2017 HIGHER SCHOOL CERTIFICATE EXAMINATION

Geography
Stimulus Booklet
Source A – Climate graph for Iceland Source B – Location map of Iceland
Temperature Precipitation 10°W 0°
(°C) (mm) 70°N
14 100
12 90 Arctic Circle
10 80
Iceland
8 70 Reykjavik
6 60
4 50
2 40 60°N
0 30
–2 20
–4 10
–6 0
J F M A M J J A S O N D
Months United
Kingdom
KEY
Average precipitation (mm)
50°N
Average maximum temperature (°C)
Average minimum temperature (°C)

Source C – Synoptic chart, Iceland

Speed Symbol
14
0 50 100 km 10 (km/h)

1–2

3–7
L

8–12

Akureyri 13–17

18–22

23–27

Reykjavik
28–32

08
10 KEY
6
100 04 1010 Isobar with value (hPa)
1 0
L Low pressure
H High pressure
H L
101
10
20

2063 Page 1
 Source D – South-east Iceland Legend for Sources D and E

Major road surfaced/unsurfaced.....

L M 41 Secondary road (surfaced) .............

• •
Secondary road (unsurfaced) .........
Track...............................................
40 Path ................................................
Distance in kilometres ....................
Railroad ..........................................

39 National park ..................................

Nature reserve................................
Populated area ...............................
Spot height .....................................
38
Lighthouse / Camping site ..............
Point of interest / Mine ...................
Viewpoint ........................................

Page 2
37
Hot spring / Geyser ........................

•P Natural ford / Waterfall ...................

Hut ..................................................
36
Museum (of interest) ......................
International airport / Airport ...........
Airfield / Fuel ..................................
35

Scale
0 12 km
N
Contour interval: 100 metres 34
Elevation in metres

90 91 92 93 94 95 96 97 98 Source: National Geographic Maps

 Source E – North-east Iceland topographic map extract Source F – Satellite image North-east Iceland

Page 3
Scale Imagery courtesy of the U.S. Geological Survey
0 12 km
N
Contour interval: 100 metres
Elevation in metres

Source: National Geographic Maps

Source G – Percentage of Iceland’s Source H – Downtown, Reykjavik
imports and exports – selected countries

Russia
a
nad
Ca

No
rw
ay
USA Iceland
Sw
ed
en
il
raz
B
ina
in

Ch
Spa

Source I – Sculpture, Reykjavik

Key

5% 5%
Imports Exports
0% 0%

Source L – Gullfoss is like no other

No waterfall in Europe can match Gullfoss. In
wildness and fury it outdoes the Niagara Falls of the
United States.
Vaclav Schindler/Alamy Stock Photo
Gullfoss is a unique natural phenomenon. Its
conservation and thereby its existence in its present Source J – Streetscape, Reykjavik
form has a unique history.
The area’s ecosystem is protected and its vegetation
remains untouched. Attempts are being made to
minimise effects of human intervention, by keeping
man-made structures to a minimum and not disturbing
the land and geological formations.

© Ed Graham Photography

Source K – Housing, Reykjavik

Graham Prentice/Alamy Stock Photo

Page 4 © 2017 NSW Education Standards Authority