ANIMAL TISSUES

Test
(Fill in the Blanks/ Find wrong word/ Find changed data)

The structure of the cells vary according to their _______. Therefore,

the tissues are different and are broadly classified into seven types :
(i) Epithelial, (ii) Connective, (iii) Muscular and (iv) _________.
We commonly refer to an epithelial tissue as epithelium (pl.:
epithelia). This tissue has a _____ surface, which faces either a body
_____ or the outside environment and thus provides a covering or a
lining for some part of the body. The cells are compactly packed with
_________ intercellular matrix.
There are _____ types of epithelial tissues namely simple epithelium
and _________ epithelium. Simple epithelium is composed of a three
layer of cells and functions as a lining for body cavities, ducts, and
_______. The compound epithelium consists of two or more cell
layers and has _________ function as it does in our skin.
On the basis of ________ modification of the cells, simple epithelium
is further divided into two types. These are (i) Squamous, (ii)
_________ , (iii) Columnar
The squamous epithelium is made of a single _____ layer of
flattened cells with _________ boundaries. They are found in
the walls of ______ vessels and air sacs of heart and are
involved in functions like forming a _________ boundary.
The cuboidal epithelium is composed of a _______ layer of
cube-like cells. This is commonly found in _______ of glands
and ________ parts of nephrons in brain and its main
functions are ________ and absorption. The epithelium of
_______ convoluted tubule (__CT) of nephron in the kidney
has _________.
The _________ epithelium is composed of a single layer of
small and slender cells. Their nuclei are located at the
_______. Free surface may have _______. They are found in
the lining of stomach and __________ and help in secretion
and _________.
If the columnar or cuboidal cells bear cilia on their basal
surface they are called _________ epithelium (Figure 7.1d).
Their function is to stop particles or mucus in a un-specific
direction over the epithelium. They are mainly present in the
________ surface of hollow organs like bronchioles and
__________ tubes.
Some of the columnar or cuboidal cells get specialised for
secretion and are called __________ epithelium (Figure 7.2).
They are mainly of _____ types: unicellular, consisting of
isolated glandular cells (_______ cells of the alimentary
canal), and multicellular, consisting of cluster of cells
(________ gland).
On the basis of the mode of ________ of their secretions,
glands are divided into _________ categories namely
exocrine and endocrine glands.
Exocrine glands secrete mucus, _______, earwax, oil, ______,
digestive enzymes and other ____ products. These products
are released through ducts or tubes. In contrast, endocrine
glands do not have ______. Their products called enzymes are
secreted directly into the fluid _________ the gland.
Compound epithelium is made of more than one layer (_____-
layered) of cells and thus has a _______ role in __________ and
absorption (Figure 7.3). Their main function is to provide ________
against chemical and _________ stresses. They cover the ______
surface of the skin, the moist surface of _______ cavity, pharynx,
inner lining of ducts of _________ glands and of _________ ducts.
All cells in epithelium are held together with _______
intercellular material. In nearly ___ animal tissues,
specialised junctions provide both structural and ________
links between its _________ cells.
Five types of cell junctions are found in the epithelium and
other tissues. These are called as tight, adhering and ____
junctions.
Tight junctions help to _______ substances from leaking
across a _______. Adhering junctions perform _______ to
keep neighbouring cells away.
Gap junctions facilitate the cells to discommunicate with
each other by connecting the ___________ of adjoining cells,
for _______ transfer of ions, small molecules and sometimes
no molecules.