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Quality Design and Control

Assignment- Week 2
TYPE OF QUESTION: MCQ/MSQ
Number of questions: 10 Total mark: 10 X 2 = 20
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QUESTION 1

According to Genichi Taguchi, quality is

a. Loss caused by its intrinsic functions

b. Loss a product causes to the manufacturer
c. Loss a product causes to the customer
d. Loss a product causes to the society

Correct Answer: d
Detailed Solution: According to Genichi Taguchi, quality is the loss a product that causes to the society
after being shipped, other than any losses caused by its intrinsic function.
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QUESTION 2:

The primary objective of creating an ‘acceptable design’ of a product is

a. Conformance
b. Performance
c. Quality
d. Durability

Correct Answer: b

Detailed Solution: The primary objective of creating an acceptable design of a product is

ensuring its performance.

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Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur

QUESTION 3:

‘Non-starting of a car on the highway’ is an example of

a. Loss caused by harmful side effects

b. Loss caused by variability of raw material
c. Loss caused by variability of function
d. Loss caused by variability of performance

Correct Answer: c
Detailed Solution: ‘Non-starting of a car on the highway’ is a specific example of the loss
caused by variability of function.

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QUESTION 4:

An unacceptable product which is scrapped or reworked prior to shipment is viewed by Taguchi as

a. Loss to the society

b. Loss to the customer
c. Inefficiency of individual worker
d. Cost to the company as it reflects production inefficiency

Correct Answer: d
Detailed Solution: An unacceptable product, which is scrapped or reworked prior to shipment, is
viewed by Taguchi as a cost to the company as it reflects production inefficiency, not a loss to the
society.

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Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur

QUESTION 5:

Changes in operating temperature causing deviation from the target values in a product’s functional
characteristics is an example of

a. Internal noise factor

b. External noise factor
c. Inefficiency of process
d. Bad product design

Correct Answer: b

Detailed Solution: External noise factors are those variables that are external to the product and affect
its performance. Examples of external noise factors include changes in operating environmental variables,
such as temperature, humidity, and dust.

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QUESTION 6:

Taguchi defines the performance measure of a product as the ‘Signal-to-Noise’ ratio. The term ‘signal’
represents

a. Variance of the quality characteristic under consideration

b. Standard deviation of the quality characteristic under consideration
c. Mean value of the quality characteristic under consideration
d. Square of the mean value of the quality characteristic under consideration

Correct Answer: d

Detailed Solution: Taguchi defines a performance measure, known as the Signal-to-Noise ratio
(S/N ratio), the parameter levels of which as selected need to maximize the value of this ratio.
The term ‘signal’ here is measured by the square of the mean value of the quality characteristic
and the term ‘noise’, as a measure of the variability, by the variance of the quality characteristic
under consideration.
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Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur

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QUESTION 7:

At which stage of the Deming cycle, experiments are conducted on the process to determine the required
parameter settings ensuring minimum or no variability in the measurements?

a. Plan
b. Do
c. Check
d. Act

Correct Answer: b

Detailed Solution: At the ‘do’ stage of Deming cycle, experiments are conducted on the process to
determine the required parameter settings ensuring minimum or no variability in the measurements.

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QUESTION 8:

In a ‘Zero Defect’ of ZD programme

a. Elimination of human errors is primarily emphasized
b. Error-free best performance of the product is ensured
c. All kinds of resources are used excellently
d. All of the above

Correct Answer: d
Detailed Solution:
 The basic objective of any ZD programme is to assure an error-free best performance from a
designed and developed product.

 In ZD programmes, elimination of human errors is primarily emphasized.

 In order to sustain the benefits of ZD over the time, companies must strive for excellent use of all
kinds of resources at their command, both physical as well as human.

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Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur

QUESTION 9:

Which of the following is an internal failure cost?

a. Customer complaints
b. Replacement
c. Rework
d. Repair

Correct Answer: c

Detailed Solution: Internal failure costs are incurred when products and services fail to meet
quality requirements prior to their transfer to ownership to the customers through selling. Scrap,
rework, labour, and overhead costs are some of the important cost elements in this category.

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QUESTION 10:

‘Losses caused when a product performs as intended are not considered quality loss by
Taguchi’- The statement is

a. True
b. False

Correct Answer: a

Detailed Solution: The statement is true.

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