WATER

MANAGEMENT
(Water Sceince)

Francis Louie V. Cariga

OBJECTIVES:
At the end of the lesson, students should be able to:
1. Understand the importance of water management in
agriculture.
2. Appreciate the importance of responsible water
management for sustainability.
3. Demonstrate mastery in using water management tools
and technologies.
GUESS THE JUMBLED
WORD
RIAN WEATR USAE
RAIN WATER USE
NPCIROES IRTIGANOI
PRECISION IRRIGATION
UASINLBTEAS
SUSTAINABLE
SUSTAINABLE
RTEEMERPTEATU
TEMPERATURE
TEMPERATURE
IOSL OREOTSMU
SOIL MOISTURE
AEGTENNMAAMT
MANAGEMENT
WRTEA
WATER
WATER MANAGEMENT PRACTICES
FOR SUSTAINABLE AGRICULTURE

Sustainable water management in agriculture

involves practices that control water
movement to prevent nutrient runoff and
ensure adequate water supply for crops.
FACTORS TO CONSIDER WHILE
DEVELOPING A WATER
MANAGEMENT PLAN
Soil
Freshwater Availability
Crops grown
Technological Capabilities
CALCULATE THE VOLUME OF
WATER IN POND
Formula: Length(m) x Wide(m) x Depth(m) x 1000 = ___liters

Ex: Area 30sqm

Depth: 4m
5 x 6=30x4x1000= 120,000liters
Length: 5m
W: 6m
PRECISION IRRIGATION
Precision irrigation is a important
technology to moisten crops more
efficiently. As opposed to traditional
uniform irrigation, precision techniques
modify agricultural use of water based
on crop needs and environmental
factors.
RAINWATER USE
Capture rainwater during precipitation/Rainfall
events and store it for later use, creating a
supplementary source of water for agriculture
that reduces dependence on external supplies and
helps lessen the load on already overtaxed rivers,
lakes, and aquifers.

Rainwater was free

Widely available
Low in salts and minerals
WATER-SMART CROP SELECTION

Drought-tolerant and native crop

planting, as well as crop rotation, are
successful management strategies
that help promote sustainable
agricultural water usage and minimize
the effects of water shortage on plants
and yields
WATER-SMART CROP SELECTION
Use crop varieties that are specifically
bred for their drought Resistance/Water
shortage

Plant native crops that have evolved to Thrive

in the specific climate and soil, making them
more likely to withstand drought and
lessening your agricultural water use.

Rotate crops to make agricultural systems

more resistant to abiotic stresses
WASTEWATER TREATMENT
Reduced reliance on finite freshwater
supplies in agriculture is one benefit of
reusing treated wastewater for
irrigation.

Wastewater treatment enables the cyclic use of

water in agriculture and decreases pollution from
wastewater outflow. large-scale adoption of
agricultural wastewater reuse can make farming
more resilient to aridity/Drought.
PRECISION AGRICULTURE
Precision agriculture applied to water
management integrates technological
advancements with human expertise to
make the best use of available aquatic
resources. Combining the insights from
agricultural mapping and field scouting with
GPS and GIS technology offers a multi-
dimensional approach to sustainable water
management.
HISTORICAL WEATHER AND
DAILY FORECASTS
Providing access to meteorological records
dating back to 1979 and reliable 14-day
weather forecasts, the EOSDA Crop
Monitoring platform can serve as an irrigation
management guide and an early warning
system for severe weather management in
agriculture.

Helps optimize irrigation practices.

Alerts farmers about severe weather conditions.
EVAPOTRANSPIRATION
Combination of two seperate process:

Evaporation and Transpiration

Evaporation loss of water from soil

surface or any other open water body

Transpiration: from the plant

DIFFRENCE BETWEEN EVAPORATION
AND TRANSPIRATION
Transpiration Evaporation
Transpirations is physiological process Evaporation is physical process

it is loss of water from the free surface It is loss of water from the surface
of cells water

Regulated process Non regulated process

Comparatively slow process It is faster process

Influenced by anatomy of plants No role of guard cell

Guard cell involved There is no such influence

FACTORS AFFECTING EVAPOTRANSPIRATION

Environmental Factors
Plant Crop factor
Geographical Factor
Soil Factor
ENVIRONMENTAL FACTORS

Air temperature as temperature increase

evapotranspiration also goes up
Humidity as the air beacomes more and more saturated,
less water is able to evaporate into that air
Movement of wind and air increases, evaporation and
transpiration does as well because moving air is less
saturated than stagnant air
ENVIRONMENTAL FACTORS

Moisture/water available less water availabe means plants

begin to transpire less water in an effort to survive

Solar radiations more solar radiations more will be rate of

evaporation
PLANT CROP FACTORS

Vegetative cover intercepts more sunlight.

Leaf shape and size Larger leaves transpire more water

due to their surface area, while factors like boundary
layer thickness and leaf orientation also matter.
GEOGRAPHICAL FACTOR
Dependent upon an area’s geography, latitude and climate

Regions on the globe with the most sokar radiation

experience more evapotranspiration

Evapotranspiration rates are also highest in areas with a

hot and dry climate

Evapotranspirations is less in higher latitudes

SOIL FACTORS

ET depend upon water table depth, soil moisture

and capillary character

When soil is lacking moisture, plants begin to

transpire less water in an effort to survive, this turn
decreases evapotranspiration
SIGNIFICANCE OF EVAPOTRANSPIRATION
It is an important process in water cycle as it responsible for 15%
atmosphere water vapour

It maintain soil temperature

it helps in movement of nutrient in plant

optimizes temperature of plant

Make the plant cell turgid which provide a proper shape to plant
SOIL MOISTURE
Soil Moisture may vary on soil composition
or topography

The farmer can use this information to direct

more moisture to the dryer areas where it is
most needed, avoiding water logging and
wasting resources in wetter areas.

improve resource allocation,

IV. EVALUATION

How farmers can use soil moisture information to

optimize resource allocation?

What are the benefits of Rain Water

harvesting?
V. ASSIGNMENT
What is the significance of Evapotranspiration?

How are evaporation and transpiration

different, and what do they have in common?
 THANK YOU
FOR LISTENING