Acid Base and salts

 Any acid which creates one hydrogen molecule is mono basic acid
 Any acid which creates two hydrogen molecule is di basic acid
 Any acid which creates three hydrogen molecule is tri basic acid
 Any acid which creates four hydrogen molecule is Poly basic acid
 Acid used as electrolyte, conduct electricity due to free ions
 Turns blur litmus paper red
 Acids reacts with MCB
 M: Metal C: Carbonate(CO₃²⁻) B: base(NaOH,MgO)
 Base is any metal which has oxgen or OH
 Acis does not react with Cu,Ag,Au,Pt
 Metal + Acid -------- salts + H2 (with metals)
 Carbonate + Acid --------- salts + CO2 +H2O (Carbonate and Hydrogen
Carbonate)
 Base + Acis --------- salts + H2O (base, metal oxide and metal
hydroxide)
 Strong Acid completely Ionis (HCl , HNO3 , H2SO4)
 Weak acids incompletely ions (CH3COOH , H2CO3)
 Bases which dissolve in water are called Alkalis
 Group 1 elements are Alkalis and group 2 from Ca to down wards are
also Alkalis
 Alkali turns red litmus paper blue
 Base reacts with A (square) A: Acid A: Ammonium salts
 Base + Ammonium salts -------- salts + H2O + NH3
 Ammonium (NH4)
 First NH4 then Turns into NH3
 Neutralization: (to reduce Acid you put OH-) (to reduce Alkali you put
H+)
 H+ + OH- --------- H20
 Ammonium ion is Acidic
 Oxides (two elemental compound)(One element another and one
Oxygen
 Metal oxides are bases
 Non metal oxides are Acidic(except CO and H20)(also known as nutria
Oxides)
 Elements that show properties of both metal and non metal are
metalloid
 Their oxides are Amphoteric, reacts with both acid and base
(AL,Zn,Pb)
 Ph indicators Litmus: Red(Acid) Blue (base), Methyl orange: Red(acid
Yellow(base), Phenolphthalein: Colorless(acid) Pink(Base)
 Universal Indicator,show different colou on diffwre PH
 V I B G Y O R (G:neutral)(YOR:Acidic)(VIB:Basic)
