Republic of the Philippines

BOHOL ISLAND STATE UNIVERSITY

Balilihan Campus
Magsija, Balilihan, Bohol

Vision: A premier Science and Technology university for the formation of world-class virtuous human resource for sustainable development in Bohol and the country.
Mission: BISU is committed to provide quality higher education in the arts and sciences, as well as in professional and techn ological fields;
undertake research and development, and extension services for the sustainable development of Bohol and the Country.

BASIC SKILLS IN VOLLEYBALL

1. Serving
- Starts the rally and the most important skill in volleyball.
- The volleyball serve is the first opportunity for a player to score a point.
- A player have 8 seconds to complete the serve and get the ball over net once the
referee blows the whistle.

2. Passing
- Also known as the “bump” or the “forearm pass”.
- The first contact of the ball.
- It is a service reception technique that is used to contact the ball that enters your
court area when your team is on offense.
- Once the opposing team served the ball and crosses the net onto your side and
arrives just above your hip level, you must:
 Clasp both hands together
 One palm inside the other
 Pointing both thumbs to the ground

3. Setting
- The set is usually the second contact in a rally and the person who sets the ball the
most is called the setter.
- The setter on a volleyball team is like a point guard on a basketball team who runs
the offense and calls the plays.
- Offensive plays consist of a combination of sets called by using hand
signals to eligible hitters who hit these sets at different heights, speeds and locations
along the net in order to confuse the opposing team's blockers in an effort to score
points.

If you are the setter on your team, you determine

 who gets to hit each set

 how high each set will be
 how fast the set will be and
 where along the net or backrow the set will be.

4. Spiking
- An attack hit or a spike describes the technique commonly used for the third contact
in a rally that sends the ball over the net with power.
- A spike starts with a three step or four step approach a player uses to jump off the
ground to contact the ball with an arm swing while its in the air.
 - With your spike approach the first two steps are slow and the last two steps are
bigger and faster that propel you in the air gathering momentum as you go, to lift
you above the top of the net so you contact the ball with an arm swing that contacts
the ball at its highest height to attack or hit it down into the opposing court.

5. Blocking
- A block is the first opportunity for a team on defense to keep the team on offense
from hitting into their court.

- Once the whistle blows and your team serves the ball over the net, your team is on
defense, ready to defend your court.

- Once the ball is served, the three front row players on the server's side will
work together in an attempt to block a player by

 forming a wall with their hands, and arms (and for some who jump high
their shoulders)
 that extends over and penetrates the plane above the net
 in order to stop the opposing team's hitter from spiking the ball into the defensive
team's court or to a specific area of the court.

6. Digging
- The dig is a slang term used to describe an underhand technique made on the
first contact of a ball in a rally that's been sent over the net with an attack hit.

- You sink your hips low to the floor, below the ball before it gets to you and you use
your extended arms clasped at the wrists to create a platform with your forearms to
"dig" or deflect the ball up in the air.

- If you are the 'digger" or defender your job is to dig the ball up high enough in the
air and ideally to the middle of the court close to the ten foot line, so that the second
contact in the rally can be made.

What Are the Positions in Volleyball?

1.Setter
 "It's the most cliché analogy in our sport, but the setter is like the quarterback of
the team
 "They run the offence. They make sure players are in the right spots. They
distribute the ball. And they dictate who has the ability to score on every play".
 Before the play, setters call plays for the team's offence, using hand signals or
numbers to tell their teammates where to go and what moves to make once the
ball is in play.
 Setters are team leaders: "[Setters] get to run the team. You get to tell everyone
what they're going to be hitting and you make decisions on the court when it
comes to who gets set and who doesn't
 Another way the setter is like a quarterback: they touch the ball on every play
and decide where it's going next. When the ball is hit over the net, a player
defends by "digging" the ball out and hitting it into the air. Except for cases in
which the setter is the one who has dug it out, the setter will be the next player to
 touch the ball. They then set up one of the hitters to be able to spike the ball and
try to score.
 And because they're integral in setting the ball, running the offence and telling
players where to go, setters rarely leave the court, he added. So, if you're a high-
energy leader, this could be the position for you.
2. Outside Hitter
 The outside hitter, also called the left hitter, plays at the left net post.
 the outside hitter is the best on the team at hitting spikes to score. That's
because they're positioned in a spot on the court where it's easiest for the setter
to hit a set. Therefore, they tend to receive the most sets.
 Another reason outside hitters need to be great at jumping and spikingis that they
tend to stay in the game for almost every play. Since players rotate, that means
outside hitters need to be able to spike not just at the net but from the back of the
court, too.
"The three players who are in the back row (at the start of the play) cannot
contact the ball and send it over the net in front of the 3-metre line”. If an outside hitter
starts in the back of the court—behind the 3-metre line—on a play, they can't jump and
spike in front of the line during that play.

When they're playing in the back of the court, outside hitters should also be great
at passing, in order to move the ball forwards.

3.Opposite Hitter
 The opposite hitter, or right hitter, plays at the net post on the right side of the court. This
means they're facing the opposing team's outside hitter.
 "[Opposite hitters] have to be great blockers, because they're blocking the other team's
outside hitter. And the outside hitter is getting set the most times", So, opposite hitters get
the most opportunities to block shots.
 Opposite hitters need to be able to pass and set, too. When plays go as expected, a
player on the defence bumps the ball, then the setter hits the ball to set for one of the
hitters. But, if the setter hits the first ball, it's often the opposite hitter who steps in to set a
shot for another hitter.
 Opposite hitters also need the skills to jump and hit from both the front row and back row.
The role may not get as many sets as the outside hitter, but opposite hitters are crucial to
winning.

4.Middle Hitter
 The middle hitter, also called a blocker, lines up in the centre of the net in the front
row.
 "They do all the grunt work. They have to block the entire net, so they're responsible
for blocking in both directions”. When they're blocking, middle hitters jump in front of
the net to try to block the balls smacked by the other team's hitters.
 Because blocking is a big part of their role, middle hitters have traditionally been
some of the tallest players on the court. "It's a lot of work. You're constantly
jumping and blocking all the time", he added.
 Middle hitters also need to be quick moving from side to side, Neeley said.
 On offence, the middle hitter is in the toughest position for the setter to set to.
Setting the ball near one of the poles, where the opposite and outside hitters are,
is easier than doing so in the middle. So, when there's a good set to the middle
hitter, they have to do a good job of finishing the play and scoring, said Neeley.
  "Middles need to be efficient, because you're using your best passes to set them. You
need them to be able to score, because if you're not, you're wasting those passes",
 While they're good at scoring, middle hitters can sometimes be weaker passers and
defenders. When the team's rotation (more on this below) moves the middle hitter to the
back row, they're often taken out of the game and replaced by the libero or a defensive
specialist until the rotation brings them back to the front row.

5.Libero
 The libero is easy to spot on the court—they're the player wearing a different
coloured jersey to the rest of their teammates. That's not the only thing that
makes this position special, though.

 "In women's volleyball, you're allowed 15 substitutions per set and the libero
doesn't count as one of them", Heller said. The libero, which comes from the
Italian word for "free", can be substituted in and out of the game for free.

So, when middle hitters or other hitters rotate into the back row, they can be
subbed in and out for the libero without counting against the team's substitutions. This
helps speed up the game, since the substitution doesn't need to be marked, and the
libero can just run on and off the court.

This also helps with the team's defence. Most of the time, liberos go in for the
middle hitters, who are usually the team's weaker defenders and passers, Rosen
explained. "Liberos are defensive gurus. They're generally a team's best passer [and]
best defender".

Though they're free to swap in and out, liberos are under some restrictions: they
can only start a play in the back row, meaning they can never jump and spike in front of
the 3-metre line. They aren't allowed to set using their hands, Rosen said, but can only
do so with their forearms.

And depending on where the game is being played, they're either not allowed to
serve or are only allowed to serve when swapped in for one of their teammates. In
international play, liberos cannot serve. In American secondary-school and university
play, they can serve but only for one of their teammates—typically a middle hitter.

Extra:
Serving Specialist: Serving powerful serves and smart serves.
Defensive Specialist: Outside hitter who has outstanding passing and defensive skills.

Reference:

https://www.improveyourvolley.com/basic-skills-of-
volleyball.html#:~:text=Serving%20starts%20the%20rally%20and%20is%20the%20most%20im
portant%20skill.&text=Passing%2C%20serving%2C%20setting%2C%20spiking,to%20learn%2
0about%20the%20sport.
https://sportsedtv.com/blog/volleyball-positions-volleyball
https://www.nike.com/ph/a/volleyball-court-positions