQR JDUDQWLWH OH FDUDWWHULVWLFKH PHFFDQLFKH
&2126&(1=$ ', 7(5=, 6(1=$ $8725,==$=,21( 6&5,77$ '(//$ ),$7 $872 6S$
$FFLDL SHU ULFDOFDWXUD HG HVWUXVLRQH D IUHGGR
,/ 35(6(17( '2&80(172 121 382 (66(5( 5,352'2772 1( 3257$72 $
6DOYR DFFRUGL GLYHUVL DOO RUGLQD]LRQH VRQR SUHYLVWL L VHJXHQWL VWDWL GL IRUQLWXUD
JUH]]L GL ODPLQD]LRQH D FDOGR /07&
ODPLQDWL D FDOGR H SHODWL /07& 3(/
$VSHWWR VXSHUILFLDOH
5,6(59$72
, VHPLODYRUDWL GHYRQR DYHUH VXSHUILFL HVHQWL GD LQFURVWD]LRQL YDLRODWXUH ULSLHJDWXUH H FULFFKH WDOL GD SUH
JLXGLFDUQH O LPSLHJR /D YDOXWD]LRQH GHOO HQWLW GHL GLIHWWL GHYH HVVHUH HVHJXLWD PHGLDQWH L PHWRGL VH
JXHQWL
(VDPH VXSHUILFLDOH PHGLDQWH GHFDSDJJLR
/ HVDPH GHOOD GLIHWWRVLW VXSHUILFLDOH ý HVHJXLWR VX XQ VDJJLR FRVWLWXLWR GD XQR VSH]]RQH GL FLUFD
PP GL OXQJKH]]D GRSR GHFDSDJJLR LQ DFLGR VROIRULFR ¸ JPO VROX]LRQH GLOXLWD L RG DFLGR
FORULGULFR ¸ JPO VROX]LRQH GLOXLWD L DG XQD WHPSHUDWXUD GL FLUFD & SHU XQD GXUDWD
VXIILFLHQWH DG HOLPLQDUH OR VWUDWR GL RVVLGR QRQ PDJJLRUH GL PLQ / HVDPH ý HVHJXLWR DG RFFKLR QXGR
H OD SURIRQGLW GHL GLIHWWL DVSRUWDWL FRQ OD OLPD ý PLVXUDWD FRQ O DLXWR GL XQ PLFURPHWUR
(VDPH VXSHUILFLDOH PHGLDQWH SURYD GL VFKLDFFLDPHQWR
/D SURYD GL VFKLDFFLDPHQWR GD HIIHWWXDUH D IUHGGR RG D FDOGR VHFRQGR FKH LO PDWHULDOH VLD GHVWLQDWR
ULVSHWWLYDPHQWH D ODYRUD]LRQH D IUHGGR RG D FDOGR ý HVHJXLWD PHGLDQWH SUHVVD R PDJOLR VX VDJJL GL PD
WHULDOH FRVWLWXLWL GD VSH]]RQL DOOR VWDWR GL IRUQLWXUD , VDJJL GHYRQR HVVHUH FLOLQGULFL FRQ OH VXSHUILFL VXSH
ULRUL HG LQIHULRUL SDUDOOHOH H QRUPDOL DOO DVVH GL ODPLQD]LRQH H GHYRQR DYHUH OXQJKH]]D SDUL D YROWH LO
GLDPHWUR QRPLQDOH GHO SURGRWWR
1HO FDVR GL XWLOL]]D]LRQH GHO PDJOLR GHYH HVVHUH FRQFRUGDWR DOO RUGLQD]LRQH LO QXPHUR PLQLPR GL FROSL
/D SURYD ý FRQVLGHUDWD SRVLWLYD TXDQGR GRSR ULGX]LRQH GHOO DOWH]]D GHO VDJJLR D GHOO DOWH]]D RULJLQD
OH QRQ DSSDLDQR GLIHWWL WDOL GD SUHJLXGLFDUH O LPSLHJR GHO PDWHULDOH
*URVVH]]D GHO JUDQR DXVWHQLWLFR
3HU JOL DFFLDL FDOPDWL OD JURVVH]]D GHO JUDQR GHYH HVVHUH R SLÖ ILQH JUDQL GL JURVVH]]D PDJJLRUH VRQR
WROOHUDWL SXUFKÿ LO ORUR QXPHUR VLD HVLJXR H FRQ LQGLFH QRQ PLQRUH GL
3HU JOL DFFLDL HIIHUYHVFHQWL DFFLDL WLSR )8 OD VXGGHWWD SUHVFUL]LRQH GHYH HVVHUH ULVSHWWDWD VH ý ULFKLHVWD
DOO RUGLQD]LRQH
/D GHWHUPLQD]LRQH GHYH HVVHUH HVHJXLWD VHFRQGR OH PRGDOLW GHOOD 81,