FINALTERM EXAMINATION (ODD SEMESTER)

NATION STAR ACADEMY SENIOR HIGH

ACADEMIC YEAR 2023/2024

Subject : Chemistry
Grade : XI
Day/ Date : .....................
Time : 90 Minutes

INSTRUCTION:
1. Answer all question
2. Write your name, student number, and class on each your paper sheet
3. You should show all yours working and use appropriate units
4. You may use a calculator.
5. Check your work before you submit it to the teacher.

ESSAY
Answer the questions below briefly and clearly!
1. This question is about states of matter.
a. Complete the table, using ticks (√ ) and crosses (╳), to describe the properties of gases,
liquids and solids.
Particles are Particles have random Particles are
State of Matter
touching movement reguarly arranged
Gas
Liquid
Solid
[3]
b. Substances can change state.
i. Boiling and evaporation are two ways in which a liquid changes into a gas.
Describe two differences between boiling and evaporation!
1. ................................................................................................................................
2. ................................................................................................................................ [2]
ii. Name the change of state when:
● a gas becomes a liquid ..........................................................................................
● a solid becomes a gas. ........................................................................................... [2]
 c. A substance boils at temperature X and melts at temperature Y.
Complete the graph to show the change in temperature over time as the substance cools
from temperature A to temperature B.

d. A solution is a mixture of a solute and a solvent.

i. Name the process when a solid substance mixes with a solvent to form a solution.
........................................................................................................................................ [1]
ii. Name the type of reaction when two solutions react to form an insoluble substance.
........................................................................................................................................ [1]
[Total: 11]
2. Atoms contain protons, neutrons and electrons.
a. Complete the table to show the relative mass and the relative charge of a proton, a neutron
and an electron.

b. The table shows the number of protons, neutrons and electrons in some atoms and ions.
Complete the table.
3. Silver has an atomic number of 47.
a. Naturally occurring atoms of silver are 107Ag and 109Ag.
i. State the name given to atoms of the same element with different nucleon numbers.
................................................................................................................................. [1]
ii. Complete the table to show the number of protons, neutrons and electrons in each atom
and ion of silver shown.

iii. Complete this definition of relative atomic mass.

Relative atomic mass is the ............................... mass of naturally occurring atoms of an
element on a scale where the ............................... atom has a mass of
exactly............................... units. [3]
b. Silver nitrate is a salt of silver made by reacting silver oxide with an acid.
Write the formula of the acid which reacts with silver oxide to form silver nitrate.
................................................................................................................................. [1]
[Total: 8]
4. A student adds excess large pieces of magnesium carbonate, MgCO3, to dilute hydrochloric
acid, HCl, and measures the volume of carbon dioxide gas, CO2, given off.
a. Add the missing state symbols to the chemical equation for the reaction.
MgCO₃ ..... + 2HCl ..... → MgCl₂(aq) + H₂O ..... + CO₂ ..... [1]
b. Complete the dot-and-cross diagram to show the electron arrangement of the ions in
magnesium chloride. The inner shells have been drawn. Give the charges on the ions.

c. Complete the dot-and-cross diagram to show the electron arrangement in a molecule of

carbon dioxide. Show outer shell electrons only.

[Total: 6]
5. The question below is about nitrogen and lithium.
a. Nitrogen trichloride, NCl 3, is a covalent compound. Complete the dot-and-cross diagram
to show the electron arrangement in a molecule of NCl₃. Show outer electrons only.

b. Lithium chloride, LiCl, is an ionic compound.

Complete the dot-and-cross diagram to show the electron arrangement and charges of the
ions in lithium chloride.

c. Explain, in terms of attractive forces between particles, why LiCl is a solid at room
temperature but NCl₃ is a liquid with a relatively low boiling point! [3]
d. Lithium fluoride has ionic bonding.
i. What is an ionic bond? [2]
ii. Give two physical properties of ionic compounds! [2]
[Total: 13]
6. The diagram shows the particles in a gas enclosed in a container.

Figure 1.2: The particles in a gas enclosed in a container.

a. Answer the following questions about the changes that occur.
i. What will happen to the particles in the gas if the piston is moved as shown? [1]
ii. What happens to the pressure in the container as a result? [1]
b. Describe the effect of heat on the apparatus:
i. If the gas is heated what change occurs to the particles? [1]
ii. What will happen to the piston when the gas is heated? [1]
[Total: 4]