Definition of Terms

The following terms are defined conceptually and operationally

Students. According to Cambridge a student is a person who is

learning at a college or university, or sometimes at a school. For the purpose

of this study, a university student was a person enrolled in a degree program

in one of Kenya‘s Public or private universities. Operationally a person who is

studying at a school or college.

Asynchronous Online Courses. According to Stefan Hrastinski

(2008) Asynchronous e-learning, commonly facilitated by media such as e-

mail and discussion boards, supports work relations among learners and with

teachers, even when participants cannot be online at the same time. It is thus

a key component of flexible e-learning. Operationally these types of course

offerings do not take place. Content and tasks are given to students and a

time period is given to complete course work and exams. Via message

boards, blogs and wikis, interaction typically takes place. As a consequence,

there is no meeting time for class. For students with time constraints or busy

schedules, asynchronous online learning environments are effective.

Synchronous Online Courses. According to Picciano (2002), student

performance may be defined and measured in many ways, including

successful course completion, grades, and increased knowledge and skills.

Operationally these types of course offerings require the instructor and all

enrolled students to interact online simultaneously. Similar in some ways to a

webinar, participants interact through text, video or audio chat. Synchronous

learning environments enable students to participate in a course from a

distance in real time.

Teacher. According to some authors (e.g. Leiter, 1978, Samuels, 1970),

teaching is a semi-professional job because they are directed to perform

certain standards by their superiors. As a result of this, teachers’ individual

autonomy and decision making powers are limited.

Poor Internet. According to Emeka and Nyeche (2016 usage of internet

which include slow internet speed and lack of stable power supply.

Operationally restricted access to homes in rural issues can lead to academic

students falling behind.

Online learning. According to Anderson, 2008 The term online learning

implies that the learner is at a distance from the tutor or instructor, that the

learner uses some form of technology to access learning materials.

Operationally online learning is A form of distance education in which a

course or program is intentionally designed in advance to be delivered fully

online.

Learning behaviors. According to Gage (1984), Learning is a process, of

both humans and animals can be seen. In a simple learning a process of
living things is won their behavior based on the experiences change. It is also
expressed ), stating that learning is a process in which an organism changes
its behavior as a result of experience. Operationally as a students who are
interested in their learning, is directly associated with actions.
Senior High School Students. In conceptual terms, are students attending
an educational institution with 4 strands of academic track. Science,
Technology, Engineering and Math (STEM) Accountancy, Business and
Management (ABM) Humanities and Social Sciences (HUMSS) and General
Academic Strand (GAS). In operational terms, Senior Highschool students are
those Grade 11-12 students of Notre Dame of Dadiangas University that is
the respondents of this study.