LIST OF FIGURES

FIGURE 1 Organization of the austenitic phase

FIGURE 2 The seven types of Crystal Lattice

FIGURE 3 a unit cell with 3 edges and 3 angles

Miller indices indicating the orientation of a plane

FIGURE 4

FIGURE 5 Strukturbericht letters

FIGURE 6 Schematics of crystal structures and microstructures of NiTi

FIGURE 7 Atomic structures of theNiTi phases

FIGURE 8 Relationship between the B2 and B19

FIGURE 9 The M distortion

FIGURE 10 The distortion from the cubic austenitic phase

FIGURE 11 Schematic diagram of crystal structure evolution of NiTi

FIGURE 12 Schematic representation of the stress and strain

FIGURE 13 Crystal structure phases of NiTi

FIGURE 14 The temperature Hysteresis Loop of NiTi alloy

FIGURE 15 Schematic diagram of crystal structure evolution of NiTi

FIGURE 16 a): superelasticity effect; (b): springback effect

FIGURE 17
IIT Gandhinagar CIF LAB FE- SEM JSM7600F (Joel)

FIGURE 18 A SCIART Thermal analysis lab, B- DSC 8000

FIGURE 19
Contra angle handpiece (Neolix, France) with metallic curved
canal stimulator & a torque controlled electric Endomotor
(Endoman-E, Neolix, France).
FIGURE 20 Cyclic Fatigue Resistance test being conducted on different
NiTi Rotary Files

In the Images Section

FIGURE 21
Protaper Gold
FIGURE 22 Hyflex CM
FIGURE 23
Hyflex EDM
FIGURE 24 Neolix NeoNiTi
FIGURE 25
Mtwo Files
FIGURE 26 I Files
FIGURE 27
NeoEndo Flex
FIGURE 28
Speed Endo SuperGold Flex

FIGURE 29
NeoEndo S
FIGURE 30
Twisted Files

FIGURE 31
X- Smart Endomotor Dentsply Sirona
FIGURE 32 Bench Vise

FIGURE 33 Bench Vise jig for Torsional Fatigue, various file tips being
clamped in device
FIGURE 34
EDS Samples
FIGURE 35
DSC Samples
 LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS

Sr. No Abbreviatio Elaboration

ns
1. SE Super Elastic
2. SM Shape memory
3. SMA Shape Memory Alloy
4. TTR Transformation temperature range
5. RTTR Reverse transformation temperature range
6. PTG Protaper Gold
7. HYCM Hyflex Controlled Memory
8. HYEDM Hyflex Electric Discharge Machining
9. NLNN Neolix NeoNiTi
10. NEF NeoEndo Flex
11. SE SGF SpeedEndo Super Gold Flex
12. SGF Super Gold Flex
13. NES NeoEndo S
14. TF (Instrument) Twisted File
15. CF Cyclic Fatigue
16. TF (test) Torsional Fatigue
17. N/CM2
18. RPM Rotations per Minute
19. TTF Time to Fracture
20. NCF Number of Cycles to Fracture
21. ADF Angular Deflection at Fracture/ Failure
22. DSC Differential Scanning Calorimetry
23. A PHASE Austenite Phase
24. M PHASE Martensite Phase
25. R PHASE Rhombohedral Phase
26. Ms Martensite Start
27. Mf Martensite Finish
28. As Austenite Start