ER- Dealing with the internal or administrative cases of employees in relation to

violation of Companys Policy, attending DOLE hearing, filing criminal case, often
cases are theft or drugs. I am working with J&T Express

Intro

Modern penology- Attempts to prevent criminal conduct have typically involved social or
environmental manipulations, with incarceration, probation regimens, and psychological
rehabilitation programs being perhaps the most prominent examples

Concerns itself mainly with prison management and criminal rehabilitation.

Attempts to prevent criminal conduct have typically involved social or environmental

manipulations, with incarceration, probation regimens, and psychological rehabilitation
programs being perhaps the most prominent examples

Biology, Psychology and Sociology has range contribution in the study of

Criminology and it also aiding for advancement of Modern Penology. One of the
primary role of these branch of Science in Modern Penology is its aim to bring to
light the ethical bases of punishment, along with the motives and purposes of
society in inflicting it.

Biologial View

Biological Interventions

Pharmacological treatments for substance abuse and addiction-

Rule 109- Persons with Mental Disabilities and/or Health Conditions UN- UN Standard
Minimum Rules for treatment of Prisoners
(The Nelson Mandela Rules)- Persons who are found to be not criminally responsible, or
who are later diagnosed with severe mental disabilities and/or health conditions, for
whom staying in prison would mean an exacerbation of their condition, shall not be
detained in prisons, and arrangements shall be made to transfer them to mental health
facilities as soon as possible.

Mental Health Program

Anyone with serious mental health needs are managed in partnership with their local
Regional Forensic Mental Health Services.

Programs of BJMP

A. Provisions of Basic Needs

All PDL under custody are provided with three (3) meals (breakfast, lunch and supper).
Adequate supply of potable water is made available to them at all times. Likewise, upon
admission, each PDL is issued his or her PDL uniform consisting of the yellow shirt and
brown jogging pants. Hygiene kits are also distributed to the PDL on monthly or
quarterly basis. Occasionally, the provision of basic needs for the PDL is supplemented
by the food and non-food donations from local government units, non-government
organizations, business sector and private individuals.

B. Health Services

Health services for PDL consist of interventions towards the prevention, promotion,
treatment of illnesses and rehabilitation. All PDL undergo medical assessment upon
admission. During confinement, PDL are provided with health education and counseling,
medical consultations, regular health monitoring, and provided medicines subject to
availability. To maintain the physical health of PDL, they are allowed daily sunning and
physical exercises.

Sociological View

Open Prison Concept: The open prison model, where inmates live in less restrictive
conditions and can sometimes engage in community activities, is a notable aspect of
Denmark's system. This model helps in acclimatizing inmates to normal life and reduces
recidivism.

1. Visitation-
Prisoners can be allowed to go outside the prison: on leave (permisjon), escorted leave
(fremstilling) or day-release (frigang) for work or education.

Telephones are placed in small rooms. Phone calls to family members are limited to 20
minutes each week, or for parents to 40 minutes. Prisoners pay for their calls. Prison
authorities can monitor phone calls.

Prisoners are usually allowed to receive visits, which take place in specific rooms and
parts of the building. Prisoners can receive visits from lawyers, diplomats, and ‘Prison
Visitors’, and work-visits (arbeidsbesøk) from journalists, researchers, etc. There is no
quota for visits that come in addition to family visits.

Prisoners may contact the outside world by computer, to search for housing or jobs for
after release. These contacts are monitored. From 2020, the new prisons have developed
security systems that allow prisoners digital access to public services.

Recreational Activities

GYM & TRAINING

Large prisons have a gym for basketball, handball, etc. Small prisons may have only a
training room with exercise equipment. Some prisons have yoga. In some isolation units
there is a training space with treadmill and bicycles.

Several gym and training areas are new or renovated. However, access is limited: prison
officers have limited time to monitor prisoners while they train, and budget cuts make
this problem worse.

The situation is the same with access to libraries and other kinds of facilities.

Often, gym and training take place after work or school, for a regulated period of time.
Prisoners usually have access to gym or training for 1 to 1.5 hours a day, from two to three
days a week.

In some prisons, prisoners have to choose between going to the gym, the library, outdoor
time or other activities.

H. Cultural and Sports Program

The cultural program aims to promote camaraderie among PDL, encourage the
development of self-confidence and sharing of cultural talents as form of positive
entertainment. Cultural activities allowed in jails include dance, singing, theatre/drama,
and art workshops. Also, through this program, PDL experience some sense of social
normalcy through the communal celebrations of socio-cultural events like birthdays,
Valentine’s Day, Mothers’ and Fathers’ Day, Christmas, Lent and Easter, Ramadan, local
festivals and other similar activities.

J. E-Dalaw

The E-DALAW service is an alternative to the traditional face-to-face visitation between

PDL and respective families. This service enables the PDL to connect with his/her family
through a supervised video call and chat. The program is conceptualized specifically to
cater to PDL whose family members cannot go to the jail for actual visit because of the
long distance to the jail from the residence or workplace of the family members.
However, in case of jail lockdown by reason of public health emergency where visitation
is suspended, all PDL are allowed to use the e-dalaw to communicate with their families
on equitable rotation basis.

Psychological View-

Psychological research indicates that punishment is often the least effective way to
change behavior.

Motivational programmes

Parenting skills programmes

Parenting skills programmes are designed to improve the parenting skills of prisoners and
to increase their awareness of community networks that can support them with on-going
parenting and family needs. The group-based programme helps develop pro-social values
and behaviours required for good parenting.

Psychological treatment

This one-on-one intervention primarily deals with high risk sexual and violent offenders.
Psychologists provide specialist advice, assessment, and treatment to reduce an offender’s
risk of re-offending.

F. Behavioral Management/ Modification Program

BJMP implements the Therapeutic Community Modality Program (TCMP) to manage and
modify behaviors of PDL with the goal of positively changing their thinking and behavior
through structured group processes. The program endeavors to teach and model positive
thinking, pro-social values, good decision-making, and positive coping. Through the
program, PDL are trained on socially acceptable ways of behaving and relating with their
fellow PDL and with personnel and visitors thereby fostering a therapeutic jail
environment and maintaining a peaceful communal atmosphere.

E. Drug Counseling for PDL with Substance use Disorder

PDL with substance use disorder or have history of illegal drug use and who were granted
plea bargaining under A.M. No. 18-03-16 SC, are provided with drug counseling using the
Katatagan Kontra Droga sa Komunidad (KKDK) approach. The KKDK is a psycho-
educational drug counseling program developed consisting of twenty-four (24) modules:
eighteen (18) modules to be completed by the PDL in a small group setting with fellow
PDL and six (6) family modules to be participated by the PDL’s family. The drug
counseling runs for maximum duration of four (4) months.

https://probation.gov.ph/correction-rehabilitation/#:~:text=The%20Therapeutic
%20Community%20Modality%20is,and%20other%20anti%2Dsocial%20tendencies.

How TCM Works in Behavioral Management, Behavior Shaping Tools

To further understand and appreciate the Biology, Sociology and Psychology’ role and aid in
Modern Penology, let us watch this video.

We see the big difference in applying the Modern Penology that focuses on Rehabilitation,
Reintegration and Human Rights.
Before we proceed to our next topic,

In comparison to traditional approach, Death Penalty, Physical Torture, Social Degredation,

Banishment, Slavery China (2022 1000 plus), Egypt, Iran, Iraq, Saudi Arabia, the US, Vietnam
and Yemen

Are you in favor for death penalty? Why?

Why do you think people still recommit crime despite of rehabilitation?

In relation to the video presented, in regards of the traditional prison management, why do you
think other countries were not able to keep pace with change of modern penology?

6
Expulsion were developed as a
means to correct behaviors of
the residents that violated the
TC
norms. The Hierarchy of
Behavior Shaping Tools will
serve as a guide to determine
which of the tools
are appropriate to be used based
on the severity of the infraction
or violations committed by the
residents against the TC Rules .
TALK TO
A “Talk To” is an outright
correction done by any member
of the TC community to another
member who has done a minor
infraction but is not aware of it.
It is a friendly reminder/advice
about
an unacceptable behavior and
must be done privately. During
a “Talk To”, the resident is
made aware
of his/her negative behavior and
the results it may have on others
and the environment. The
feedback
given to the resident who
committed mistake is done in a
positive way. This is to evoke
awareness on
the part of the violators to avoid
committing the same mistake
and be given heavier sanctions
if done
in the future.
PULL-UP
A Pull-up is done as a result of
lack, missed or lapses in
awareness in a resident. All the
members of the community are
responsible to pull-up minor
infractions done by peers. It
encourages
honesty, demeanor awareness
and owning up to one’s
mistakes. This is done when the
violator is
unknown and must be validated
first prior to bringing up in the
Morning Meeting. Pull-ups
create a
certain degree of dissonance on
the guilty party whereby there is
a strong internal conflict
whether to
practice honesty or continue to
live in a lie. When the resident
is able to overcome the impulse
to lie
and start practicing honesty, his
commitment to live by the TC
standards increases.
The resident receiving the pull-
up is expected to listen without
saying a word, assume that it is
valid, quickly display the
corrected behavior and express
gratitude in receiving it. After
one member
did the pull-up, other residents
who want to show concern can
make elaborations to give
emphasis to
the infractions and concretize
the admonitions that need to be
relayed to the violator. Two to
three
elaborations are ideal. Too
many elaborations are
discouraged as they may take
so much time.
Focus should be given to the
behavior and not the person. It
is meant to raise awareness and
not to
punish or embarrass the
violator. Personal attacks,
shaming or the use of racist
language are strictly
forbidden during pull-ups. It
should be emphasized that pull-
ups are done out of responsible
love and
concern to avoid creating
negative feelings during the
process. In a situation wherein
no one stood
and owned up a negative
behavior raised in the pull-up,
the resident doing the Pull-Up
will narrow
down the Pull-Up to make it
clear and specific, stating the
place and time of the
occurrence. In the
event that nobody stood to own
it up, the resident doing the
Pull-Up will instead ask the
community to
stand and there, he/she will
deliver his pull-up addressing
the entire family believing that
the violator
is a responsibility of the whole
community.
Example of a Pull-up:
The moderator asks for
someone who has a Pull-up. A
member raises his hand and
declares:
“Who among my brothers/
sisters did not flush the toilet
after using it early in the
morning?” (Sinu-sino
saating mga kapatid na
naririto ang hindi nagbuhos
ng tubig sa palikuran
(kubeta) pagkatapos
gumamit kaninang umaga?) A
few people stood up to admit
the pull up. The resident doing
the Pull-
Up then gives his/her
admonition/advice to the
violators. The moderator asks
for elaborations. All
members attending the Morning
Meeting must raise their hands
to show their concerns. It is
noted
that a question must be asked
mentioning the circumstances
using the 3Ws (What, Where,
and
When). The violators are not
allowed to talk or respond but
just stand, face the community
and accept
the admonitions. The number of
elaborations depends upon the
number of Pull-Ups. The more
Pull-
Ups brought in, the less
elaborations.
1st elaboration:
“Brothers/sisters, we should
always be aware of our actions.
Going to the toilet is a
routine activity. It is a must that
we should flush it after using to
keep it clean. We should
always think
of other people who might use it
after us”.
6
Expulsion were developed as a
means to correct behaviors of
the residents that violated the
TC
norms. The Hierarchy of
Behavior Shaping Tools will
serve as a guide to determine
which of the tools
are appropriate to be used based
on the severity of the infraction
or violations committed by the
residents against the TC Rules .
TALK TO
A “Talk To” is an outright
correction done by any member
of the TC community to another
member who has done a minor
infraction but is not aware of it.
It is a friendly reminder/advice
about
an unacceptable behavior and
must be done privately. During
a “Talk To”, the resident is
made aware
of his/her negative behavior and
the results it may have on others
and the environment. The
feedback
given to the resident who
committed mistake is done in a
positive way. This is to evoke
awareness on
the part of the violators to avoid
committing the same mistake
and be given heavier sanctions
if done
in the future.
PULL-UP
A Pull-up is done as a result of
lack, missed or lapses in
awareness in a resident. All the
members of the community are
responsible to pull-up minor
infractions done by peers. It
encourages
honesty, demeanor awareness
and owning up to one’s
mistakes. This is done when the
violator is
unknown and must be validated
first prior to bringing up in the
Morning Meeting. Pull-ups
create a
certain degree of dissonance on
the guilty party whereby there is
a strong internal conflict
whether to
practice honesty or continue to
live in a lie. When the resident
is able to overcome the impulse
to lie
and start practicing honesty, his
commitment to live by the TC
standards increases.
The resident receiving the pull-
up is expected to listen without
saying a word, assume that it is
valid, quickly display the
corrected behavior and express
gratitude in receiving it. After
one member
did the pull-up, other residents
who want to show concern can
make elaborations to give
emphasis to
the infractions and concretize
the admonitions that need to be
relayed to the violator. Two to
three
elaborations are ideal. Too
many elaborations are
discouraged as they may take
so much time.
Focus should be given to the
behavior and not the person. It
is meant to raise awareness and
not to
punish or embarrass the
violator. Personal attacks,
shaming or the use of racist
language are strictly
forbidden during pull-ups. It
should be emphasized that pull-
ups are done out of responsible
love and
concern to avoid creating
negative feelings during the
process. In a situation wherein
no one stood
and owned up a negative
behavior raised in the pull-up,
the resident doing the Pull-Up
will narrow
down the Pull-Up to make it
clear and specific, stating the
place and time of the
occurrence. In the
event that nobody stood to own
it up, the resident doing the
Pull-Up will instead ask the
community to
stand and there, he/she will
deliver his pull-up addressing
the entire family believing that
the violator
is a responsibility of the whole
community.
Example of a Pull-up:
The moderator asks for
someone who has a Pull-up. A
member raises his hand and
declares:
“Who among my brothers/
sisters did not flush the toilet
after using it early in the
morning?” (Sinu-sino
saating mga kapatid na
naririto ang hindi nagbuhos
ng tubig sa palikuran
(kubeta) pagkatapos
gumamit kaninang umaga?) A
few people stood up to admit
the pull up. The resident doing
the Pull-
Up then gives his/her
admonition/advice to the
violators. The moderator asks
for elaborations. All
members attending the Morning
Meeting must raise their hands
to show their concerns. It is
noted
that a question must be asked
mentioning the circumstances
using the 3Ws (What, Where,
and
When). The violators are not
allowed to talk or respond but
just stand, face the community
and accept
the admonitions. The number of
elaborations depends upon the
number of Pull-Ups. The more
Pull-
Ups brought in, the less
elaborations.
1st elaboration:
“Brothers/sisters, we should
always be aware of our actions.
Going to the toilet is a
routine activity. It is a must that
we should flush it after using to
keep it clean. We should
always think
of other people who might use it
after us”.How
6
Expulsion were developed as a
means to correct behaviors of
the residents that violated the
TC
norms. The Hierarchy of
Behavior Shaping Tools will
serve as a guide to determine
which of the tools
are appropriate to be used based
on the severity of the infraction
or violations committed by the
residents against the TC Rules .
TALK TO
A “Talk To” is an outright
correction done by any member
of the TC community to another
member who has done a minor
infraction but is not aware of it.
It is a friendly reminder/advice
about
an unacceptable behavior and
must be done privately. During
a “Talk To”, the resident is
made aware
of his/her negative behavior and
the results it may have on others
and the environment. The
feedback
given to the resident who
committed mistake is done in a
positive way. This is to evoke
awareness on
the part of the violators to avoid
committing the same mistake
and be given heavier sanctions
if done
in the future.
PULL-UP
A Pull-up is done as a result of
lack, missed or lapses in
awareness in a resident. All the
members of the community are
responsible to pull-up minor
infractions done by peers. It
encourages
honesty, demeanor awareness
and owning up to one’s
mistakes. This is done when the
violator is
unknown and must be validated
first prior to bringing up in the
Morning Meeting. Pull-ups
create a
certain degree of dissonance on
the guilty party whereby there is
a strong internal conflict
whether to
practice honesty or continue to
live in a lie. When the resident
is able to overcome the impulse
to lie
and start practicing honesty, his
commitment to live by the TC
standards increases.
The resident receiving the pull-
up is expected to listen without
saying a word, assume that it is
valid, quickly display the
corrected behavior and express
gratitude in receiving it. After
one member
did the pull-up, other residents
who want to show concern can
make elaborations to give
emphasis to
the infractions and concretize
the admonitions that need to be
relayed to the violator. Two to
three
elaborations are ideal. Too
many elaborations are
discouraged as they may take
so much time.
Focus should be given to the
behavior and not the person. It
is meant to raise awareness and
not to
punish or embarrass the
violator. Personal attacks,
shaming or the use of racist
language are strictly
forbidden during pull-ups. It
should be emphasized that pull-
ups are done out of responsible
love and
concern to avoid creating
negative feelings during the
process. In a situation wherein
no one stood
and owned up a negative
behavior raised in the pull-up,
the resident doing the Pull-Up
will narrow
down the Pull-Up to make it
clear and specific, stating the
place and time of the
occurrence. In the
event that nobody stood to own
it up, the resident doing the
Pull-Up will instead ask the
community to
stand and there, he/she will
deliver his pull-up addressing
the entire family believing that
the violator
is a responsibility of the whole
community.
Example of a Pull-up:
The moderator asks for
someone who has a Pull-up. A
member raises his hand and
declares:
“Who among my brothers/
sisters did not flush the toilet
after using it early in the
morning?” (Sinu-sino
saating mga kapatid na
naririto ang hindi nagbuhos
ng tubig sa palikuran
(kubeta) pagkatapos
gumamit kaninang umaga?) A
few people stood up to admit
the pull up. The resident doing
the Pull-
Up then gives his/her
admonition/advice to the
violators. The moderator asks
for elaborations. All
members attending the Morning
Meeting must raise their hands
to show their concerns. It is
noted
that a question must be asked
mentioning the circumstances
using the 3Ws (What, Where,
and
When). The violators are not
allowed to talk or respond but
just stand, face the community
and accept
the admonitions. The number of
elaborations depends upon the
number of Pull-Ups. The more
Pull-
Ups brought in, the less
elaborations.
1st elaboration:
“Brothers/sisters, we should
always be aware of our actions.
Going to the toilet is a
routine activity. It is a must that
we should flush it after using to
keep it clean. We should
always think
of other people who might use it
after us”.