CHEMICAL BONDING

I. Choose the letter corresponding to the correct answer from the

options A, B, C and D given below:

(i) The type of bonding in X will be:

A. Ionic B. Electrovalent C. Covalent D. Molecular
(ii) X is likely to have a:
A. Low melting point and high boiling point
B. high melting point and low boiling point
C. Low melting point and low boiling point
D. high melting point and high boiling point
(iii) In the liquid state, X will:
A. Become ionic
B. Conduct electricity
C. Not conduct electricity

II. Name the following:

1. Process of formation of ions from molecules

2. A polar covalent compound
3. A gaseous molecule containing single covalent bond
4. Ions formed by loss of electrons
5. An inert gas which contains a triple bond
6. A regular tetrahedral molecule
7. A substance which conducts electricity in molten or aqueous state
8. A non-polar covalent compound
9. The number of electrons lost or gained by an atom refers to
10. During ionisation metals lose electrons, the change is called

III. Give reasons for the following:

1. Inert gases do not form ions.

2. Ionic compounds have a high melting point
3. Carbon tetrachloride does not conduct electricity
4. Hydrogen chloride can be termed as polar covalent compound
5. Solid sodium chloride does not conduct electricity
6. Bond formed in hydrogen molecule is non-polar.
7. Sugar solution does not conduct electricity.
8. Covalent compounds exist as gases, liquids and soft solids.
9. Why are ionic compounds crystalline solids?
10. Sodium atom is highly reactive, but sodium ion is not.
11. Why are polar covalent compound soluble in water

IV. Define the following:

1. Covalent bonding
 2. Ionic bonding
3. Co-ordinate bonding
4. Lone pair effect
5. Covalency
6. Electrovalency

V. Answer the questions:

1. State the type of bonding in the following molecules: [3]
a. Methane
b. Calcium oxide
c. Ammonium chloride
2. By drawing the dot diagram, show the lone pair effect leading to the
formation of ammonium ion from ammonia gas and hydronium ion from
water.
3. Element X, Y and Z have atomic number 6,9 and 12 respectively.
Which:
(i) Forms an anion
(ii) Forms a cation
4. What are the conditions for the formation of ionic bonds?
5. Write three differences between electrovalent compound and ionic
compound.
6. In the formation of magnesium chloride (by direct combination between
magnesium and chlorine), name the substance that is oxidized and the
substance that is reduced.
7.
Element W X Y Z
Electronic 2,8,1 2,8,7 2,5 1
configuration

(i) What type of bond is formed between:

(a) W and X
(b) X and Y
(ii) What is the formula of the compound formed between,
(a) X and Z
(b) W and X
8. M is a metal above hydrogen in the activity series and its oxide has the
formula has the formula M2O. This oxide when dissolved good
conductor of electricity. In the above context, answer the following:
(i) What kind of combination exist between M and O?
(ii) How many electrons are there in the outermost shell of M?
(iii) Name the group to which M belongs.
9. Water is a _____________[non polar/polar] covalent molecule in which
the atom of _____________[hydrogen/oxygen] attracts the electrons
strongly towards itself. The water molecule shows the presence of
_____________[double/single/triple] covalent bond/s and
 ____________ [one/two] lone pair of electrons present in the
____________ oxygen atom.
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