Professional Documents
Culture Documents
9-1
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Facts about Common Stock
• Represents ownership
• Ownership implies control
• Stockholders elect directors
• Directors elect management
• Management’s goal: Maximize the stock price
9-2
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Intrinsic Value and Stock Price
9-3
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Determinants of Intrinsic Value and Stock Prices
Stock’s Stock’s
Intrinsic Value Market Price
Market Equilibrium:
Intrinsic Value = Stock Price
9-4
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Different Approaches for Estimating the Intrinsic
Value of a Common Stock
9-5
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Discounted Dividend Model
D1 D2 D3 D
P̂0 ...
(1 rs ) (1 rs ) (1 rs )
1 2 3
(1 rs )
9-6
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Constant Growth Stock
9-7
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Future Dividends and Their Present Values
$ D t D 0 (1 g)t
0.25 Dt
PVD t
( 1 r )t
P0 PVDt
0 Years (t)
9-8
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What happens if g > rs?
9-9
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Use the SML to Calculate the Required
Rate of Return (rs)
9-10
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Find the Expected Dividend Stream for the Next
3 Years and Their PVs
0 g = 6%
1 2 3
9-11
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What is the stock’s intrinsic value?
D1 $2.12
P̂0
rs g 0.13 0.06
$2.12
0.07
$30.29
9-12
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What is the stock’s expected value, one year
from now?
D2 $2.247
P̂1
rs g 0.13 0.06
$32.10
9-13
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Find Expected Dividend Yield, Capital Gains Yield, and
Total Return During First Year
• Dividend yield
= D1/P0 = $2.12/$30.29 = 7.0%
• Capital gains yield
= (P1 – P0)/P0 CGY = g (%) when
g is constant
= ($32.10 – $30.29)/$30.29 = 6.0%
• Total return (rs)
= Dividend yield + Capital gains yield
= 7.0% + 6.0% = 13.0%
9-14
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What would the expected price today be,
if g = 0?
0 rs = 13% 1 2 3
PMT $2.00
P̂0 $15.38
r 0.13
9-15
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Supernormal Growth: What if g = 30% for 3 years
before achieving long-run growth of 6%?
9-16
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Valuing Common Stock with Nonconstant Growth
D0 = $2.00.
0 rs = 13% 1 2 3 4
66.54/(1.13) 3
9-17
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Find Expected Dividend and Capital Gains Yields
During the First and Fourth Years
9-18
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Nonconstant Growth: What if g = 0% for 3 years
before long-run growth of 6%?
D0 = $2.00.
0 r = 13% 1 2 3 4
s
g = 0% g = 0% g = 0% g = 6%
2.00 2.00 2.00 2.12
1.77
1.57
1.39
2.12
20.99 P̂3 $30.29
0.13 0.06
25.72 = P̂0
9-19
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Find Expected Dividend and Capital Gains Yields
During the First and Fourth Years
9-20
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If the stock was expected to have negative growth (g = -6%),
would anyone buy the stock, and what is its value?
D1 D (1 g)
P̂0 0
rs g rs g
$2.00 (0.94) $1.88
$9.89
0.13 (-0.06) 0.19
9-21
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Find Expected Annual Dividend and Capital
Gains Yields
9-22
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Corporate Valuation Model
9-23
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Applying the Corporate Valuation Model
9-24
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Issues Regarding the Corporate Valuation Model
9-25
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Use the Corporate Valuation Model to Find the
Firm’s Intrinsic Value
g = 6%
-5 10 20 21.20
Cap.Exp.
-4.545 EBIT net of tax
8.264
15.026
21.20
398.197 530 HV3
0.10 0.06
416.942
9-26
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What is the firm’s intrinsic value per share?
9-27
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Firm Multiples Method
9-28
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EVA Approach
9-29
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Preferred Stock
• Hybrid security.
• Like bonds, preferred stockholders receive a fixed
dividend that must be paid before dividends are
paid to common stockholders.
• However, companies can omit preferred dividend
payments without fear of pushing the firm into
bankruptcy.
9-30
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If preferred stock with an annual dividend of $5 sells for
$50, what is the preferred stock’s expected return?
D
Vp
rp
$5
$50
rp
$5
r̂p
$50
0.10 10%
9-31
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