Mubarek Kedir Primary School Building EIA Report

ESIA Report: Mubarak Kedir Primary School
ENVIRONMENTAL & SOCIAL IMPACT

ASSESSMENT REPORT
Mubarak Kedir Primary School Building
Proponent: Mubarak Kedir Primary
Consultant:
Rekik Development Consultants PLC
October 2021
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Contents
Contents ........................................................................................................................................... i
List of Figures .............................................................................................................................. viii
List of Tables ................................................................................................................................. ix
Executive Summary ...................................................................................................................... 10
Introduction ................................................................................................................................. 10
Scope Objective and Criteria of the Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) ................... 10
Methodology Outline .................................................................................................................... 2
Impacts and Mitigation Measures ............................................................................................... 2
1 Introduction ............................................................................................................................. 8
1.1 Background and Rationale for ESIA ................................................................................ 8
1.2 Scope and Objective of the ESIA ..................................................................................... 8
1.2.1 Scope ......................................................................................................................... 8
1.3 Methodology of the ESIA ................................................................................................ 8
1.3.1 Data Collection Procedures....................................................................................... 8
1.3.2 Desktop Study ........................................................................................................... 9
1.3.3 Site Assessment ........................................................................................................ 9
1.3.4 ESIA Public Consultation ......................................................................................... 9
1.3.5 Reporting and Documentation .................................................................................. 9
1.4 Obligations of the Consultant........................................................................................... 9
2 Project Description and Location.......................................................................................... 10
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2.1 Project Description ......................................................................................................... 10
2.2 Location and Size of the Project .................................................................................... 10
2.3 Building Particulars ........................................................................................................ 10
2.3.1 Electrical System .................................................................................................... 11
2.3.2 Security ................................................................................................................... 11
2.3.3 Health and Safety Systems...................................................................................... 11
2.3.4 Water Reticulation System ..................................................................................... 11
2.3.5 Storm Water Run-off .............................................................................................. 11
2.3.6 Waste Water/Sewerage ........................................................................................... 11
2.3.7 Landscaping ............................................................................................................ 12
2.4 Description of the Project’s Construction Activities ..................................................... 12
2.4.1 Pre-construction Investigations ............................................................................... 12
2.4.2 Site Set Up and Management .................................................................................. 12
2.4.3 Demolition Works and Site Clearance .................................................................... 12
2.4.4 Ground Works ......................................................................................................... 12
2.4.5 Construction of Foundations and Structural Works................................................ 12
2.4.6 Structural Steel Works ............................................................................................ 13
2.4.7 Mechanical and Electrical Installations and Associated Trades ............................. 13
2.4.8 Landscaping and Habitat Restoration or Creation .................................................. 13
2.4.9 Site Reinstatement, Removal of Site Offices and Final Clear Away ..................... 13
2.5 Description of the project’s Operational Activities........................................................ 13
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2.5.1 Commercial and Residential Activities .................................................................. 13
2.5.2 Partitioning, General Repairs and Maintenance ..................................................... 13
2.5.3 Housekeeping .......................................................................................................... 14
3 Baseline Information ............................................................................................................. 15
3.1 Background Information on the Project Area ................................................................ 15
3.1.1 A Location .............................................................................................................. 15
3.1.2 Climate .................................................................................................................... 17
3.2 Socio-Economy .............................................................................................................. 17
3.2.1 Population ............................................................................................................... 17
3.2.2 Infrastructure ........................................................................................................... 18
3.3 Biological Environment of the Site ................................................................................ 19
3.3.1 Overviews of Biological Environment and its Attributes ....................................... 19
3.4 Environmental Effects of Development Ventures; Need for EIA.................................. 19
3.5 Describing the Biological Environment of the Project .................................................. 20
3.5.1 Size and Location of the Project Site ...................................................................... 20
3.5.2 Land use Land cover of the Project Site ................................................................. 20
4 National Policies, Strategies and Regulatory Framework .................................................... 21
4.1 Policy Framework .......................................................................................................... 21
4.1.1 Constitution of the Federal Democratic Republic of Ethiopia................................ 21
4.1.2 Ethiopia’s Climate Resilient Green Economy Strategy .......................................... 21
4.1.3 Industrial Policy and Strategy of Ethiopia .............................................................. 22
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4.1.4 Land Tenure Policy ................................................................................................. 22
4.1.5 National Policy of Women...................................................................................... 23
4.2 Legislative Framework ................................................................................................... 23
4.2.1 Environmental Impact Assessment (Proclamation No. 299/2002) ......................... 23
Schedule 3: Projects which would have no impact and do not require an EIA ........................... 24
4.2.2 Environmental Pollution Control (Proclamation No. 300/2002) ............................ 24
4.2.3 Proclamation 513/2007, Solid Waste Management ................................................ 24
4.2.4 Regulation 159/2008, Prevention of Industrial Pollution ....................................... 25
4.2.5 Labour Proclamation 377/2003............................................................................... 25
4.2.6 National Rural Land Administration and Use (Proclamation No. 456/2005) ........ 25
4.2.7 International Conventions and Protocols ................................................................ 26
4.3 Institutional Framework ................................................................................................. 27
4.3.1 The Environmental Protection Organs.................................................................... 27
4.3.2 Federal Environmental Protection Authority (EPA)............................................... 27
5 Stakeholders Consultation .................................................................................................... 28
5.1 Objective of the Meeting ................................................................................................ 28
6 Assessment of Environmental Impacts ................................................................................. 29
6.1 Introduction .................................................................................................................... 29
6.2 Negative Impacts during Construction Phase ................................................................ 29
6.2.1 Loss of Vegetation .................................................................................................. 29
6.2.2 Extraction and Use of Building Materials .............................................................. 29
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6.2.3 Noise Pollution and Vibration ................................................................................ 29
6.2.4 Impact on Air Quality (Generation of Exhaust and Dust Emissions) ..................... 30
6.2.5 Disposal of Solid Waste .......................................................................................... 31
6.2.6 Soil Erosion and Water Logging............................................................................. 31
6.2.7 Surface and Ground Water Hydrology and Water Quality Degradation ................ 31
6.2.8 Increased Water Demand ........................................................................................ 32
6.2.9 Energy Consumption .............................................................................................. 32
6.2.10 Increased Insecurity ................................................................................................ 32
6.2.11 Increased Traffic ..................................................................................................... 32
6.2.12 Workers Accidents and Public Safety..................................................................... 32
6.3 Positive Impacts during Construction Phase .................................................................. 33
6.3.1 Employment opportunities ...................................................................................... 33
6.3.2 Provision of Market for Supply of Building Materials ........................................... 33
6.3.3 Improving Growth of the Economy ........................................................................ 33
6.4 Negative impacts during operation phase ...................................................................... 33
6.4.1 Increased Traffic ..................................................................................................... 33
6.4.2 Water Use................................................................................................................ 34
6.4.3 Electricity Consumption ......................................................................................... 34
6.4.4 Increased Storm Water Flow .................................................................................. 34
6.4.5 Solid Waste Generation .......................................................................................... 34
6.4.6 Increased Noise Level ............................................................................................. 34
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6.5 Positive Impacts during Operation Phase....................................................................... 34
6.5.1 Employment Opportunities ..................................................................................... 34
6.5.2 Increase in revenue to national and local governments .......................................... 34
6.5.3 Optimal use of Land................................................................................................ 35
7 Impacts Mitigation and Monitoring ...................................................................................... 35
7.1 Introduction .................................................................................................................... 35
7.2 Mitigation of Construction Phase Impacts ..................................................................... 35
7.2.1 Minimizing Vegetation Disturbance ....................................................................... 35
7.2.2 Efficient Sourcing and Use of Raw Materials ........................................................ 35
7.2.3 Minimization of Noise and Vibration ..................................................................... 36
7.2.4 Minimization of Dust Generation and Emission .................................................... 36
The following measures shall be implemented during construction:- .......................................... 37
7.2.5 Minimization of Construction Waste ...................................................................... 37
7.2.6 Minimization of Insecurity ..................................................................................... 38
7.2.7 Controlling Soil Erosion and Water Logging ......................................................... 38
7.2.8 Minimization of Surface and Groundwater Contamination.................................... 39
7.2.9 Minimization of Water Use .................................................................................... 39
7.2.10 Minimization of Energy Consumption ................................................................... 39
7.2.11 Minimization of Construction Related Traffic ....................................................... 39
7.2.12 Minimization of risks of accidents and injuries to workers .................................... 40
7.3 Mitigation of Operation Phase Impacts .......................................................................... 40
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7.3.1 Traffic Management................................................................................................ 40
7.3.2 Ensure Efficient Energy Consumption ................................................................... 41
7.3.3 Ensuring Efficient Solid Waste Management ......................................................... 41
8 Environmental Management Plan ......................................................................................... 43
8.1 Introduction .................................................................................................................... 43
8.2 Construction Phase EMP ................................................................................................ 43
8.3 Operational Phase EMP ................................................................................................. 64
8.4 Decommissioning Phase EMP ....................................................................................... 67
9 Conclusion and Recommendations ......................................................................................... 1
9.1 Recommendations ............................................................................................................ 1
9.2 Conclusion........................................................................................................................ 1
Appendices ...................................................................................................................................... ii
Annex 1: CV of EIA Staff .............................................................................................................. ii
Annex 2: Company Legal Documents .....................................Error! Bookmark not defined.
Annex 3: Attachments ...............................................................Error! Bookmark not defined.
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List of Figures
Figure 2-1: Photo Image of Mubarak Kedir Primary School Project Site .................................... 10
Figure 3-1: Map of the Sidama Regional state ............................................................................. 16
Figure 3-2 Administrative Map of Dara Woreda .......................................................................... 17
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List of Tables
Table 0-1: Impacts and Mitigation Measures ................................................................................. 3
Table 8-1: EMP for the Construction Phase of the Proposed Project ........................................... 45
Table 8-2: Operation Phase EMP ................................................................................................. 64
Table 8-3: Decommissioning Phase EMP .................................................................................... 67
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Executive Summary
Introduction
The proponent is proposing to construct a School building development on 5,500s.q located in
Dara Woreda, Metisho Millennium Kebele. The proposed development will mainly comprise of
school building, and associated ancillary facilities within the proposed plot.
Environmental Impact Assessment is a tool for environmental Planning and has been identified
as a key component in new project implementation. According to the Environmental Impact
Assessment Proclamation No 299/2002 new projects must undergo Environmental Impact
Assessment. The Report of the same must be submitted to Environment Authority for approval
and issuance of relevant certificates. This was necessary as many forms of developmental
activities cause damage to the environment and hence the greatest challenge today is to
maintaining sustainable development without interfering with the environment. The planned
project is proposed to be established in, Dara woreda, Metisho Millennium Kebele.
Scope Objective and Criteria of the Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA)

The FDRE Environmental policy on all new projects, programs or activities requires that an
environmental impact assessment is carried out at the planning stages of the proposed
undertaking. The scope of this Environmental Impact Assessment, therefore, covered:
 The baseline environmental conditions of the area,

 Description of the proposed project,
 Provisions of the relevant environmental laws,
 Identification and discuss of any adverse impacts to the environment anticipated from the
proposed project,
 Appropriate mitigation measures,
 Provision of an environmental management plan outline.
The scope of the assessment covered construction works of the proposed development which
includes ground preparation, masonry works and installation of service lines as well as the
utilities required by the development. The output of this work was a comprehensive
Environmental and Social Impact Assessment Study Report for the purposes of applying for an
ESIA license.
The main objective of the assignment was to assist the proponent prepare a study report after
carrying out an Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) of the proposed development to ensure
that appropriate measures to mitigate any adverse impacts to the environment are taken into
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consideration. The Environmental Impact Assessment carried out on the project identified
existing and potential environmental impacts and possible concerns that interested and/or
affected parties have with the development, as well as the associated prevention and mitigation
measures for the negative impacts as stipulated in the environmental Management Plan (EMP)
proposed.
The consultant on behalf of the proponent conducted the study by incorporating but not limited
to the following terms of reference:-
 Description of the nature of the proposed project;
 The location of the project including the physical area that may be affected by the
project’s activities;
 The activities that shall be undertaken during the project construction, operation and
decommissioning phases;
 The design of the project;
 The materials to be used, products and by-products, including waste to be generated by
the project and the methods of their disposal;
 The potential environmental impacts of the project and the mitigation measures to be
taken during and after implementation of the project;
 An action plan for the prevention and management of possible accidents during the
project cycle;
 A plan to ensure the health and safety of the workers and neighboring communities;
 The economic and socio-cultural impacts to the local community and the nation in
general; and
 Any other information the Environmental Protection Authority may require.
Methodology Outline
The general steps followed during the assessment were as follows:-
 Environment screening, in which the project was identified as among those requiring
environmental impact assessment under schedule 2 of EIA, 2999/2002;
 Environmental scoping that provided the key environmental issues;
 Desktop studies and interviews;
 Physical inspection of the site and surrounding areas;
 Reporting
Impacts and Mitigation Measures

Adequate environmental management systems will be incorporated during the entire planning,
construction and operating stages of the project to minimize any adverse environmental impacts
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and assure sustainable development of the area. A Summary of major impacts and mitigation
measures is presented in the Table below.
Table 0-1: Impacts and Mitigation Measures
Positive Impacts Impact Description

The construction and operation of the proposed project are
expected to offer employment opportunities; these range
Employment opportunities
from unskilled, casual workers, semi skilled and formal
employees.
Gains in the local economy will result from the utilization
of locally available materials including: building stones,
Impacts on local and national iron sheets, timber, bricks, paint, electrical cables, water
economy storage equipments, water pipes, steel, glasses, fencing
posts, sand, cement, fuels, etc. and paying of taxes to the
government.
Change in land use from underutilized land to land on
Optimal land use which a modern high-rise development stands will optimize
land use in the area
The operation of the proposed Project may induce
improvements in infrastructure around the facility e.g.:-
Improved infrastructure improved roads, electricity connection, regular maintenance
of roads, storm water drainages and power lines around the
building and environs

Negative Impacts Mitigation Measures

 Comply with maximum permissible noise levels for
constructions sites as per the Environmental Pollution
Control Proclamation No 300-2002
 Apply for a License from EPFD whereby maximum
permissible noise levels are to be exceeded
 Prescribe noise reduction measures e.g. restricted
Noise and vibrations working hours, transportation hours and noise buffering;
generation  Install portable barriers to shield compressors and
stationary equipment where necessary and locate
stationary noise sources as far from existing sensitive
receptors as possible;
 Use quiet equipment (i.e. equipment designed with noise
control elements such as mufflers)
 Provide 2.4 meter high hoarding along site boundary

 Provide effective dust screen, sheeting or netting where
a scaffolding is erected around the perimeter of a
building under construction, from the ground floor level
of the building, or if a canopy is provided at the first
floor level, from the first floor level, up to the highest
level of the scaffolding
 Any skip hoist for material transport shall be totally
enclosed by impervious sheeting
Air pollution (dust and exhaust  Water all active construction areas when necessary
emissions)  Cover all trucks hauling soil, sand and other loose
materials or require all trucks to maintain at least two
feet of freeboard;
 Pave, apply water when necessary, or apply (non-toxic)
soil stabilizers on all unpaved access roads, parking
areas and staging areas at construction site;
 Down wash of trucks (especially tyres) prior to
departure from site
 Use of electrically operated construction machinery to
avoid externalities produced by diesel engines

Negative Impacts Mitigation Measures

 Security shall be enhanced by ensuring security
guards are always posted within and around the
project site and strategic placement of security
lights around the site.
 A roster of all construction workers shall be kept
while measures shall be put in place to ensure that
loitering by itinerant workers is discouraged
 Unattended public access to the construction site
shall be restricted and only one entry/exit point
shall be used
Health and safety risks  Appropriate health and safety measures shall be
implemented as per the EFCCC rules and
regulations
 Warning signs should be placed in appropriate
places.
 Safety education and training of the construction
workers should be undertaken.
 Appropriate Personal Protective Gear shall be worn
at all times by all within the construction site
including visitors
 Install appropriate fire management equipment
 A barricade at least 1 meter high must be erected
around a trench that is 1 meter or more deep
 Excavated material should not be placed less than
1.5 meters from the edge of a trench to minimize
risk of collapse due to the weight of the spoil
Deep trenching/  Where a possibility of collapse or cave of an
excavation risks excavation exists, it should be shored, shielded,
benched or battered to prevent the collapse or cave-
in.
 Ladders must be provided no more than 20 meters
apart in the area where excavation works are being
carried out
 Terrace, level and rip off compacted areas of the
project site to reduce run-off velocity and increase
Soil erosion and water infiltration of storm water into the soil
 Dig trenches and cut off drains to channel runoff
logging
into existing peripheral storm water drains
 Surface runoff should be harvested where
applicable for reuse during construction works
 Use durable, long-lasting materials that will not
Waste generation need to be replaced often, thereby reducing the
amount of construction waste generated over time;

 Provide facilities for proper handling and storage of

construction materials to reduce the amount of
waste caused by damage or exposure to the
elements;
 Use building materials that have minimal packaging
to avoid the generation of excessive packaging
waste;
 Use construction materials containing recycled
content when possible and in accordance with
accepted standards
 Ensure adequate collection and storage of waste on
site and safe transportation to licensed disposal sites
by licensed waste handlers
 Any work that disturbs normal traffic signal
operations shall be coordinated with the relevant
authorities
 Ensure that the Entry/Exit to the project site is
located where it will cause minimal traffic along the
Roads around the project site
 Ensure all construction vehicles to and from the
construction site use the designated Entry/Exit to
the project site
 All transportation of construction raw materials and
Increased traffic excavated materials are to be conducted at traffic
off peak hours only
 Cover all trucks hauling soil, sand and other loose
materials to avoid spillage and dust emissions that
may interfere with smooth motoring
 "NO PARKING" signs will be posted around the
building where Parking is prohibited and likely to
cause obstruction as well as other necessary traffic
signs
 Traffic management/parking personnel shall be
provided to monitor parking and ensure smooth
motoring along the buildings adjacent roads
 Promote awareness on water conservation and
reducing water wastage
 Reduce water delivery in taps, through the
installation of low flow devices or aerators on taps
Increased water demand
 Press action taps, flush valves and urinal sensors
shall be used to minimize water wastage in public
washrooms
 Install water efficient plumbing.
 Improve lighting efficiency by efficient window
Increased Energy demand placement during project design (day-lighting)
 Identify and use equipment/systems having

minimum energy consumption

 Audit energy use occasionally
 Use alternative energy sources such as solar power
 Other mitigation measures are outlined within the
report
Conclusion
Considering the proposed location, construction, management and mitigation measures that will
be put in place and the project’s contribution in the provision of quality facility and creating
employment opportunities its implementation is considered important and beneficial.
The key effort should be geared towards safeguarding the environment. This can be effectively
overcome through close following and implementation of the recommended Environmental
Management Plan.

1 Introduction
1.1 Background and Rationale for ESIA
Mubarak Kedir is proposing to construct school blocks development on plot 5500 located in
Sidama regional state Dara woreda, Metisho Millennium Kebele. The proposed development
will mainly comprise of Office space, class rooms, and associated ancillary facilities within the
proposed plot.
Environmental Impact Assessment is a tool for environmental Planning and has been identified
as a key component in new project implementation. According to the Environmental Impact
Assessment Proclamation No 299/2002 new projects must undergo Environmental Impact
Assessment. The Report of the same must be submitted to Environment Authority for approval
and issuance of relevant certificates. This was necessary as many forms of developmental
activities cause damage to the environment and hence the greatest challenge today is to
maintaining sustainable development without interfering with the environment. The planned
project is proposed to be established in, Sidama regional state Dara woreda, Metisho Millennium
Kebele. The project falls under category II project which demand Partial EIA.
1.2 Scope and Objective of the ESIA

1.2.1 Scope
The Government of FDRE policy on all new projects, programs or activities requires that an
environmental impact assessment be carried out at the planning stages of the proposed
undertaking to ensure that significant impacts on the environment are taken into consideration
during the design, construction, operation and decommissioning of the facility. The scope of this
Environmental Impact Assessment, therefore, covered:
 The baseline environmental conditions of the area,

 Description of the proposed project,
 Provisions of the relevant environmental laws,
 Identification and discussion of any adverse impacts to the environment anticipated from
the proposed project,
 Appropriate mitigation measures,
 Provision of an environmental management plan outline.
1.3 Methodology of the ESIA

1.3.1 Data Collection Procedures
Data collection was carried out through administration of questionnaires, use of checklists,
observations and photography, site visits and desktop environmental studies, where necessary, in
the manner specified in Environmental Impact Assessment Procedural Guideline, Series 1, 2003.

1.3.2 Desktop Study

This included documentary review on the nature of the proposed activities, project documents,
Nairobi County Development Plan, and relevant legislative and regulatory frameworks among
others. It also included discussions with the developer, project managers, architects and design
engineers.
1.3.3 Site Assessment

Field visits were carried out specifically for physical inspection of the proposed project site
characteristics and the environmental status of the surrounding areas to determine the anticipated
impacts. It also included taking photographs of the proposed site, access roads that will be used
to access the site and other important features within the site and the surrounding areas.
1.3.4 ESIA Public Consultation

To ensure adequate public consultation in the ESIA process, the Consultant prepared
questionnaires which were administered to the sites neighbors and the information gathered was
subsequently synthesized and incorporated into the ESIA Study Report.
1.3.5 Reporting and Documentation

A comprehensive ESIA Study Report containing the findings has been compiled by the
Consultant in accordance with EFCCC guidelines and submitted to Sidama National State
EFCCA by the Firm of Experts on behalf of the proponent for consideration and approval.
The Study Report outline is as follows:
 Executive Summary
 Chapter 1: Introduction
 Chapter 2: Project Description and Location
 Chapter 3: Baseline Information
 Chapter 4: National Policies, Strategies and Regulatory Framework
 Chapter 5: Public Participation
 Chapter 6: Assessment of Environmental Impacts
 Chapter 7: Impacts Mitigation and Monitoring
 Chapter 8: Environmental Management Plan
 Chapter 9: Conclusion and Recommendations
Appendices
1.4 Obligations of the Consultant

The Consultant undertook all the works necessary to produce the ESIA Report and the
supporting details for submission to EFCCA. In order to do this, the Proponent provided a
contact person to provide information required by the Consultant and background information of
the proposed project. The Proponent also provided copies of land ownership and project details.
Copy of the land title deeds of the proposed site is appended within the Appendix of this study
Report.

2 Project Description and Location

2.1 Project Description
The proponent is proposing to construct a building development on a total of 5,500 square meters
located in Dara Woreda, Metisho Millennium Kebele under the ownership of the proponent and
used as a school compound. The proposed development will mainly comprise of Office space,
class rooms, and associated ancillary facilities within the proposed plot.
The actual design components of the project include:-

 Construction of a building;
 Construction of a driveways, sidewalks and parking bays;
 Development utilities (water, drainage, electricity, health and safety systems, IT systems
and security);
 Site landscaping/beautification.
2.2 Location and Size of the Project

The proposed project site is located in a total of 5,500 square meters located in Dara Woreda,
Metisho Millennium Kebele.
Figure 2-1: Photo Image of Mubarak Kedir Primary School Project Site
2.3 Building Particulars

The Design of the building incorporated a ‘whole building approach’ in line with the design
requirements of high-performance buildings. This approach generally involves the integration of
all building components and systems and determines how they best work together to save energy
and water and also reduce environmental impact.

In general, the design of the project will essentially optimize the use of best available technology
to prevent or minimize potentially significant environmental impacts associated with the project
and to incorporate efficient operational controls together with trained staff, to ensure high level
business and environmental performances.
2.3.1 Electrical System

The development will be connected to the electricity main line of the EEU Power and Lighting
Company which already exists within the project area and thus will be used in all phases of the
project. There will be an 11,000Kva main line with a bulk meter which will then be stepped
down through ABB step down transformers to 220 V. It is also expected that a generator(s) will
be installed within the development once complete. The necessary guidelines and precautionary
measures relating to the use of electricity shall be adhered to. The use of alternative energy
standby system of Solar Power panel and Power Storage is planned in the design.
2.3.2 Security
Security within and around the project during construction and during operational phases will be
enhanced by security guards posted at the site and installation of security lighting around the
project site. During operation, 24 hours security will be incorporated by having security guards
on site, radio call security alarms systems, and security lighting around and within the premises.
2.3.3 Health and Safety Systems

Several health and safety implements will be incorporated into the project design so as to boost
the emergency response and preparedness index of the building. Portable fire extinguishers and
smoke detectors shall be incorporated at strategic points in all Blocks. Emergency response and
“Emergency Exit” notices will also be posted where applicable and appropriate.
2.3.4 Water Reticulation System

Water from the Dara Woreda Water Service (DWWS) will be used during the construction phase
of the project.
2.3.5 Storm Water Run-off

All storm water drainage will be channeled into storm water drains which will be constructed
within the project surroundings. The drains will then be channeled to the nearby existing
peripheral storm water drainage systems. All inspection chambers in the driveway and parking
will have heavy duty covers.
2.3.6 Waste Water/Sewerage

Foul water drainage from the building block will be collected and stored at the project site in
sewerage/septic tank built underground that will be covered with heavy duty reinforced concrete
slab with appropriate manhole covers for easy access. All sanitary works will be up to M.O.H
standards.

2.3.7 Landscaping
The project site will be landscaped after construction, using plant species available locally. This
will include establishment of flower gardens to improve the aesthetic quality of the site.
Sidewalks and decks will also be incorporated around the project site to allow easy access and
provide a beautiful finish to the project exterior.
2.4 Description of the Project’s Construction Activities

2.4.1 Pre-construction Investigations
The implementation of the proposed project’s design and construction phase will start with
thorough investigation and studies of the site’s biological, physical and socio-economic factors
in order to minimize any unforeseen adverse impacts during the project cycle.
2.4.2 Site Set Up and Management

This involves activities such as screening, fencing the project site, setting up temporary offices,
construction of temporary roads, car parks, storage areas etc.
2.4.3 Demolition Works and Site Clearance

Site clearance process entails any obstruction on the way of the intended construction activity.
This entails clearing of obstructions including vegetation that may lie within the proposed project
path.
Clearance of existing vegetation including trees and grasses will also be inevitable if the design
of the buildings is taken into account. Site clearance will result in significant generation of solid
waste generation which should be disposed by using appropriate methods to be identified within
this report.
2.4.4 Ground Works

Ground works such as excavation and deep trenching, filling, and the construction of earth
structures e.g. embankments, bunds and cuttings; will be carried out to prepare the site for
construction of foundations and drainage systems. This may use manual labour.
2.4.5 Construction of Foundations and Structural Works

The construction of the buildings foundations, walls, pavements and drainage systems among
other components of the proposed project will involve a lot of masonry work and related
activities. General masonry and related activities will include concrete mixing, plastering,
construction of foundations, construction of the envelope of the building, the external facings,
cladding, erection of building walls and, curing of fresh concrete surfaces. These activities are
known to be labour intensive and will be supplement by machinery such as concrete mixers,
tower hoists, pavers, concrete vibrators.

2.4.6 Structural Steel Works

The building will be reinforced with structural steel for stability. Structural steel works will
involve steel cutting, welding and erection.
2.4.7 Mechanical and Electrical Installations and Associated Trades

Electrical work during construction of the buildings will include installation of electrical gadgets
and appliances including meters, electrical cables, lighting apparatus, sockets etc. In addition,
there will be other construction activities involving the use of electricity such as welding, metal
cutting, running electrical gadgets etc.
Plumbing will entail the installation of pipe-work for water supply and distribution will be
carried out within the building and associated facilities. In addition, pipe-work will be done to
connect the building into the existing sewer system and for drainage of storm water from the
rooftops and driveways into the peripheral storm water drainage system.
Other associated trades include as joinery, painting, window placement and plastering. These
activities will include metal, wood, glass, plastic and ceramic tiles cutting, and the use of
adhesives, metal grinding and wall drilling among other activities.
2.4.8 Landscaping and Habitat Restoration or Creation

To improve the aesthetic value or visual quality of the site once construction ceases, landscaping
will be carried out. This will include establishment of flower gardens and sidewalks to improve
the visual quality of the site. The use top soil and indigenous plant species that are available
locally is preferable.
2.4.9 Site Reinstatement, Removal of Site Offices and Final Clear Away
This includes site reinstatement, removal of temporary building structures such as scaffolds and
props, removal of fittings machinery and equipment and final clear away of surplus spoil.
2.5 Description of the project’s Operational Activities

2.5.1 Commercial and Residential Activities
Office, class rooms, and demonstration room are the main uses once the construction of the
building is complete.
2.5.2 Partitioning, General Repairs and Maintenance

The building and associated facilities will be repaired and maintained regularly during the
operational phase of the project. Such activities will include repair of building walls and floors,
repair and maintenance of electrical gadgets and equipment, repairs of leaking water pipes,
painting, maintenance of flower gardens and replacement of worn out materials among others.
Partitioning of some of the open office and retail spaces may also be carried out from time to
time.

2.5.3 Housekeeping
Regular cleaning (sweeping, mopping, vacuuming, polishing etc) of the buildings floors, carpets,
staircases, pavements and general compound is expected to be carried out during the operational
phase of the project. Individual tenants will be responsible for cleaning their Blocks while
general areas shall be cleaned by the various blocks appointed agents.

3 Baseline Information
3.1 Background Information on the Project Area
3.1.1 A Location
3.1.1.1 The Sidama National Regional State
The Sidama Region is a regional state of Ethiopia. It was formed on 18 June 2020 from
the Southern Nations, Nationalities, and Peoples' Region (SNNPR) and transformation of
the Sidama Zone after a 98.52% vote in favor of increased autonomy in the 2019 Sidama
Referendum. Sidama is bordered to the south by the Oromia Region (except for a short stretch in
the middle where it shares a border with Gedeo zone), on the west by the Bilate River, which
separates it from Wolayita zone, and on the north and east by the Oromia Region. Towns in
Sidama include Hawassa, the capital of Sidama, Yirgalem, Wondogenet, Chuko, Hula, Bona,
Bursa, Bensa, and Aleta Wendo. Sidama has a population of around 3.2 million in 2017 who
speak the Cushitic language Sidama (Sidaamu Afoo).
Sidama has 879 kilometers of all-weather roads and 213 kilometers of dry-weather roads, for an
average road density of 161 kilometers per 1,000 square kilometers.
Sidama Region is the leading coffee-producing region in Ethiopia, which contributes greatly to
the foreign exchange of the federal government. The Central Statistical Agency (CSA) reported
that 63,562 tons of coffees were produced in Sidama and Gedeo combined in the year ending in
2005, based on inspection records from the Ethiopian Coffee and Tea authority. This represents
30% of the of Ethiopia's total output.
There is a high value attached to livestock by the Sidama, among whom a person without cattle
is not regarded as a fully-grown social person, but as an outcast.

Figure 3-1: Map of the Sidama Regional state
3.1.1.2 Dara Woreda

Dara is one of the administrative woreda of Sidama, Sothern Nations Nationalities and Peoples’
Region of Ethiopia. Dara is bordered on the south by the Gedeo Zone and on either side of it by
the Oromia Region, on the northwest by Chuko, on the north by Aleta Wendo, and on the
northeast by Hula. Towns in Dara include Kebado, Abera and Machisho. The woreda
administration Kebado which is located at 87 km southeast of the regional capital Hawassa and
at 355 km South of Addis Ababa. Geographically located at 60 30’N latitude, 380 25’ E
longitudes.

Figure 3-2 Administrative Map of Dara Woreda
3.1.2 Climate
The Woreda experiences a modified type of tropical climate. Summer months in Dara woreda
are June through September and winter months (February through May) are exhibited variations
in seasonal amount of rainfall and monthly spread. The Woreda receive a mean annual rainfall
varying from 1000mm-2800mm and mean maximum and minimum temperature of 26 0C and 10
0C. The altitude ranges from 1554 - 2149 masl.
3.2 Socio-Economy
3.2.1 Population
Based on the 2007 Census conducted by the CSA, this woreda has a total population of 155,265,
of whom 76,475 are men and 78,790 women; 10,660 or 6.87% of its population are urban
dwellers. The majority of the inhabitants were Protestants, with 85.54% of the population
reporting that belief, 7.04% practiced Ethiopian Orthodox Christianity, 2.55% were Muslim,
2.36% observed traditional religions, and 1.43% were Catholic

3.2.2 Infrastructure
The economic growth and overall development of a country depends on the presence and
improvement of infrastructure facilities such as Road, Telephone, Water Supply, electricity and
so on.
3.2.2.1Water Supply
Water is our most precious resource. It is vital to life. Humans, plants, and animals are made up
of mostly water. All living things would die if it weren't for water. We use water for drinking,
washing, cleaning, cooking, transportation and growing our food as well as many, many other
socio-economic developments.
In general all over the country and Dara woreda administration in particular, we can say that the
clean water is not adequately available especial for the Woreda administration rural as well as
urban dweller. Presently access to water supply in the Woreda has shown spectacular progress.
While access has increased substantially with funds from internal revenue and external aid, much
still remains to be done to achieve the millennium development goal.
3.2.2.2Transport and Roads Infrastructure

Dara Woreda has developed transport network which includes both private and public services.
Roads are a critical component of any Woreda transportation infrastructure. Dara Woreda
Administration invests in major transport infrastructure projects.
The Woreda Administration is building an improved road and transport network across Woreda
through a range of key projects including major rural road construction and Coble stone road
construction. According to a 2004 report, Dara had 8 kilometers of asphalt road, 66 kilometers of
all-weather roads and 16 kilometers of dry-weather roads, for an average road density of 369
kilometers per 1000 square kilometers
3.2.2.3Industry and Commerce

Dara is the one of the most important consumer centre of the Region and the core of its industrial
activity. Nowadays the Woreda serves as the center for privately owned industrial companies.
Among Daras’s main industries are foods processing of Metisho town generally for domestic
markets. Construction and various service industries also contribute to the Woreda’s economy.
3.2.2.4Financial Services
Financial services are available in the Woreda, and being provided by Major Banks namely,
Commercial bank of Ethiopia, Dashen Bank, Abyssinia Bank, and Debub- Global Bank
Also, some credit institutions that facilities small credit and saving service. These credit facilities
are provided to individuals as well as groups for economic activities.

3.3 Biological Environment of the Site
3.3.1 Overviews of Biological Environment and its Attributes
Biological environment includes all form of life prevailing within a given ecosystem. In general,
it encompasses all types of living organisms, both plant and animal species, ranging from micro
to macro in size, pertaining either in terrestrial or aquatic habitat, playing diverse ecological
functions in a given landscape.
Above all, the minute micro organisms living in the soil such as bacteria, protozoa, nematodes,
algae and the like as well as the giant trees, mammals, birds, amphibians, rodents, reptiles …etc
are the elements of biological environment with the respective ecological roles in the natural
ecosystems.
In turn, ecosystems comprise of living organisms, non-living physical environment and the
interactions among them. The living components of an ecosystem and their dynamic interactions
with each other and with their physical environment are the crucial basis for the healthy and
normal functioning of nature. In fact, the perturbation in any attribute an ecosystem has
outreaching effects and may disrupt the overall functional stability of the environment since the
functional processes of an ecosystem are closely interdependent, working in synergy.
3.4 Environmental Effects of Development Ventures; Need for EIA

People, basically, are compatible with nature to exist and develop in harmony with their
environment as long as their socioeconomic activities are well-matched the natural system
creating little negative impact to the natural environment. The pressure on the natural
equilibrium of the ecosystem is mostly attached to the development activities that are sightless
about the possible ecological problems that may emanate from human interventions that are
launched without adequately planning and analyzing the overall consequences.
The sustainable development paradigm clearly calls for a more comprehensive, integrated,
systemic approach that takes a long-term view of the development interventions through
preplanning and adequately analyzing the existing economic, environmental and social settings
so as to minimize the anticipated detrimental effects and to augment the envisioned development
goals.
From this, it becomes crucially indispensable to describe the current state of affairs of biological
environment including the vegetation types, fauna and the overall dynamics of the ecosystem, in
the sites and its environs where it is intended to develop and operate the School business.

3.5 Describing the Biological Environment of the Project

3.5.1 Size and Location of the Project Site
The proposed site is about 5,500 square meters of land and the company has planned to develop
building blocks of the Mubarak Kedir Primary School in Dara Woreda located in Metisho
Millennium Kebele around Addis-Nairobi Road.
3.5.2 Land use Land cover of the Project Site

The Land use type of the site is under urban development area assigned for School purpose.
The land cover of the development site built up area with hedge row exotic tree species
(Graviliya Spp.).

4 National Policies, Strategies and Regulatory Framework

4.1 Policy Framework
The proposed Mubarak Kedir Primary School Building Project will be governed by the relevant
environmental policies, strategies, proclamations to ensure environmental sustainability. The
environmental policies, laws, legislations, proclamations and institutional frameworks pertinent
to this project are summarized and presented below.
4.1.1 Constitution of the Federal Democratic Republic of Ethiopia

The Constitution is the supreme law of the country, whose provisions are providing guidance to
all other policies, regulations and institutional frameworks. The Constitution of the FDRE has
various provisions that are aimed to ensure the implementation of development project in an
environmentally sustainable manner.
The concepts of sustainable development and environmental rights are enshrined in the
Constitution of the FDRE through articles 43 and 44, which states among others the right to
development and right to live in clean and healthy environment. Article 44(2) of the Constitution
states that all persons who have been displaced, or whose livelihood has been adversely affected
as a result of state programs have the right to commensurate monetary or alternative means of
compensation including relocation with adequate State assistance . The government shall pay fair
compensation for property found on the land but the amount of compensation shall not take into
account the value of land. Moreover the Constitution states that, without prejudice to the right to
private property, the government may expropriate private property for public purposes subject to
payment in advance of compensation commensurate to the value of the property (Article 40(8).
Moreover, Article 43 (2) dealing with the rights to development states that nationals have the
right to participate in national development and, in particular, to be consulted with respect to
policies and projects affecting the community.
Article 92 of the Constitution states that the design and implementation of any program and
development projects shall not damage or destroy the environment, and people have the right to
be fully consulted and express their views in planning and implementation of environmental
policies and project.
4.1.2 Ethiopia’s Climate Resilient Green Economy Strategy

To cope up with the prevailing environmental problems such as land degradation, rainfall
fluctuation, increasing temperature, flooding and speed up its socioeconomic development, the
Government of Ethiopia has planned a climate-resilient green economy as a development
strategy. This development direction promotes environmental protection, reducing fossil fuel
consumption which releases greenhouse gases into the atmosphere. With demand for energy
growing with the increasing population, industrialization and urbanization, the Government

realized that harnessing clean and renewable energy sources such as wind, solar, hydro and
geothermal energy sources is critical.
4.1.2.1Environmental Policy of Ethiopia

The Environmental Policy of Ethiopia (EPE) was issued in April 1997. The overall policy goal is
to improve and enhance the health and quality of life of all Ethiopians and promote sustainable
social and economic development through sound management and use of natural, human-made
and cultural resources and their environment as a whole, so as to meet the needs of the present
generation without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their own needs. The
policy consists mainly of guiding principles and various sect-oral and cross-sect-oral policies for
sustainable environmental management.
The policy seeks to ensure the empowerment and participation of the people and their
organizations at all levels in environmental management activities, raise public Awareness and
promote understanding of the essential linkage between environment and development. In
addition to its guiding principles, the policy addresses sect-oral and cross sect-oral environmental
issues.
4.1.3 Industrial Policy and Strategy of Ethiopia

Ethiopia has set its own industrial policy and strategy as of august 2002.The industry
development strategy of the country has put in place the principles that primarily focus on the
promotion of agricultural lead industrialization, export lead development, and expansion of labor
intensive industries these principles are interdependent and inter linked to one another. The
strategy has also set the other principles that clearly stated the pivotal contribution of the private
sector, the leadership role of the Government, and the integrated and coordinated participation of
the public at large in nurturing the strategy. This strategy refers to those industries which are
primarily involved in the production of manufactured gods. Attempt has also been made to
include other industrial classified sectors in the document other than the manufacturing
industries.
4.1.4 Land Tenure Policy

The Constitution of the Federal Democratic Republic of Ethiopia (FDRE) states that the right to
ownership of rural and urban land, as well as all natural resources, is exclusively vested in the
State and People of Ethiopia. Article 40 of the Constitution indicates that land is a common
property of the Nations, Nationalities and the People of Ethiopia, and shall not be subjected to
sale or to other means of transfer.
The Constitution of FDRE retained land under the control of the people and government of
Ethiopia thus, prohibiting its buying and selling. Also article 4(5) of the Proclamation 94/1994
deals with provision of land for the conservation, development and utilization of state forests or
protected areas. However, this can be effective only after the consultation and consent of the
peasantry and subject to the assurance of their benefits.

In general, all legal provisions cited above, make rural lands the property of the People and
Government of Ethiopia, and buying and selling of land is prohibited but leasing rights is
allowed. Moreover, it is the right for existing land owner to be compensated fully and
satisfactorily if land is expropriated by the state.
The Land Policy of Ethiopia strongly support that project plans must include attractive and
sustainable resettlement strategies to the people who are going to be displaced as a result of the
development plan, and they have to be fully convinced, compensated and have to participate in
all phases of the project implementation.
4.1.5 National Policy of Women

This Policy was issued in March 1993 and stresses that all economic and social programs and
Activities should ensure equal access of men and women to the country’s resources and in the
decision making process so that they can benefit equally from all activities carried out by the
Federal and Regional institutions.
4.2 Legislative Framework

4.2.1 Environmental Impact Assessment (Proclamation No. 299/2002)
This Proclamation (No 299/2002) aims primarily at making the EIA mandatory for categories of
projects specified under a directive issued by the EPA. The law specifies the projects and
activities that will require an environmental impact assessment (EIA). The proponent of the
project must prepare the EIA following the format specified in the legislation. The EPA will then
review the EIA and either approve the project (with or without conditions) or reject it. The
Proclamation requires, among other things:
 Specified categories of projects to be subjected to an EIA and receive an authorization
from the EPA or the relevant regional environmental agency prior to commencing
implementation of the project.
 Licensing agencies to ensure that the requisite authorization has been duly received prior
to issuing an investment permit, a trade or operating license or a work permit to a
business organization.
 The EPA or the relevant regional environmental agencies may issue an exemption from
carrying out an EIA in projects supposed to have an insignificant environmental impact.
 A licensing agency may suspend or cancel a license that has already been issued where
the EPA or the relevant regional environmental agency suspends or cancels
environmental authorization.
To put this Proclamation into effect the EPA issued guideline Documents, which provide details
of the EIA process and its requirements. According to this EIA guideline projects are categorized
into three schedules:
Schedule 1: Projects which may have adverse and significant environmental impacts thus
requiring a full Environmental Impact Assessment
Schedule 2: Projects whose type, scale or other relevant characteristics have potential to cause
some significant environmental impacts but are not likely to warrant a full EIA study
Schedule 3: Projects which would have no impact and do not require an EIA
However, projects situated in an environmentally sensitive areas such as land prone to erosion;
desertification; areas of historic or archaeological interest; important landscape; religiously
important area, etc. will fall under category 1 irrespective of the nature of the project.
According to this guideline all project proponents and executing bodies (agencies) in the country
should operate in close cooperation with the EPA to ensure that proper mitigating measures are
designed and implemented, especially for projects with an adverse effect on the environment.
This in effect means that an Environmental Impact Statement (EIS) should be prepared by
project proponents and be examined, commented and approved by the EPA.
4.2.2 Environmental Pollution Control (Proclamation No. 300/2002)

Proclamation No. 300/2002 on Environmental Pollution Control primarily aims to ensure the
right of citizens to a healthy environment and to impose obligations to protect the environment of
the country. The law addresses the management of hazardous waste, municipal waste, and
establishment of environmental quality standards for air, water and soil; and monitoring of
pollution. In this connection the Proclamation provides a basis from which the relevant
environmental standards applicable to Ethiopia can be developed, while sanctioning violation of
these standards as criminally punishable offences
Furthermore, it empowers the Federal Environmental Protection Authority or the Regional

Environmental Authority to assign environmental inspectors with the duties and responsibilities
of controlling environmental pollution. In order to ensure implementation of environmental
standards and related requirements, inspectors belonging to the EPA or the relevant regional
environmental agency are empowered by the Proclamation to enter, without prior notice or court
order, any land or premises at any time, at their discretion. Such wide powers derive from
Ethiopia's serious concern and commitment to protecting the environment from pollution.
4.2.3 Proclamation 513/2007, Solid Waste Management

Proclamation no. 513/2007 aims to promote community participation in order to prevent adverse
effects and enhance benefits resulting from solid waste. It provides for preparation of solid waste
management action plans by urban local governments.
Therefore, Solid Waste Management Proclamation No. 513/2007 states (Article 5.1) that Urban
Administrations shall ensure the participation of the lowest administrative levels and their
respective local communities in designing and implementing their respective solid waste
management plans. In Article 5.1 each Region or urban administration shall set its own schedule

and, based on that, prepare its solid waste management plan and report of implementation.
Measures related to waste handling and disposal:
 Any person shall collect waste in an especially designated place and in a manner, which
does not affect the health of the society.
 No person shall dispose solid, liquid or any other waste in a manner which contaminate
the environment or affects the health of the society.
4.2.4 Regulation 159/2008, Prevention of Industrial Pollution

As a follow up to Proclamation 300/2002, a regulation to prevent industrial pollution was
developed by the Federal Environmental Protection Authority and endorsed by the Council of
Ministers to ensure compatibility of industrial development with environmental conservation.
This Regulation confers important obligations to industrial operators. A factory subject to the
regulations is obliged to prevent or minimize the generation and release of pollutants to a level
not exceeding the environmental standards. The regulation also obliges industrial operators to
handle its equipments, inputs and products in a manner that prevents damage to the environment
and to human health. Moreover, the regulations urge industrial operators to prepare and
implement an emergency response system of their own. On the other hand industrial operators
are required to prepare and implement internal environmental monitoring systems and keep
written records of the pollutants generated and the disposal mechanisms used to get rid of the
pollutants. In relation to it, factories are required by the regulation to submit annual compliance
reports with the provision of the regulations.
4.2.5 Labour Proclamation 377/2003

The Labor Proclamation (which was revised in 2003) provides the basic principles which govern
labor conditions taking into account the political, economic and social policies of the
Government, and in conformity with the international conventions and treaties to which Ethiopia
is a party. The proclamation under its Part Seven, Chapter One, and Article 92 of this
proclamation deals with Occupational Safety, Health and Working Environment, Prevention
Measures and Obligations of the Employers. Accordingly the Proclamation obliges the employer
to take the necessary measure for adequate safeguarding of the workers in terms of their health
and safety. Moreover, the Occupation Health and Safety Directive (MOLSA, 2003) provides the
limits for occupational exposure to working conditions that have adverse impacts on health and
safety.
4.2.6 National Rural Land Administration and Use (Proclamation No. 456/2005)
The Rural Land Administration and Use Proclamation (Proclamation No. 456/2005) defines the
state ownership of rural land and the tenure rights of the land occupant, including rights to
"property produced on his land", rights of inter-generational tenure transfer, and rights of
exchange land and limited leasing rights. Provisions are made for the registration and
certification of tenure rights. Part Three of the Proclamation presents regulations relating to the

use of rural land, particularly as it relates to soil and water conservation and watershed
management. The rural land administration and land use laws are to be implemented by the
regional states.
Land holding right gives the right to use the land for agricultural purposes as well as to lease it
and, while the right remains in effect, bequeath it to family members, as well as the right to
acquire property thereon, by labor or capital, and to sell, exchange and bequeath the same. The
Proclamation also addresses environmental concerns, including non-compliance with directives
on environmental protection.
Article 7(3) of the Proclamation reinforces the rights of land users to compensation for the
development they have made on the land. It also states that when the land holder is evicted by
federal government, the rate of compensation would be determined based on the federal land
administration law. When the rural land holder is evicted by regional governments, the rate of
compensation would be determined based on the rural land administration laws of regions.
It is envisaged that the Proclamation will create a sense of ownership among the vast majority of
the rural population and enable them to take initiatives and collectively engage in environmental
management activities.
4.2.7 International Conventions and Protocols

In addition to the national policies, strategies and regulations aimed to protect the environment
the government has the obligation to enforce international environmental laws ratified by
Ethiopia and are aim to protect the global environment. Among these international
environmental protection conventions and protocols the Vienna Convention/Montréal Protocol is
the one that has relevance to the proposed project.
The Vienna Convention and the Montreal Protocol are the building blocks for the Protection of
the Ozone Layer. The measures contained in the Treaties and Amendments are aim to achieve a
gradual ban on production and consumption of ozone-depleting substances. Several options were
considered for ODS emission control measures. One option considered was to "allocate emission
rights on the basis of gross national product and population."
The use of some substances is controlled under Montreal Protocol among them are the CFCs
(chlorofluorocarbons) and HCFCs (hydro-chloral-flour-carbons) which can be used as
refrigerants in refrigeration plants:. Ethiopia became a party to the convention and to the protocol
in October 1994. According to article 9(4) of the Constitution of the Federal Democratic
Republic of Ethiopia once an international agreement is ratified through the accepted or
established procedure, it automatically becomes an integral part of the law of the land.

4.3 Institutional Framework

4.3.1 The Environmental Protection Organs
Environmental Protection Proclamation (Proc. 295/2002) is aimed to assign the responsibilities
for environmental management to various entities in order to ensure sustainable use of
environmental resources, thereby avoiding possible conflicts of interest and duplication of
efforts. It is also intended to establish a system that fosters coordinated but differentiated
responsibilities among environmental protection offices at a federal and regional level.
At the federal level the Environmental Protection Authority is in charge of formulating policies,
laws, regulations and standards. Enforcing the laws and policies including EIAs and
environmental monitoring, for all projects or activities that falls under the control of the Federal
Government also falls within the responsibilities of the EPA.
Each of the main federal institutions active in the construction of infrastructure, or economic
development is required by law to have its own environmental unit. The Ministry of Water
Resource is one of the few federal institutions that indeed have an Environment Unit.
According to the Environmental Protection Organs Proclamation, the regional states are required
to create their own regional environmental agencies. These institutions are to deal, among others,
with EIAs for regionally managed infrastructures or development activities.
4.3.2 Federal Environmental Protection Authority (EPA)

The EPA which is now upgraded to the level of ministry is an independent authority, acting
outside the main ministerial structures and reporting directly to the prime minister. The federal
EPA is the key national level environmental agency, with a mandate to address environmental
issues. The environmental legislation gives the EPA powers to fulfill its role, support all federal
agencies in establishing environmental units, and develop skills in strategic environmental
analysis of policies and public instruments. The EPA is involved in the development of
environmental policy and legislation, setting environmental quality standards for air, water and
soils, monitoring pollution, establishing EIA procedures and an environmental information
system, and undertaking capacity development in relevant agencies to ensure the integration of
environmental management in policy development and decision making.

5 Stakeholders Consultation
The Masincho Municipality has prepared investment areas to provide for implementing different
projects. The consultation with administration and the community couldn’t conduct since
Mubarak Kedir Primary School development project will be developed on the municipality
investment area.
5.1 Objective of the Meeting

The objective of the consultation was to hear the opinion of the local community and
administration about the planned activities of the proposed project.
The consultancy team introduced the purpose of the meeting and asked the transparent opinion of
the participants on the Environmental and social impact of the proposed project as they are the
representing the community. Their opinion is taken as unanimous view of the entire society.
The Communities at the vicinity of the proposed project are interested with the school and its
activities and are willing to collaborate in the project implementation as well as positive about
the improvement of the locality when the project is implemented and the school developed.
The consulted community members are:

1. Ato Tadesse Yakob Resident
2. Commander Milion Amache Resident and Chief of the Sub city Police (0911746831)
3. W/ro Mulusew Eniyew Resident/ Trader- Internet and Stationery shop (0911698681)
4. W/t Meskerem Zeleke Resident/ Trader- Coffee Shop and Fast Food (0902241756)
The anticipated risks and the suggested mitigation methods by the community around the project
site are:
 Security risk and theft associated with increased people activity and casual work force
o Provide sufficient security guards specifically for the construction project;
o Coordinate the security patrol with the Keble police and community policing
activities;
 Dust and particulate emission and health risk
o Watering of the project site;
o Covering the construction site by dust barrier;
o Proper and timely removal of construction waste and excavated soil;
 Damage to local infrastructure (power line, water supply system)
o Care during excavation and construction;
o Arrange for the removal and re-installation of power line and water supply pipe
lines before construction starts by discussing with the concerned bodies if the

infrastructure interfere with the proposed construction activities;

 Increased traffic and road accident
o Properly look in to the option of using alternative roads around the project site by
the construction machinery and vehicles.
The local authority appreciated the development efforts of the school as well as acknowledged
the contribution of the school to the local area development. The local authority indicated their
support and encouragement to the project implementation by letter attached with this report.
6 Assessment of Environmental Impacts

6.1 Introduction
This Section identifies and discusses both positive and negative impacts associated with the
proposed project. The potential impacts from the proposed project area are identified and
assessed based on the nature, magnitude and merits/or demerits of the various activities
associated with the project.
This Chapter therefore describes the anticipated positive and negative impacts of the proposed
project due to project location and during construction and operation phases.
6.2 Negative Impacts during Construction Phase
The following negative impacts are also associated with the construction of the proposed project.
6.2.1 Loss of Vegetation

Before the construction process begins clearing of some of the existing vegetation cover has to
occur, especially the hedgerow trees of exotic species. However, construction activities will
inevitably lead to loss of vegetation in some areas hence leading to degradation of natural and
aesthetic environment, for this case is insignificant.
6.2.2 Extraction and Use of Building Materials

Building materials such as hard core, ballast, cement, rough stone and sand required for the
construction of the proposed project will be obtained from quarries, sand harvesters etc. Since
substantial quantities of these materials will be required for construction of the proposed project,
the availability and sustainability of such resources at the extraction sites will be negatively
affected-as they are not renewable in the short term. In addition, the sites from which the
materials will be extracted may be significantly affected in several ways including landscape
changes, displacement of animals and vegetation, poor visual quality and opening of depressions
on the surface leading to several human and animal health impacts.
6.2.3 Noise Pollution and Vibration

Significant increases in noise and vibration levels may be expected during construction of the

proposed project. Such noise and vibrations may be generated from concrete pumps; concrete
vibrators; dump trucks; hammering; vibrators; compactors; water pumps and even construction
workers.
The impact of noise and vibrations on the surrounding community depends upon:
 Characteristics of the noise and vibrations source (instantaneous, intermittent, or

continuous in nature);
 Time of day at which noise and vibrations occur; and
 Location of noise and vibrations source with respect to sensitive receptor.
Though the level of discomfort caused by noise and vibrations is subjective, the most commonly
reported impacts of increased noise levels are interference in oral communication, hearing loss,
anxiety and disturbance of sleep. Vibration impacts may include the cracking of nearby existing
structures such as foundations, walls and swimming pools.
Noise and vibrations may also have an impact on the workers in the proposed project.
Nonetheless, all the noise and vibrations generating activities shall be undertaken during day
hours and appropriate measures shall be instituted to counter the said pollution.
6.2.4 Impact on Air Quality (Generation of Exhaust and Dust Emissions)

Potential impacts on the air quality during the construction stage will be due to the fugitive dust
and the exhaust gases generated in and around the construction site. The sources of air emission
can be grouped into three categories of point, area and line sources:
 A point source is a single source of emission with an identified location, such as an

industry;
 An area source is when the sources of emission are many widely distributed point sources
having relatively comparable significance; and
 A line source is when the sources of emission from a number of fixed or moving facilities
have relatively comparable significance, such as roads.
Fugitive dust (depending on the timing of construction) and vehicular emissions are the major
components of air pollution. The following construction related activities are generally
associated with these emissions:
 Site clearance, excavation and use of heavy vehicles and machinery/equipment at

construction site;
 Transportation of construction materials such as sand, cement, steel, masonry stone to the
construction site; and
 Operating of construction machinery and equipments

During the period of maximum construction activity, the fuel consumption is expected to rise
significantly and the background concentrations of suspended particulate matter (SPM),
reparable particulate matter (RPM), sulphur dioxide (SO2), nitrogen dioxide (NO2) and both
carbon monoxide (CO) and lead (Pb) are also expected to rise.
These emissions if not appropriately mitigated can have significant respiratory and cardio-
pulmonary effects on the local population, the health effects may range from subtle biochemical
and physiological changes to difficulty in breathing, wheezing, coughing and aggravation of
existing respiratory and cardiac conditions. The impacts of such emissions can be greater in areas
where the materials are sourced and at the construction site as a result of frequent gunning of
vehicle engines, activities associated with site clearance, excavations, spreading of the topsoil
during construction, frequent and fast vehicle movement in the loading and offloading areas.
Because large quantities of building materials are required, some of which are sourced outside
far from the project site, such emissions can be enormous and may affect a wider geographical
area.
6.2.5 Disposal of Solid Waste

Construction activities create solid wastes that need to be disposed. Such wastes include: Sand,
Concrete, Gravel, Stones, Bricks, Plastics, Paper, Wood, Metals, Glass, and Cleared biomass
among others. These wastes if handled inappropriately may have a direct impact on the local
community. Disposal of the same solid wastes off-site could also be a social inconvenience if
done in wrong places. The off-site effects could be un-aesthetic view, pest breeding, unhygienic
conditions, choking of nearby drains and pollution of physical environment. The severity of such
impacts will depend upon the magnitude and type of construction waste. All construction waste
should be disposed in sites approved by the Woreda EPFD Office.
6.2.6 Soil Erosion and Water Logging

Soil erosion is likely to occur during construction at the site once exposed by excavation works
especially during rainy and windy seasons. Considering the land clearing, excavation and other
construction processes, soil will be exposed to erosion agents leading to soil/land degradation
hence impacting negatively on the environment. Water logging of the proposed site may also
occur in the event of heavy rainfall after excavation.
6.2.7 Surface and Ground Water Hydrology and Water Quality Degradation
Construction activities for the proposed development can have impacts on hydrology and ground
water quality of the area. Changes in surface hydrology can occur due to landscaping;
construction of impervious surfaces such as parking lots, roads and buildings (buildings increase
the volume and rate of runoff, resulting in habitat destruction, increased pollutant loads, and
flooding); blockage of existing drainages can also influence groundwater hydrology (i.e.
recharge rates, flow, conditions).
Potential sources of impacts on hydrology and ground water quality during the construction

phases are as follows:
 Soil run-off from the site leading to off-site contamination- particularly during rainy
season: The excavated area, if linear, could act as a conduit to extend groundwater
contamination to new areas.
 Improper disposal of construction debris leading to offsite contamination of water
resources or blocking of drainages leading to flooding.
 Spillage of oil and grease from the vehicles and wastewater stream generated from on site
activities.
6.2.8 Increased Water Demand

During the construction phase, both the construction works and the construction workers will
create additional demand for water in addition to the existing local demand. Water will mostly be
used in the creation of concrete for construction works and for wetting surfaces or cleaning
completed structures. It will also be used by the construction workers for washing and drinking.
6.2.9 Energy Consumption

The proposed project will consume fossil fuels for construction machines (mainly heavy and
light trucks; concrete pumps; concrete vibrators; dump trucks; compactors; water pumps) to run.
Fossil energy is non-renewable and its excessive use may have serious environmental
implications on its availability, price and sustainability. The proposed project will also use
electricity supplied by EEU Electricity in Ethiopia is generated mainly through natural resources,
namely, water and geothermal resources. In this regard, there will be need to use electricity
sparingly since high consumption of electricity negatively impacts on these natural resources and
their sustainability.
6.2.10 Increased Insecurity

The proposed project may cause an increase in insecurity during the construction phase due to
the increased number of transient workers and suppliers within and around the project site.
Construction sites are known to attract large numbers of semi-skilled and un-skilled labour
searching for job openings and may also use the opportunity to scout for potential robbery or
Taft.
6.2.11 Increased Traffic

Obstruction by construction transport vehicles and construction activities adjacent to the nearby
roads during the construction phase may lead to the increase in traffic along Roads. This may be
exacerbated if these activities time/schedule coincide with Peak Traffic hours.
6.2.12 Workers Accidents and Public Safety

In any civil works, public as well as construction staff safety risks can arise from various
construction activities such as:-

 Deep excavations;
 Operation and movement of heavy equipment and vehicles;
 Injuries from falling objects; and
 Injuries from hand tools.
Because of the duration and complexity of the construction phase of the proposed project, such
activities need to be controlled and consequently the associated risks will be reduced. Proper
supervision, high workmanship performance, and provision of adequate safety measures will
suppress the likelihood of such impacts on the public and ensure enhanced occupational safety.
6.3 Positive Impacts during Construction Phase

A number of positive impacts are associated with the proposed project during construction phase.
These are as discussed below.
6.3.1 Employment opportunities

The construction of the proposed project is expected to provide direct and indirect employment
to a number of workers. However, the exact number cannot be predetermined at this stage. These
range from unskilled casual workers, semi-skilled and skilled employees.
6.3.2 Provision of Market for Supply of Building Materials

The proposed project will require supply of large quantities of building materials most of which
will be sourced locally in the surrounding areas. Producers and suppliers of materials such as:
masonry stone, iron sheets, timber, paint, electrical cables, water storage equipments, water
pipes, steel, glass, sand, cement, fuel, will thus get a ready market for their merchandise.
6.3.3 Improving Growth of the Economy

Through the use of locally available materials during the construction phase of the project
including cement, concrete and ceramic tiles, timber, sand, ballast electrical cables etc, the
project will contribute towards growth of the economy by contributing to the gross domestic
product. The consumption of these materials, fuel oil and others will attract taxes including VAT
which will be payable to the government hence increasing government revenue while the cost of
these raw materials will be payable directly to the producers.
6.4 Negative impacts during operation phase

The following negative impacts are associated with the proposed project during its operation
phase.
6.4.1 Increased Traffic

It is expected that the number of vehicles around the project site shall increase hence leading to
the possibility of commensurate increase in traffic. This shall be dependent on the location of the
buildings car park entry/exit, traffic control measures in place, number of tenants/visitors to the
building, the nature of businesses within the building amongst other factors.

6.4.2 Water Use

During operation of the proposed project, a lot of water will be used. Water use is driven by the
number of uses and users within the buildings. Water will be sourced from the Dara woreda
Metisho Millennium kebele Water service mains supply line.
6.4.3 Electricity Consumption

During operation, the building will use a lot of electrical energy mainly for purposes which
include lighting, running of electrical gadgets including office equipments, air conditioning
equipment, refrigeration systems, air compressors, pumping water into reservoirs. Since
electricity generation involves utilization of natural resources, excessive electricity consumption
will strain the resources and negatively impact on their sustainability.
6.4.4 Increased Storm Water Flow

The building roofs and pavements will lead to increased volume and velocity of storm water
around the project site. This will lead to increased amounts of storm water entering the peripheral
storm water drains.
6.4.5 Solid Waste Generation

During the operation phase, solid waste generation is expected to occur from various sources and
activities carried out within the building. Solid waste impacts are expected to be minor but there
impact maybe significant in the absence of a proper waste management plan i.e. improper
disposal of waste may have adverse environmental effects.
6.4.6 Increased Noise Level

There will be increased noise pollution due to traffic from visitors who will be coming to the
School building.
6.5 Positive Impacts during Operation Phase

Just as in the construction phase, there are positive impacts associated with the proposed project
during operation phase. These positive impacts are discussed below.
6.5.1 Employment Opportunities

Employment opportunities are one of the long-term major impacts of the proposed project. A
number of people will be employed in various capacities in different professional and non-
professional areas at the building.
6.5.2 Increase in revenue to national and local governments

The commissioning of the proposed project will result in positive gains for numerous authorities-
Revenue Authority, Dara woreda through payment of relevant taxes, rates and fees to the
respective institutions.

6.5.3 Optimal use of Land

Change in land use from idle land to land on which a modern commercial building blocks stand
will optimize land use.
7 Impacts Mitigation and Monitoring

7.1 Introduction
This Chapter highlights the necessary mitigation measures that will be adopted to prevent or
minimize significant negative environmental, health and safety impacts associated with the
activities the proposed project during its construction and operation phases. Allocation of
responsibilities, time frame and estimated costs for implementation of these measures are
presented in the Environmental Management Programme (EMP) in Chapter 8.
7.2 Mitigation of Construction Phase Impacts

7.2.1 Minimizing Vegetation Disturbance
To minimize effects and mitigate vegetation disturbance the proponent shall:-
 Ensure proper demarcation of the project area to be affected by the construction works.
This will be aimed at ensuring that any disturbance to flora is restricted to the actual
project area and avoid spillover effects on the neighboring areas.
 Ensure strict control of construction vehicles to ensure that they operate only within the
area to be disturbed by access routes and other works.
 Re-vegetate of some of the disturbed areas through implementation of a well designed
landscaping programme.
7.2.2 Efficient Sourcing and Use of Raw Materials

The Proponent will source building materials such as sand, ballast and hard core from registered
quarry and sand mining firms, whose projects have undergone satisfactory environmental impact
assessment/audit and received ESMA approval. Since such firms are expected to apply
acceptable environmental performance standards, the negative impacts of their activities at the
extraction sites are considerably well mitigated.
To reduce the negative impacts on availability and sustainability of the materials, the Proponent
will only order for what will be required through accurate budgeting and estimation of actual
construction requirements. This will ensure that materials are not extracted or purchased in
excessive quantities. Moreover, the Proponent will ensure that wastage, damage or loss (through
run-off, wind, etc) of materials at the construction site is kept minimal, as these would lead to
additional demand for and extraction or purchase materials.
In addition to the above measures, the Proponent shall consider reuse of building materials and
use of recycled building materials where applicable. This will lead to reduction in the amount of
raw materials extracted from natural resources as well as reducing impacts at the extraction sites.

7.2.3 Minimization of Noise and Vibration

The Contractor of the proposed project shall put in place several measures that will mitigate
noise and vibration pollution arising during the construction phase. The proponent shall ensure
that he complies with all relevant requirements in the Environmental Management and
Coordination (Noise and Excessive Vibration Pollution) (Control) Regulations, by:-
 Apply for a License from EMA whereby maximum permissible noise levels are to be
exceeded
In this regard the following noise-suppression techniques will be employed to minimize the
impact of temporary construction noise at the project site.
 Prescribe noise reduction measures if appropriate e.g. restricted working hours and
transport hours and noise buffering;
 Install portable barriers to shield compressors and other small stationary equipment
where necessary and locate stationary noise sources as far from existing sensitive
receptors as possible;
 Use quiet equipment (i.e. equipment designed with noise control elements such as
mufflers);
 Co-ordinate with relevant agencies regarding all construction activities in the project site;
 Limit trucks and other small equipment to minimize idling time and observe a common-
sense approach to vehicle use such as shutting up idle engines whenever possible; and
 Ensure use of well serviced and maintained vehicles and equipment.
7.2.4 Minimization of Dust Generation and Emission

Controlling dust during construction is useful in minimizing nuisance conditions and
consequently health (respiratory and eye) complications. It is recommended that a standard set of
feasible dust control measures be implemented for all construction activities. Emissions of other
contaminants (Nitrogen oxides, Carbon dioxide, Sulphur oxides, and diesel related Particulate
Matter PM10) that would occur in the exhaust from heavy equipment are also included.
The Proponent shall be committed to implementing measures that shall reduce air quality
impacts associated with construction. Dust emissions will be controlled by the following
measures:-
 Provide 2.4 meter high hoarding along site boundary

 Provide effective dust screen, sheeting or netting where a scaffolding is erected around
the perimeter of a building under construction, from the ground floor level of the
building, or if a canopy is provided at the first floor level, from the first floor level, up to
the highest level of the scaffolding;
 any skip hoist for material transport shall be totally enclosed by impervious sheeting;
 Water all active construction areas when necessary;
 Cover all trucks hauling soil, sand and other loose materials or require all trucks to
maintain at least two feet of freeboard;
 Pave, apply water when necessary, or apply (non-toxic) soil stabilizers on all unpaved
access roads, parking areas and staging areas at construction site;
 Down wash of trucks (especially tyres) prior to departure from site;
 Use of electrically operated construction machinery to avoid externalities produced by
diesel engines. This procedural change may reduce problems related to emission, idling
and maintenance; and
 Rapid on-site construction so as to reduce duration of traffic interference and therefore
reducing emissions from traffic delays.
All personnel working on the proposed project will be trained prior to starting construction on
methods for minimizing air quality impacts during construction. Specific training will be focused
on minimizing dust and exhaust gas emissions from heavy construction vehicles.
Minimization of exhaust emissions will be achieved through proper planning of transportation of

materials to ensure that vehicle fills are increased in order to reduce the number of trips done or
the number of vehicles on the road. In addition truck drivers will be sensitized to avoid
unnecessary racing of vehicle engines at loading/offloading areas, and to switch off or keep
vehicle engines at these points.
The following measures shall be implemented during construction:-
 The engine size of the construction equipment shall be the minimum practical size;
 The number of construction equipment operating simultaneously shall be minimized
through efficient management practices;
 To ensure that the smallest practical number is operating at any one time;
 Construction equipment shall be maintained in tune per the manufactures specifications;
 Idling of heavy duty diesel trucks during loading and unloading shall be minimized; and
 Alternatively fuelled construction equipment shall be used where feasible.
7.2.5 Minimization of Construction Waste

It is recommended that construction waste be recycled or reused to ensure that materials that
would otherwise be disposed of as waste are diverted for productive uses. In this regard, the
Proponent shall be committed to ensuring that construction materials left over at the end of
construction will be used in other projects rather than being disposed of.
In addition, damaged or wasted construction materials including cabinets, doors, plumbing and
lighting fixtures, marbles, ceramic tiles and glass will be recovered for refurbishing and use in
other projects. Such measures will involve the sale or donation of such recyclable/reusable
materials to construction companies, local community groups, institutions and individual
residents or homeowners.

The Proponent shall put in place measures to ensure that construction materials requirements are
carefully budgeted and to ensure that the amount of construction materials left on site after
construction is kept minimal.
It is further recommended that the Proponent should consider the use of recycled or refurbished
construction materials. Purchasing and using once-used or recovered construction materials will
lead to financial savings and reduction of the amount of construction debris disposed of as waste.
Additional recommendations for minimization of solid waste during construction of the proposed
project include:-
 Use of durable, long- lasting materials that will not need to be replaced as often, thereby
reducing the amount of construction waste generated over time;
 Provision of facilities for proper handling and storage of construction materials to reduce
the amount of waste caused by damage or exposure to the elements;
 Use of building materials that have minimal packaging to avoid the generation of
excessive packaging waste; and
 Use of construction materials containing recycled content when possible and in
accordance with accepted standards.
7.2.6 Minimization of Insecurity

The Proponent shall be committed to implementing measures that shall reduce security threats by
the following measures:-
 The proposed project plot has shall be accessed through a designated entry/exit point
during the transportation of all raw materials in and out the construction phase of the
project.
 Security shall be enhanced by ensuring security guards are always posted within and
around the project site and strategic placement of security lights around the site.
 A roster of all construction workers shall be kept while measures shall be put in place to
ensure that loitering by itinerant workers is discouraged.
Unattended public access to the construction site shall be restricted and only one entry/exit point
shall be used.
7.2.7 Controlling Soil Erosion and Water Logging

The Proponent will put in place some measures aimed at minimizing soil erosion and associated
water logging from the proposed project site during construction. These measures will include:-
 Terracing, levelling and ripping off compacted areas of the project site to reduce run-off
velocity and increase infiltration of storm water into the soil
 Digging trenches and cut off drains to channel runoff into drainages

 Proper planning of site excavation works such that a section is completed and
rehabilitated before another section begins
 Ensuring that construction vehicles are restricted to existing graded roads to avoid soil
compaction within the project site
 Surface runoff and roof water shall be harvested and stored in underground reservoir for
reuse
 A storm water management plan that minimizes impervious area infiltration by use of
recharge areas and use of detention and/or retention with graduated outlet control
structures will be designed.
7.2.8 Minimization of Surface and Groundwater Contamination

Several measures shall be put in place to mitigate the impacts that are likely to lead to surface
and groundwater quality degradation. The Proponent will prepare a hazardous substance control
systems and emergency response plans that will include preparations for quick and safe cleanup
of accidental spills. It will prescribe hazardous-materials handling procedures to reduce the
potential for a spill during construction, and will include an emergency response programme to
ensure quick and safe cleanup of accidental spills. The plan will identify areas where refueling
and vehicle maintenance activities and storage of hazardous materials, if any, will be permitted.
7.2.9 Minimization of Water Use

A combination of water saving appliances and water management measures will be planned in
the proposed project. Rain water harvesting can serve as a solution to the water problem by
capturing the run off. Rainwater harvesting will help in utilizing the primary source of water and
prevent the runoff from going into sewer or storm drains. In addition to this the option of
utilizing own water supply source like shallow well (Ground water) development should be
assessed.
7.2.10 Minimization of Energy Consumption

The Proponent shall ensure responsible electricity use at the construction site through
sensitization of staff to conserve electricity by switching off electrical equipment or appliances
when they are not being used. In addition, proper planning of transportation of materials will
ensure that fossil fuels (diesel, petrol) are not consumed in excessive amounts. Complementary
to these measures, the Proponent shall monitor energy use during construction and set targets for
reduction of energy use.
7.2.11 Minimization of Construction Related Traffic

The following measures shall be put in place so as to manage traffic along surrounding roads
during construction:-
 Ensure that the Entry/Exit to the project site is located where it will cause minimal traffic
along the main asphalt Road
 Ensure all construction vehicles to and from the construction site use the designated

Entry/Exit to the project site

 All transportation of construction raw materials and excavated materials are to be
conducted at traffic off peak hours only
 Sensitize truck drivers to avoid unnecessary road obstruction
 Cover all trucks hauling soil, sand and other loose materials to avoid spillage and dust
emissions that may interfere with smooth motoring
 Work hours shall be restricted to the period between 8:30 a.m. and 3:30 p.m., Monday
through Friday, unless approved otherwise. When night work is required, work hours
shall be 9 p.m. to 5 a.m.
 Access to driveways will be maintained at all times unless other arrangements are made
7.2.12 Minimization of risks of accidents and injuries to workers

To reduce the construction workers accidents and hazards during the construction phase of the
proposed project, the Proponent shall be committed to adherence to the occupational health and
safety rules and regulations stipulated in Occupational, Safety and Health Act. In this regard, the
Proponent shall be committed to provision of appropriate personal protective equipment, as well
as ensuring a safe and healthy environment for construction workers as outlined in the EMP.
7.3 Mitigation of Operation Phase Impacts

7.3.1 Traffic Management
The following measures shall be put in place so as to manage traffic along surrounding roads
during operational phase of the project:-
 "NO PARKING" signs will be posted around the building where Parking is prohibited
and likely to cause obstruction as well as other necessary traffic signs
 Traffic management/parking personnel shall be provided to monitor parking and ensure
smooth motoring along the buildings adjacent roads
 Access to driveways will be maintained at all times
 Any work that disturbs normal traffic signal operations shall be coordinated with the
relevant authorities Ensure efficient water use
The Proponent should install water-conserving automatic taps and toilets. Moreover, any water
leaks through damaged pipes and faulty taps will be fixed promptly by qualified staff. In
addition, the occupants will be sensitized to use water efficiently. The following water saving
investments should be taken into consideration:-
 Reduce water delivery in taps, through the installation of low flow devices or aerators on
taps
 Press action taps and flush valves shall be used to minimize water wastage Sensors on
urinals, which ensure flushes, occur only when required in public areas of the proposed
project; and
 Install water efficient plumbing.

7.3.2 Ensure Efficient Energy Consumption

The Proponent plans to install an energy-efficient lighting system at the building as well as solar
power equipment. This will contribute immensely to energy saving during the operational phase
of the proposed project. In addition, all staff members will be sensitized to ensure energy
efficiency in their operations. To complement these measures, it will be important to monitor
energy use during the operation and set targets for efficient energy use. The following energy
saving techniques can be applied:-
 Staff shall be sensitized to switch off machinery, equipment and lights when not being
used
 Install energy saving bulbs and fluorescent lights
 Use of variable-speed motors to optimize the basement car park ventilation system
performance
 Install alternative energy such as solar power and/or consider use of a highly efficient,
inverter-type split-cycle system for heating and cooling, which also uses a more
environmentally friendly refrigerant
7.3.3 Ensuring Efficient Solid Waste Management

During the operation phase of the proposed project, waste will be generated. All these waste
should be handled according to the Solid Waste Management Proclamation, 513/2007.
The Proponent of the proposed project will be responsible for efficient management of solid
waste generated by the proposed project during its operation. In this regard, the Proponent will
provide waste handling facilities such as waste bins and skips for temporarily holding of waste
generated at the site. In addition, the Proponent will ensure that such wastes are disposed of
regularly and appropriately.
Since the proposed project will be generating a substantial amount of waste, an integrated solid
waste management system is recommended. First, the Proponent will give priority to reduction at
source of the materials. This option will demand a solid waste management awareness
programme in the management and the employed staff. Secondly, recycling, reuse and
composting of the waste will be the second alternative in priority. This will call for a source
separation programme to be put in place. The third priority in the hierarchy of options is
combustion of the waste that is not recyclable in order to produce energy. Finally, sanitary land
filling will be the last option for the Proponent to consider.
In order to achieve the above three recommendations the following will be done.
Public awareness
 Sign boards and information notices informing the public to dispose waste appropriately
shall be posted within the premises.

Waste segregation
 Segregation or sorting of waste at its source should be practiced in order to encourage

reuse/recycling and to maximize the negative effects of the waste and increase its
economic value. With segregation at source recyclables do not lose their commercial
value due to cross contamination; and
 On all floors dedicated bins will be placed to collect biodegradable and non-
biodegradable wastes.
Collection bins
 Daily collection of wastes shall take place from all the bins;
 Daily sweeping and collection of waste from common areas such as lobbies, staircases,
entrances shall be done daily by management appointed cleaners; and
 Wastes shall be collected daily from all bins to a transfer station awaiting final collection.
Separate collection for bio-degradable and non-biodegradable wastes will be ensured.
Waste treatment and disposal
 Solid waste generated by the proposed project would be collected and disposed of by a
licensed private firm.

8 Environmental Management Plan

8.1 Introduction
The proposed project Proponent realizes that its development and operational activities will have
some impacts on the biophysical environment, health and safety of its staff, clients and members
of the public, and socio economic well being of the local community.
An environmental management plan has been developed to assist the Proponent in mitigating
and managing environmental impacts associated with the life cycle of the project. The EMP has
been developed to provide a basis for an Environmental Management System (EMS; ISO 14001
principles) for the project. It is noteworthy that key factors and processes may change through
the life of the project and considerable provisions have been made for dynamism and flexibility
of the EMP. As such, the EMP will be subject to a regular regime of periodic review.
Tables 8-1, 8-2 and 8-3 form the core of this EMP for the construction, operational and
decommissioning phases of the project. In general, the Tables outline the potential safety, health
and environmental risks associated with the project and detail all the necessary mitigation
measures, their financial costs, as well as the persons responsible for their implementation and
monitoring. The EMP will be used as checklist in future environmental audits.
8.2 Construction Phase EMP

The necessary objectives, activities, mitigation measures, and allocation of costs and
responsibilities pertaining to prevention, minimization and monitoring of significant negative
impacts and maximization of positive impacts associated with the construction phase of the
project are outlined in Table 8-1 below.


Table 8-1: EMP for the Construction Phase of the Proposed Project
Expected Negative
Recommended Mitigation Measures Responsible Party Time Frame Cost (ETB)
Impacts
1. Minimize extraction site impacts and ensure efficient use of raw materials in construction
1. Source building materials from local
Project Manager & Throughout
suppliers who use environmentally
Contractor construction period
friendly processes in their operations.
2. Ensure accurate budgeting and
estimation of actual construction
material requirements to ensure that the
least amount of material necessary is
High demand of raw
ordered.
material
3. Ensure that damage or loss of
materials at the construction site is kept 200,000
minimal through proper storage.
4. Use at least 5%-10% recycled,
refurbished or salvaged materials to Project Manager & Throughout
0
reduce the use of raw materials and Contractor construction period
divert material from landfills
2. Minimize vegetation disturbance at and or around construction site
1. Ensure proper demarcation and Contractor, Civil
delineation of the project area to be engineer & Project 3 Days 20,000
affected by construction works. Manager
2. Specify locations for trailers, cranes
& equipment, & areas of the site which
10 Days 20,000
should be kept free of traffic,
Vegetation disturbance equipment, and storage.
3. Designate access routes and parking
5 Days -
within the site.
4. Introduction of vegetation (trees,
shrubs and grass) on open spaces and Architect &
Monthly to Annually 20,000
around the project site and their Landscape specialist
maintenance.

5. Design and implement an appropriate

landscaping programme to help in re- Architect &
26 months 50,000
vegetation of part of the project area Landscape specialist
after construction.
3. Avoid encroaching on road reserves
Project proponent, During planning and
1. Comply with the Public Roads and
architect & throughout
Roads of Access Act
4. Reduce storm-water, runoff and soil erosion
1. Surface runoff and roof water shall be The Civil Engineer,
10,000 per
harvested and stored in underground Mechanical Engineer 2 months
unit
reservoir tanks for reuse. and Project Manager
2. A storm water management plan that
minimizes impervious area infiltration
by use of recharge areas and use of
1 month
detention and/or retention with
graduated outlet control structure will be
designed.
3. Apply soil erosion control measures
Increased storm water, such as leveling of the project site to
1 months
runoff and soil erosion reduce run-off velocity and increase
infiltration of storm water into the soil.
4. Ensure that construction vehicles are
The Civil Engineer,
restricted to existing graded roads to Throughout
Mechanical Engineer
avoid soil compaction within the project construction period
and Project Manager
site.
5. Ensure that any compacted areas are
2 months
ripped to reduce run-off.
6. Site excavation works to be planned
Throughout
such that a section is completed and Project Manager 5,000 per unit
construction period
rehabilitated before another section

begins.
7. Open drains all interconnected will be Throughout

Civil Engineer 5,000 per unit
provided on site. construction period
8. Roof catchments will be used to
Throughout
collect the storm water for some other Civil Engineer
construction period
uses.
9. Construction of water storage tanks to Throughout
Civil Engineer
collect storm water for construction use. construction period
5. Minimize deep trenching and excavation hazards
1. A barricade at least 900mm high must
be erected around a trench that is 1
meter or more deep unless it is not Throughout
The Civil Engineer
Persons falling possible only workers involved in the excavation works
and Project Manager
trench will be in the area; or another period
form of barrier exists (such as excavated
materials near the trench).
1. Excavated material should not be
Throughout
placed less than 600mm from the edge The Civil Engineer
Trench collapse or cave-in excavation works
of a trench to minimize risk of collapse and Project Manager
period
due to the weight of the spoil.
2. An excavation where a possibility of
Throughout
collapse or cave-in exists should be The Civil Engineer
excavation works
shored, shielded , benched or battered to and Project Manager
period
prevent the collapse or cave-in.
Ladders must be provided no more than
The Civil Engineer Throughout
Safe access and exit 9 meters apart in the area where work 20,000
and Project Manager excavation works
will be carried out
6. Minimize solid waste generation and ensure efficient solid waste management during construction

1. Use of an integrated solid waste

management system i.e. through a
hierarchy of options including: Source 50,000
reduction, Recycling, Reuse,
Combustion and Sanitary land filling.
2. Through accurate estimation of the
sizes and quantities of materials Project Manager &
One-off 0
required, order materials in the sizes and Contractor
quantities they will be needed
3. Ensure that construction materials left
over at the end of construction will be Project Manager &
One-off 0
used in other projects rather than being Contractor
disposed of.
4. Ensure that damaged or wasted
Increased solid waste construction materials will be recovered Project Manager &
One-off -
generation for refurbishing and use in other Contractor
projects.
5. Donate recyclable/reusable or
Project Manager &
residual materials to other users where One-off 0
Contractor
applicable
6. Use of durable, long-lasting materials
that will not need to be replaced as Project Manager & Throughout
-
often, thereby reducing the amount of Contractor construction period
construction waste generated over time
7.Provide facilities for proper handling
and storage of construction materials to Project Manager &
One-off 30,000
reduce the amount of waste caused by Contractor
damage or exposure to the elements
8. Use building materials that have
minimal or no packaging to avoid 0
packaging waste

9. Use construction materials containing

recycled content when possible and in 0
accordance with accepted standards.
10. Reuse packaging materials such as
cartons, cement bags, empty metal and Project Manager & Throughout
0
plastic containers to reduce waste at the Contractor construction period
site
11. Dispose waste more responsibly by
dumping at designated dumping sites or 15,000/month
landfills only.
12. Waste collection bins to be provided Project Manager & Throughout 4,000 per
at designated points on site Contractor construction period truckload
13. Private waste disposal company to
be contracted to transport and dispose
the solid waste from site
7. Reduce dust emissions
1. Provide 2.4 m high hoarding along Project Manager & Throughout
15,000
site boundary Contractor construction period
2. Provide effective dust screen,
Dust emission Throughout
sheeting or netting where a scaffolding Project Manager &
construction of
is erected around the perimeter of a Contractor
building envelope
building
3. Water all active construction areas Project Manager & Throughout
3,000
when necessary; Contractor construction period
4. Cover all trucks hauling soil, sand Project Manager & Throughout
0
and other loose materials Contractor construction period
5. Pave, apply water when necessary, or
apply (non-toxic) soil stabilizers on all Project Manager & Throughout
20,000
unpaved access roads, parking areas and Contractor construction period
staging areas at construction site
6. Sweep daily (with water sweepers) all
paved access roads, parking areas and
staging areas at construction sites;

7. Down wash of trucks (especially Project Manager & Throughout

-
tyres) prior to departure from site; Contractor construction period
8. Post signs that limit vehicle speeds
Project Manager &
onto unpaved roads and over disturbed One off 5,000
Contractor
soils;
9. Use of electrically operated
construction machinery to avoid
externalities produced by diesel engines
10. Personal Protective equipment to be Project Manager & Throughout
20,000
worn by all staff members Contractor construction period
8. Minimization of exhaust emissions
1. Vehicle idling time shall be Project Manager & Throughout
0
minimized Contractor construction period
2. Alternatively fuelled construction
equipment shall be used where feasible Project Manager & Throughout
0
equipment shall be properly tuned and Contractor construction period
Exhaust emission maintained
3. Sensitize truck drivers to avoid
unnecessary racing of vehicle engines at
loading/offloading points and parking 0
areas, and to switch off or keep vehicle
engines at these points
9. Minimization of noise and vibration
1. Sensitize construction vehicle drivers
and machinery operators to switch off Project Manager & Throughout
1,000
engines of vehicles or machinery not Contractor construction period
Noise and vibration
being used.
2. Use quiet equipment (i.e. equipment Project Manager & Throughout
designed with noise control elements Contractor construction period

such as mufflers);
3. Install portable barriers to shield Project Manager & Throughout
compressors and other small stationary Contractor construction period
equipment where necessary and locate -
stationary noise sources as far from
existing sensitive receptors as possible;
4. Sensitize construction drivers to avoid Project Manager & Throughout
gunning of vehicle engines or hooting Contractor construction period
especially when passing through 1,000
sensitive areas such as churches,
residential areas and schools
5. Ensure that construction machinery Project Manager & Throughout
are kept in good condition to reduce Contractor construction period 25,000
noise generation
6. Ensure that all generators and heavy Project Manager & Throughout
duty equipment are insulated or placed Contractor construction period
15,000
in enclosures to minimize ambient noise
levels.
7. Trees to be planted around the site to Project Manager & Throughout
provide some buffer against noise site foreman construction period 4,000
propagation
8. Prescribe noise reduction measures if Project Manager & Throughout
appropriate e.g. restricted working hours site foreman construction period 0
and transport hours and noise buffering;
10. Minimization of energy consumption
1.Ensure electrical equipment,
Increased energy machinery and lights are switched off 0
consumption when not being used
2. Install energy saving fluorescent Project Manager & Throughout 5,000

tubes at all lighting points instead of Contractor construction period

bulbs which consume higher electric
energy
3. Ensure planning of transportation of
materials to ensure that fossil fuels Project Manager & Throughout
10,000
(diesel, petrol) are not consumed in Contractor construction period
excessive amounts
4. Monitor energy use during
construction and set targets for 5,000
reduction of energy use
11. Minimize water consumption and ensure more efficient and safe water use
1. Connect to the existing Hawassa Mechanical Engineer and
High water demand One-off 20,000
City main water supply Project Manager
2. Harness rainwater for Mechanical Engineer and Throughout
construction activities usage Project Manager construction period
10-40 %
3. Install water conserving taps that
Project Manager & higher than
turn-off automatically when water One-off
Contractor price of
is not being used
ordinary taps
4. Promote recycling and reuse of Project Manager & Throughout
2,000
water as much as possible Contractor construction period
5. Install a discharge meter at all
Project Manager &
water outlets to determine and One-off 2,000 per unit
Contractor
monitor total water usage
6. Promptly detect and repair of Project Manager & Throughout 1,000 per
water pipe and tank leaks Contractor construction period month
7. Ensure taps are not running
1,000
when not in use
12. Minimize release of liquid effluent

1. Provide means for handling

Mechanical Engineer & 40,000 per
Generation of wastewater sewage generated by construction One-off
Project Manager month
workers, e.g. mobile toilets
2. Conduct regular checks for Mechanical Engineer & Throughout
2,000/month
sewage pipe blockages or damages Project Manager construction period
13. Ensure the general safety and security of the construction site and surrounding
Ensure the general safety and
security at all times by providing
Project Manager &
Safety and security day and night security guards and Continuous 20,000/month
Contractor
adequate lighting within and
around the construction site.
14.Mininize hydrology and water quality degradation
1. Hazardous substance control and The Mechanical Engineer,
Surface and groundwater emergency response plan that will Project Manager,
Continuous 10,000
contamination include preparations for quick and Contractor & the
safe clean up of accidental spills. Developer
2. Hazardous-materials handling
procedures to reduce the potential
The Mechanical Engineer Continuous 2,000
for a spill during construction to be
prescribed
3. Identify areas where refueling
and vehicle maintenance activities
The Mechanical Engineer Continuous -
and storage of hazardous materials,
if any, will be permitted
4. Ground water, will be collected
during construction contained and
The Mechanical Engineer Continuous -
disposed of in accordance with all
applicable regulations
15. Increased pressure on infrastructure

1. Coordinate relevant service

providers and authorities (i.e.
KPLC, NCC, NW&SCo, NEMA Architect, Project
Dilapidation of existing
amongst others) so as to harmonize Manager, Contact or and Continuous 200,000
infrastructure
the projects infrastructural and the Developer
socio-economic developments with
existing facilities
Architect, Project
2. Upgrade existing infrastructure
Manager, Contactor and Continuous 300,000
and services, if and where feasible.
the Developer
16. Minimize traffic around the project site and adjacent roads
1. Ensure all construction vehicles
Increased traffic, to and from the construction site Project Manager and Site Throughout
-
obstruction use the designated Entry/Exit to Foreman construction period
the project site
2. All transportation of construction
raw materials and excavated Project Manager and Throughout
-
materials are to be conducted at Contactor construction period
traffic off peak hours only
3. Sensitize truck drivers to avoid Project Manager, Throughout
-
unnecessary road obstruction Contactor & site foreman construction period
4. Cover all trucks hauling soil,
sand and other loose materials to
Project Manager, Throughout
avoid spillage and dust emissions -
Contactor & site foreman construction period
that may interfere with smooth
motoring
5. Work hours shall be restricted to Project Manager, Throughout
the period between 8:30 a.m. and Contactor & site foreman construction period -
3:30 p.m., Monday through Friday,

unless approved otherwise.

6. Access to driveways will be Project Manager, Throughout
maintained at all times unless other Contactor & site foreman construction period -
arrangements are made
17. Minimize occupational health and safety risks
Ensure that all building plans are
approved by the Local Authority
Approval of building plans Developer One-off 50,000
and the Local Occupational Health
and Safety Office
Registration of the project under
Registration of the the Occupational Safety and Health
Developer One-off 5,000
premises Act,2007 Laws of Kenya is
mandatory
A general register should be kept
within the facility as stipulated in Project Manager &
General register One-off 1,000
Occupational Safety and Health Contractor
Act,2007.
1. Ensure that provisions for
reporting incidents, accidents and
dangerous occurrences during
Incidents, accidents and Project Manager,
construction using prescribed forms Continuous 500/month
dangerous occurrences. Developer & Contractor
obtainable from the local
Occupational Health and Safety
Office (OHSO) are in place.
2. Enforcing adherence to safety
procedures and preparing The Contractor, Project
contingency plan for accident Manager& Site Safety Continuous 20,000
response in addition safety Officer
education and training shall be

emphasized.
Ensure that the premises are
insured as per statutory
Insurance Developer Annually -
requirements (third party and
workman’s compensation)
The Contractor, Project
Develop a clear site organization
Manager& Site Safety Continuous 5,000
plan and construction schedule
Officer
The Contractor, Project
Deliver and store materials at
Site organization Manager & Site Safety Continuous 10,000
appropriate locations
Officer
Hire the right number of workers The Contractor, Project
with clear work schedule and Manager & Site Safety Continuous 2,000
appropriate dress gear Officer
Develop, document and display
Safety, health and Project Manager,
prominently an appropriate SHE One-off 1,000
environment (SHE) policy Developer & Contractor
policy for construction works
Provisions must be put in place for
the formation of a Health and
Health and safety
Safety Committee, in which the Project Manager One-off 10,000
committee
employer and the workers are
represented
1. Suitable, efficient, clean, well-lit
and adequate sanitary conveniences
Project Manager One-off 20,000
should be provided for construction
Sanitary conveniences workers
2. Mobile toilets, changed 10,000-
Throughout
regularly, to be provided on site or Project Manager 30,000 per
construction period
latrines unit

Arrangements must be in place for

the medical examination of all
1,000 per
Medical examination construction workers before, during Project Manager, Continuous
examination
and after termination of
employment
1. Ensure that machinery,
equipment, personal protective
equipment, appliances and hand
tools used in construction do
Developer & Contractor One-off 0
comply with the prescribed safety
and health standards and be
appropriately installed maintained
and safeguarded
2. Ensure that equipment and work
tasks are adapted to fit workers and Project Manager,
Continuous 0
their ability including protection Developer & Contractor
against mental strain
Machinery/equipment
3. All machines and other moving 0
safety
parts of equipment must be
Project Manager One-off
enclosed or guarded to protect all
workers from injury
4. Arrangements must be in place 5,000 per
to train and supervise training
inexperienced workers regarding Project Manager Continuous
construction machinery use and
other procedures/operations
5. Equipment such as fire 5,000 per
extinguishers must be examined by examination
Project Manager Continuous
an authorized agency. The
equipment may only be used if a

certificate of examination has been

issued
6. Reports of such examinations 5,000 per
must be presented in prescribed examination
Project Manager Continuous
forms, signed by the examiner and
attached to the general register
1. Ensure that materials are stored
or stacked in such manner as to
Project Manager Continuous 15,000
ensure their stability and prevent
any fall or collapse
2. Ensure that items are not
stored/stacked against weak walls Project Manager Continuous 0
and partitions
1. All floors, steps, stairs and
passages of must be of sound Project Manager &
Continuous -
construction and properly Contractor
Storage of materials maintained
2. Securely fence or cover all Project Manager &
One-off -
Safe means of access and openings in floors Contractor
safe place of employment 3. Provide all staircases within the
Project Manager &
building with suitable handrails on One-off -
Contractor
both sides
4. Ensure that construction workers
are not locked up such that they Project Manager &
Continuous -
would not escape in case of an Contractor
emergency
5. All ladders used in construction
works must be of good construction Project Manager &
One-off 0
and sound material of adequate Contractor
strength and be properly

maintained
6. All of scaffolds and work
platforms shall be erected, altered Project Manager & Throughout
-
and dismantled by competent Contractor construction period
persons
7. All uprights must be provided
with base plates (and, where
necessary, timber sole plates) or -
prevented in some other way from
slipping or sinking
8. All scaffolds must be secured to
the building in enough places to -
prevent collapse
9. Guard rails or equivalent
protection to be in place to stop
falls from open edges on scaffolds, Project Manager & Throughout
-
mobile elevating work platforms, Contractor construction period
buildings, gangways, excavations,
etc
10. Enough barriers must be
erected at rooftop edges to protect Project Manager & Throughout
workers or materials falling from Contractor construction period
roofs
1. Design suitable documented
emergency preparedness and Project Manager &
One-off 2,000
Emergency preparedness evacuation procedures to be used Contractor
and evacuation procedures during any emergency
2. Such procedures must be tested Project Manager &
Every 3 months 2,000
at regular intervals Contractor

3. Ensure that adequate provisions

are in place to immediately stop
any operations where there in an Project Manager &
One-off 10,000
imminent and serious danger to Contractor
health and safety and to evacuate
workers
4. Ensure that the most current
emergency telephone numbers
Project Manager &
posters are prominently and One-off 1,000
Contractor
strategically displayed within the
construction site
5. Provide measures to deal with
emergencies and accidents Project Manager &
Continuous 5,000
including adequate first aid Contractor
arrangements
1. Well stocked first aid box which
is easily available and accessible Project Manager &
One-off 5,000
should be provided within the Contractor
construction site
First Aid
2. Provision must be made for
persons to be trained in first aid, Project Manager &
One-off 10,000
with a certificate issued by a Contractor
recognized body.
1. Firefighting equipment such as
fire extinguishers should be Project Manager &
One-off 30,000
provided at strategic locations such Contractor
Fire protection as stores and construction areas.
2. Regular inspection and servicing
Project Manager &
of the equipment must be Every 3 months 5,000
Contractor
undertaken by a reputable service

provider and records of such

inspections maintained
3. Signs such as “NO SMOKING”
must be prominently displayed
Project Manager &
within the construction site, One-off 2,000
Contractor
especially in parts where
inflammable materials are stored
Enough space must be provided
within the premises to allow for Project Manager &
Ventilation One-off 0
adequate natural ventilation Contractor
through circulation of fresh air
There must be adequate provision
for artificial or natural lighting in
Project Manager &
Lighting all parts the super structure in One-off 0
Contractor
which persons are working or
passing
Project Manager &
1. Circuits must not be overloaded Continuous 0
Contractor
2. Distribution board switches must
Project Manager &
be clearly marked to indicate One-off 0
Contractor
respective circuits and pumps
3. There should be no live exposed Project Manager &
Electrical Safety Continuous 0
connections Contractor
4. Electrical fittings near all
Project Manager &
potential sources of ignition should One-off 0
Contractor
be flame proof
5. All electrical equipment must be Project Manager &
One-off 0
earthed Contractor
1. Develop a suitable system for the Project Manager &
Chemical Safety One-off 10,000
safe collection, recycling and Contractor

disposal of chemical wastes,

obsolete chemicals and empty
chemical containers to avoid their
reuse for other purposes and to
eliminate or minimize the risks to
safety, health and environment
2. Ensure that all chemicals used in
construction are appropriately
labeled or marked and that material
safety data sheets containing
essential information regarding
Project Manager &
their identity, suppliers One-off 0
Contractor
classification of hazards, safety
precautions and emergency
procedures are provided and are
made available to employees and
their representatives
3. Keep a record of all hazardous
chemicals used at the site, cross- Project Manager &
Continuous 0
referenced to the appropriate Contractor
chemical safety data sheets
4. There should be no eating or
Project Manager &
drinking in areas where chemicals Continuous 0
Contractor
are stored or used
5. Provide workers in areas with
elevated noise and vibration levels, Project Manager &
One-off 5,000
with suitable ear protection Contractor
equipment such as ear masks
Supply of clean drinking Ensure that construction workers Project Manager &
One-off 5,000/month
water are provided with an adequate Contractor

supply of wholesome drinking

water which should be maintained
at suitable and accessible points.
Ensure that conveniently
accessible, clean, orderly, adequate
Project Manager &
Washing facilities and suitable washing facilities are One-off 5,000
Contractor
provided and maintained within the
site
1. Provision for repairing and
Project Manager &
maintaining of hand tools must be One-off 5,000
Contractor
in place
2. Hand tools must be of
Project Manager &
appropriate size and shape for easy One-off 0
Ergonomics Contractor
and safe use
3. Height of equipment, controls or
work surfaces should be positioned Project Manager &
One-off 0
to reduce bending posture for Contractor
standing workers

8.3 Operational Phase EMP

The necessary objectives, activities, mitigation measures, and allocation of costs and responsibilities pertaining to prevention, minimization
and monitoring of significant negative impacts and maximization of positive impacts associated with the operational phase of the project are
outlined in Table 8-2.
Table 8-2: Operation Phase EMP

Expected Negative
Impacts
1. Minimization of solid waste generation and ensuring more efficient solid waste management
1. Provide solid waste handling facilities Proponent/Building
One-off 10,000
such as waste bins and skips management
2. Ensure that solid waste generated at
the building is regularly disposed of Proponent/Building
Continuous 10,000/month
appropriately at authorized dumping management
sites
Solid waste generation
3. Ensure that building occupants
manage their waste efficiently through Proponent/Building
Continuous _
recycling, reuse and proper disposal management
procedures.
3. Donate redundant but serviceable Proponent/Building
Continuous 0
equipment to charities and institutions management
2. Minimize risks of sewage release into environment
1. Provide adequate and safe means of Building management One-off -
handling sewage generated (i.e.
NW&SCo sewer mains)
Sewage disposal
2. Conduct regular inspections for Building management Continuous 500 per
sewage pipe blockages or damages and inspection
fix appropriately

3. Minimize energy consumption

1. Switch off electrical equipment,
Staffs/ Building
appliances and lights when not being Continuous _
management
used
Energy resource utilization 10-40 %
2. Install occupation sensing lighting at
higher than
various locations such as storage areas Building management One-off
ordinary
which are not in use all the time
lighting
3. Install energy saving fluorescent 10-40 %
tubes at all lighting points within the higher than
Building management One-off
building instead of bulbs which ordinary
consume higher electric energy lighting
4. Monitor energy use during the
operation of the project and set targets Building management Continuous 2,000/month
for efficient energy use
5. Sensitize tenants & employees to use Building
Continuous 500/month
energy efficiently management/Staffs
4. Minimize water consumption and ensure more efficient and safe water use
1. Promptly detect and repair water pipe
Building management Continuous 2,000/month
and tank leaks
2. Encourage tenants and staffs to Building
conserve water management/Staffs
3. Ensure taps are not running when not Building
in use management/Staff
Water consumption
4. Install water conserving taps that 10-40 %
turn-off automatically when water is not Building management One-off higher than
being used ordinary taps
5. Install a discharge meter at water
outlets to determine and monitor total Building management One-off 2,000
water usage

5. Minimize Traffic around adjacent road

1. "NO PARKING" signs will be posted
Building
around the building where Parking is
Management &
prohibited and likely to cause Continuous
Traffic/Parking
obstruction as well as other necessary
Attendant
traffic signs
2. Traffic management/parking
personnel shall be provided to monitor Building
Continuous 5,000/ month
Traffic generation parking and ensure smooth motoring Management
along the buildings adjacent roads
3. Access to driveways will be Traffic/Parking
Continuous -
maintained at all times Attendant
Building
4. Any work that disturbs normal traffic
Management &
signal operations shall be coordinated Continuous -
Traffic/Parking
with the relevant authorities
Attendant
6. Minimization of health and safety impacts
1. Implement all necessary measures to
ensure health and safety of the workers
and the general public during operation
Proponent Continuous _
of the project as stipulated in
Occupational Safety and Health Act,
2007
7. Ensure the general safety and security of the premises and surrounding areas
1. Ensure the general safety and security
at all times by providing day and night 10,000-
Proponent Continuous
security guards and adequate lighting 15,000/month
within and around the premises.

8.4 Decommissioning Phase EMP

In addition to the mitigation measures provided in Tables 8-1 and 8-2 it is necessary to outline some basic mitigation measures that will be
required to be undertaken once all operational activities of the project have ceased. The necessary objectives, mitigation measures, allocation of
responsibilities, time frames and costs pertaining to prevention, minimization and monitoring of all potential impacts associated with the
decommissioning and closure phase of the project are outlined in Table 8-3.
Table 8-3: Decommissioning Phase EMP
Expected Negative
Impacts
1. Demolition waste management
1. Use of an integrated solid waste
management system i.e. through a
hierarchy of options: 1. Source Project Manager &
One-off -
reduction 2. Recycling 3.Composting Contractor
and reuse 4. Combustion 5. Sanitary
land filling.
2. All buildings, machinery, equipment,
structures and partitions that will not be
Project Manager &
used for other purposes must be One-off 0
Contractor
Demolition waste removed and recycled/reused as far as
possible
3. All foundations must be removed and
Project Manager &
recycled, reused or disposed of at a One-off 0
Contractor
licensed disposal site
4. Where recycling/reuse of the
machinery, equipment, implements,
Project Manager &
structures, partitions and other One-off 0
Contractor
demolition waste is not possible, the
materials should be taken to a licensed

waste disposal site

5. Donate reusable demolition waste to
Project Manager &
charitable organizations, individuals and One-off 0
Contractor
institutions
Architect, Project
6. Rehabilitate accordingly
Manager

9 Conclusion and Recommendations

9.1 Recommendations
 Consult all relevant service providers and authorities to harmonize the projects
infrastructural and socio-economic developments with existing facilities
 Adhere to all relevant construction, occupational, health and safety regulations and any
other relevant law.
 Ensure Water and Energy Management Systems are put in place as outlined within the
report and incorporate rain water harvesting facilities
 Solid waste management during construction and operational phases of the project must
adhere to the Environmental Management and Coordination (Waste Management)
Regulations, 2006
 Ensure strict adherence to provisions of Environmental Management and Coordination
(Noise and Excessive Vibrations Pollution) Regulations, 2009
 Ensure waste water is disposed off as per standards set in the Environmental
Management and Coordination (Water Quality) Regulations, 2006
 Ensure strict adherence to Occupational Health and Safety Act, 2007
 Ensure an elaborate landscaping program is put in place as the construction phase is
being concluded so as to replenish vegetation around the project site by planting trees,
flowers and lawns where applicable.
9.2 Conclusion
The Proponent of the proposed project shall be committed to putting in place several measures to
mitigate the negative environmental, safety, health and social impacts associated with the life
cycle of the project identified within this report.
It is recommended that in addition to this commitment, the proponent shall focus on

implementing the measures outlined in the EMP as well as adhering to all relevant national and
international environmental, health and safety standards, policies and regulations that govern
establishment and operation of such projects.
It is also recommended that the positive impacts that emanate from such activities shall be
maximized as much as possible. It is expected that these measures will go a long way in ensuring
the best possible environmental compliance and performance standards.

Appendices

Annex 1: CV of EIA Staff
Prepared by Rekik Development Consultants PLC Page ii

Position Title and No. Environmental Engineer (Project Manager)

Name of Expert: Demelash Amare
Date of Birth: 08/03/1977
Country of Citizenship/Residence Ethiopian
Education:
Masters Degree with Great Distinction in Environmental Engineering from Addis Ababa
University, Ethiopia, in July 2008.
B.Sc. Degree from Awassa College of Agriculture in Agricultural Engineering and

Mechanization, Ethiopia, in July 1999.
Employment Record:
Dates: 03/ 2015 To: Present
Employer: Rekik Development Consultants PLC.
Positions held: General Manager
Dates: 09/ 2013 To: 03/2015
Employer: Tabor Development Consult PLC.
Positions held: Senior Engineer
Dates: 06/ 2012 To: 08/2013
Employer: Sasakawa Global 2000 Ethiopia
Positions held: Program Officer
Dates: 06/ 2010 To: 05/2012
Employer: SAMS_JICA Study Team
Positions held: Research Assistant
Dates: 04/2009 To: 06/2010
Employer: Tabor Development Consultants
Positions held: Technical Specialist
Dates: 02/2007 To: 03/2009
Employer: Tesfalem Kiflu GC
Positions held: Site Engineer
Dates: 07/2003 To: 01/2005
Employer: South Omo Zone Rural Development Coordination Departement
Positions held: Irrigation Development Team Leader
Dates: 07/2001 To: 06/2003
Positions held: Irrigation Engineer I
Dates: 11/1999 To: 06/2001
Positions held: Rural Technologies Expert
Language Skills :
Prepared by Rekik Development Consultants PLC Page iii

LANGUAGE SPEAKING READING WRITING

Amharic Fluent Perfect Perfect
English Excellent Excellent Excellent
Contact Address:
Tele No: +251-911-817711
E-mail : demelashamare@gmail.com
Certification:
I, the undersigned, certify that to the best of my knowledge and belief, this CV correctly
describes myself, my qualifications, and my experience, and I am available to undertake the
assignment in case of an award. I understand that any misstatement or misrepresentation
described herein may lead to my disqualification or dismissal by the Client.
Name of authorized Signature Date

Representative of the Consultant
(the same who signs the Proposal)
Prepared by Rekik Development Consultants PLC Page iv

Position Title and No. Socio Economist

Name of Expert: Amare Shamo
Education :
 MSc. in Economics (1992, Moscow, Economics Academy)
 Diploma in General Agriculture and Co-operatives Development (Ardaeta,
Agricultural Economics & Cooperatives Development Institute 1985)
 Diploma in National Community Development and Social Work. (Awassa
Community Development & Social Works Institute 1974)
 Certificate in Accounting and Bookkeeping Ethiopian Management Institute 1997
 Distance education Managing Projects in Organization and by Objectives (Human
Resource, Quality, Cost, Marketing & Time Management), The George Washington
University School of Business and Public Project Management Institute, for six
months and certified
Other Training:
 2010 attended Knowledge Management and Net working International Training
workshop organized by IFAD From March 1-3,2010 In Addis Ababa International
Livestock Research Institute (ILRI)
 2010 Attended Rural Financial Intermediary Program of Cooperatives Sub sector
organized by Federal Cooperatives Agency (Coop management, Training need
identification, Accounting & Auditing of cooperatives enterprises)
 2009 attended TOT in the Ethiopian Management Institute course of (Projects M&E,
Management, planning and implementation processes.)
 2008 attended participatory impact assessment of projects, training prepared by
FARM Africa
 2006 Attended International workshop on training of trainers in Community Driven
Development (CDD) prepared by World Bank on challenges and successes of CDD
held on May 8-12, 2006 in Adama Ethiopia
Languages:
Russian Very Good Very Good Very Good
Gamo Fluent Perfect Perfect
Wollaita Very Good Very Good Very Good
Oromiffa Very Good Very Good Very Good
Prepared by Rekik Development Consultants PLC Page v

Employment Record:
Dates: Dec. 2010 To: Present
Employer: Pastoral Community Development Project (PCDP, SNNPR)
Positions held: Knowledge Management and Networking Officer
Dates: Dec. 2003 To: Dec. 2010
Employer: Pastoral Community Development Project (PCDP, SNNPR)
Positions held: Monitoring and Evaluation Specialist
Dates: Oct. 1998 To: Nov. 2003

Employer: Ethio-Italian Co-operation Arsi-Bale Rural Development Project (ABRDP)
Positions held: Micro Finance, Small and Medium Businesses, Agricultural Inputs and Products
Marketing Development Expert
Dates: Dec. 1994 To: Oct. 1998

Employer: Southern Region Co-operatives Development & Credit Project (SOCODEP)
Positions held: Coordinator
Dates: June 1993 To: Dec. 1994

Employer: Co-operatives Promotion, Marketing & Credit Department, Southern Region
Agricultural Development Bureau (SRADB)
Positions held: Manager
Dates: July 1980 To: August 1987

Employer: Agricultural Development Office, Bale Wabe
Positions held: Head
Dates: July 1977 To: June 1980

Employer: Extension and Project Implementation Department (EPID) Minimum Package
Program (MPP) in Bale
Positions held: Supervisor
Dates: July 1975 To: June 1977

Employer: Extension & Project Implementation Department (EPID)
Prepared by Rekik Development Consultants PLC Page vi

Positions held: Co-operative Organizer & Agricultural Extension Agent

Contact Address
Tele. No. +251-916-824795
+251-462-202074
E-mail amre689@yahoo.com
Certification:

Prepared by Rekik Development Consultants PLC Page vii

Position Title and No. Biologist

Name of Expert: Dereje W/Yohanis
Educational Background:
2004-2006 G.C., Addis Ababa University, MSc in Ecological and Systematic Zoology
1995-1999 G.C., Addis Ababa University, BSc in Applied Biology
Languages:
Employment Record:
Dates September 2010 up to now
Occupation or position held Lecturer/conservation biologist
Employer Dilla University, College of Natural & Computational Sciences, Department of
Biology
Dates April 2008 November 30, 2009
Occupation or position held Lecturer Animal Ecologist
Employer Dilla University, College of Natural & Computational Sciences, Department of
Biology
Dates December 10, 2009 August 30, 2010
Occupation or position held Head of the Department of Fisheries, Wetlands and
Wildlife Management
Employer Bahir Dar University, Faculty of Agriculture and Environmental Science,
Department of Fisheries, Wetlands and Wildlife Management
Dates August 2007 March 2008

Occupation or position held Coordinator
Employer Ethiopian Wildlife Association, P.O.Box 102298, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
Dates September 2006 July 2007

Occupation or position held Ecologist and Deputy Park Manager
Employer African Parks (project terminated)
Dates December 2000 August 2004
Occupation or position held Park Biologist
Prepared by Rekik Development Consultants PLC Page viii
Employer SNNPR Parks, Hotels and Tourism Agency

Contact Address:
Tele. No. +251-911-423070
E-mail: wyohannesdereje@gmail.com
Certification:

Prepared by Rekik Development Consultants PLC Page ix

Prepared by Rekik Development Consultants PLC Page x

Mubarek Kedir Primary School Building EIA Report

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ESIA Report: Mubarak Kedir Primary School

ENVIRONMENTAL & SOCIAL IMPACT

Proponent: Mubarak Kedir Primary

Rekik Development Consultants PLC

Prepared by Rekik Development Consultants PLC Page a

List of Figures .............................................................................................................................. viii

List of Tables ................................................................................................................................. ix

Executive Summary ...................................................................................................................... 10

Methodology Outline .................................................................................................................... 2

Impacts and Mitigation Measures ............................................................................................... 2

1.1 Background and Rationale for ESIA ................................................................................ 8

1.2 Scope and Objective of the ESIA ..................................................................................... 8

1.2.1 Scope ......................................................................................................................... 8

1.3 Methodology of the ESIA ................................................................................................ 8

1.3.1 Data Collection Procedures....................................................................................... 8

1.3.2 Desktop Study ........................................................................................................... 9

1.3.3 Site Assessment ........................................................................................................ 9

1.3.4 ESIA Public Consultation ......................................................................................... 9

1.3.5 Reporting and Documentation .................................................................................. 9

1.4 Obligations of the Consultant........................................................................................... 9

2 Project Description and Location.......................................................................................... 10

Prepared by Rekik Development Consultants PLC Page i

2.1 Project Description ......................................................................................................... 10

2.2 Location and Size of the Project .................................................................................... 10

2.3 Building Particulars ........................................................................................................ 10

2.3.1 Electrical System .................................................................................................... 11

2.3.2 Security ................................................................................................................... 11

2.3.3 Health and Safety Systems...................................................................................... 11

2.3.4 Water Reticulation System ..................................................................................... 11

2.3.5 Storm Water Run-off .............................................................................................. 11

2.3.6 Waste Water/Sewerage ........................................................................................... 11

2.3.7 Landscaping ............................................................................................................ 12

2.4 Description of the Project’s Construction Activities ..................................................... 12

2.4.1 Pre-construction Investigations ............................................................................... 12

2.4.2 Site Set Up and Management .................................................................................. 12

2.4.3 Demolition Works and Site Clearance .................................................................... 12

2.4.4 Ground Works ......................................................................................................... 12

2.4.5 Construction of Foundations and Structural Works................................................ 12

2.4.6 Structural Steel Works ............................................................................................ 13

2.4.7 Mechanical and Electrical Installations and Associated Trades ............................. 13

2.4.8 Landscaping and Habitat Restoration or Creation .................................................. 13

2.5 Description of the project’s Operational Activities........................................................ 13

Prepared by Rekik Development Consultants PLC Page ii

2.5.1 Commercial and Residential Activities .................................................................. 13

2.5.2 Partitioning, General Repairs and Maintenance ..................................................... 13

2.5.3 Housekeeping .......................................................................................................... 14

3 Baseline Information ............................................................................................................. 15

3.1 Background Information on the Project Area ................................................................ 15

3.1.1 A Location .............................................................................................................. 15

3.1.2 Climate .................................................................................................................... 17

3.2 Socio-Economy .............................................................................................................. 17

3.2.1 Population ............................................................................................................... 17

3.2.2 Infrastructure ........................................................................................................... 18

3.3 Biological Environment of the Site ................................................................................ 19

3.3.1 Overviews of Biological Environment and its Attributes ....................................... 19

3.4 Environmental Effects of Development Ventures; Need for EIA.................................. 19

3.5 Describing the Biological Environment of the Project .................................................. 20

3.5.1 Size and Location of the Project Site ...................................................................... 20

3.5.2 Land use Land cover of the Project Site ................................................................. 20

4 National Policies, Strategies and Regulatory Framework .................................................... 21

4.1 Policy Framework .......................................................................................................... 21

4.1.1 Constitution of the Federal Democratic Republic of Ethiopia................................ 21

4.1.2 Ethiopia’s Climate Resilient Green Economy Strategy .......................................... 21