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Advanced Materials For Sustainable Environmental Remediation: Terrestrial and Aquatic Environments Dimitrios A. Giannakoudakis
Advanced Materials For Sustainable Environmental Remediation: Terrestrial and Aquatic Environments Dimitrios A. Giannakoudakis
Edited by
Dimitrios A. Giannakoudakis
Assistant Professor, Institute of Physical Chemistry of Polish Academy of
Sciences, Greece
Lucas Meili
Professor, Center of Technology, Federal University of Alagoas, Brazil
Ioannis Anastopoulos
Assistant Professor at the Department of Agriculture, University of Ioannina,
Arta, Greece
Contents
Contributors............................................................................................................................... xix
About the editors..................................................................................................................... xxvii
Note from the editors................................................................................................................ xxix
Acknowledgments...................................................................................................................xxxiii
CHAPTER 1 Trends in advanced materials for sustainable environmental
remediation.....................................................................................1
Vanish Kumar, Sherif A. Younis, Kumar Vikrant and Ki-Hyun Kim
1.1 Environmental pollution and role of materials in its remediation ............................. 1
1.2 Strategies for environmental remediation ............................................................... 2
1.3 Present challenges and future prospects for utilization of advanced materials
in sustainable environmental remediation.............................................................20
Conclusion ......................................................................................................... 21
References..........................................................................................................22
CHAPTER 2 Potential of MOF-based novel adsorbents for the removal of
aquatic pollutants.........................................................................29
Prangan Duarah, Dibyajyoti Haldar and Mihir Kumar Purkait
2.1 Introduction........................................................................................................29
2.2 Various forms of aquatic pollutants......................................................................30
2.3 Traditional approaches for the treatment of aquatic pollutants ............................... 31
2.4 Overview of MOFs ............................................................................................. 34
2.4.1 Properties of MOFs and its synthesis ........................................................ 34
2.4.2 MOFs as an adsorbent..............................................................................35
2.5 Applications of MOFs for the treatment of aquatic pollutants................................36
2.5.1 Application of MOFs for the adsorption of heavy metals............................36
2.5.2 MOFs for the adsorption of pharmaceuticals and personal products............39
2.5.3 MOFs for the adsorption of pesticides and other organic compounds..........39
2.6 Large-scale production of the MOFs....................................................................40
2.7 Challenges and future directives .......................................................................... 41
Conclusions........................................................................................................42
References..........................................................................................................42
CHAPTER 3 Metal-organic frameworks for the prolific purification of
hazardous airborne pollutants.......................................................47
K.L. Tan and K.Y. Foo
3.1 Introduction........................................................................................................47
3.2 Structural features of MOFs ................................................................................ 47
vii
viii Contents
6.2 Spheres.............................................................................................................176
6.3 Pellets .............................................................................................................. 178
6.4 Monoliths.........................................................................................................180
6.5 3D-printed monoliths ........................................................................................ 185
Conclusions and further outlook ........................................................................ 190
References........................................................................................................191
CHAPTER 7 Aerogel, xerogel, and cryogel: Synthesis, surface chemistry,
and properties—Practical environmental applications and the
future developments....................................................................195
Nilay Gizli, Selay Sert Çok and Fatoş Koç
7.1 Introduction......................................................................................................195
7.2 Preparation and affecting synthesis parameters of aerogels, cryogels,
and xerogels ..................................................................................................... 196
7.2.1 Sol preparation and gel formation...........................................................196
7.2.2 Aging....................................................................................................199
7.2.3 Surface modification .............................................................................. 200
7.2.4 Drying...................................................................................................201
7.3 Features and applications of aerogels, cryogels, and xerogels .............................. 203
7.3.1 Chemical characteristics—Hydrophilic/hydrophobicity properties............203
7.3.2 Morphological properties ....................................................................... 204
7.3.3 Thermal conductivity ............................................................................. 204
7.3.4 Optical properties .................................................................................. 204
7.3.5 Acoustic properties ................................................................................ 204
7.3.6 Electrical properties ............................................................................... 205
7.3.7 Mechanical properties............................................................................205
7.4 Surface chemistry of aerogels, cryogels, and xerogels.........................................205
7.5 Environmental applications of aerogels, cryogels, and xerogels ........................... 209
7.5.1 Air cleaning applications........................................................................209
7.5.2 Water treatment applications...................................................................212
7.5.3 Catalytic applications.............................................................................216
Conclusion and future development ................................................................... 217
References........................................................................................................218
CHAPTER 8 Nanoscale cellulose and nanocellulose-based aerogels..............229
Aneeba Chaudary, Tayba Chudhary, Mohammed Kayes Patoary,
Meiling Zhang, Shuai Jiang, Mengmeng Li and Lifang Liu
8.1 Introduction......................................................................................................229
8.2 Cellulose and nanocellulose...............................................................................230
8.2.1 Source and structure of cellulose and nanoscale cellulose (NC)................230
8.2.2 Extraction of cellulose and nanoscale cellulose........................................233
Contents xi
14.4 Adsorption of emerging contaminants by natural and modified clays ................... 367
14.4.1 Pharmaceutical products.........................................................................367
14.4.2 Endocrine disruptors and chemical of personal care products ................... 375
14.5 Comparison of different activation methods in the same clay type........................380
14.6 Future perspectives and final remarks.................................................................382
Acknowledgments.............................................................................................383
References........................................................................................................383
CHAPTER 15 Application of magnetic biochars for the removal of aquatic
pollutants....................................................................................393
Fatima Iqbal, Rabia Amen, El Barbary Hassan, Irshad Bibi,
Natasha, Ahmad Mukhtar, Hamna Bashir, Muhammad Shahid
and Nabeel Khan Niazi
15.1 Introduction......................................................................................................393
15.2 Fabrication techniques for magnetic biochar.......................................................394
15.2.1 Impregnation-pyrolysis .......................................................................... 394
15.2.2 Coprecipitation......................................................................................394
15.2.3 Reductive codeposition .......................................................................... 396
15.2.4 Solvothermal ......................................................................................... 396
15.2.5 Hydrothermal carbonization ................................................................... 396
15.2.6 Other fabrication techniques...................................................................397
15.3 Physicochemical properties of magnetic biochar.................................................397
15.3.1 Specific surface area...............................................................................397
15.3.2 Elemental composition...........................................................................398
15.3.3 Point of zero charge (pHpzc )....................................................................398
15.3.4 Functional groups .................................................................................. 398
15.4 Factors affecting the adsorption of pollutants......................................................399
15.4.1 Chemical impregnation ratio...................................................................399
15.4.2 Pyrolysis temperature.............................................................................400
15.4.3 Solution pH...........................................................................................401
15.5 Applications of magnetic biochar.......................................................................401
15.5.1 Heavy metal(loid)s adsorption................................................................401
15.5.2 Nuclear waste pollutants.........................................................................404
15.5.3 Organic pollutants..................................................................................405
15.5.4 Anionic pollutants..................................................................................405
15.6 Adsorption mechanisms .................................................................................... 405
15.6.1 Ion exchange ......................................................................................... 406
15.6.2 Surface complexation.............................................................................407
15.6.3 Oxygen-containing functional groups......................................................407
15.6.4 Electrostatic interaction..........................................................................408
15.6.5 Coprecipitation......................................................................................409
Contents xv
Index........................................................................................................................................ 609
Contributors
xix
xx Contributors
Aneeba Chaudary
College of Textiles, Donghua University, Shanghai, PR China; The Key Lab of Textile Science &
Technology, Ministry of Education, Donghua University, Shanghai, PR China
Padmanaban Velayudhaperumal Chellam
Department of Biotechnology, National Institute of Technology, Andhra Pradesh, India
Sajan Ponnappa Chimmikuttanda
Chemistry R and D, VerdeEn Chemicals Pvt. Ltd, Hapur District, Uttar Pradesh, India
Tayba Chudhary
Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, PR China
Selay Sert Çok
Ege University Chemical Engineering Department, Turkey
Manash R. Das
Advanced Materials Group, Materials Sciences and Technology Division, CSIR-North East
Institute of Science and Technology, Jorhat, Assam, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative
Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, Uttar Pradesh, India
Biljana Dojčinović
University of Belgrade, Institute of Chemistry, Technology and Metallurgy, Department of
Chemistry, Belgrade, Serbia
Prangan Duarah
Centre for the Environment, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Guwahati, Assam, India
Gabriela Duro
Institute of Chemical Sciences, Faculty of Chemistry, Maria Curie-Sklodowska University, Lublin,
Poland
Nancy E. Dávila-Guzmán
Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León (UANL), Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Departamento
de Ingeniería Química, Av. Universidad S/N, Cd. Universitaria, San Nicolás de los Garza, Nuevo
León, México
L. Carolina Espinoza
Laboratorio de Biosensores, Departamento de Química Farmacológica y Toxicológica, Facultad
de Ciencias Químicas y Farmacéuticas, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile; Centro de
investigación de Procesos Redox, CIPRex, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas y Farmacéuticas,
Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
Bruna Silva de Farias
School of Chemistry and Food, Federal University of Rio Grande (FURG), Rio Grande, Brazil
Marina Barbosa de Farias
University of Campinas, School of Chemical Engineering, Department of Processes and Products
Design, Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil
K.Y. Foo
River Engineering and Urban Drainage Research Center (REDAC), Universiti Sains Malaysia,
14300, Penang, Malaysia
Contributors xxi
José T. Freire
Department of Chemical Engineering, Federal University of São Carlos, São Carlos, SP,
Brazil
Soliu O. Ganiyu
Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB,
Canada
Juan García
Catalysis and Separation Processes Group (CyPS), Chemical Engineering and Materials
Department, Faculty of Chemistry Sciences, Complutense University, Madrid, Spain
Alejandra Garcia-Garcia
Group of synthesis and modification of nanostructures and bidimensional materials, Advanced
Materials Research Center (CIMAV), Apodaca, NL, Maxico
Dimitrios A. Giannakoudakis
Institute of Physical Chemistry, Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw, Poland
Nilay Gizli
Ege University Chemical Engineering Department, Turkey
Dibyajyoti Haldar
Department of Biotechnology, Karunya Institute of Technology and Sciences, Coimbatore,
Tamil Nadu, India
El Barbary Hassan
Department of Sustainable Bioproducts, Mississippi State University, Starkville, MS, USA
Fatima Iqbal
Institute of Soil and Environmental Sciences, University of Agriculture Faisalabad, Faisalabad,
Pakistan
Shuai Jiang
College of Textiles, Donghua University, Shanghai, PR China; The Key Lab of Textile Science &
Technology, Ministry of Education, Donghua University, Shanghai, PR China
Juliana John
Department of Civil Engineering, National Institute of Technology, Tiruchirappalli, India
S. Keerthanan
Ecosphere Resilience Research Center, Faculty of Applied Sciences, University of Sri
Jayewardenepura, Sri Lanka
Ki-Hyun Kim
Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Hanyang University, Seoul, Republic of
Korea
Fatoş Koç
Ege University Chemical Engineering Department, Turkey
Vanish Kumar
National Agri Food Biotechnology Institute (NABI), S.A.S. Nagar, Punjab, India
xxii Contributors
Marcos Larriba
Catalysis and Separation Processes Group (CyPS), Chemical Engineering and Materials
Department, Faculty of Chemistry Sciences, Complutense University, Madrid, Spain
Cristina A. De León-Condés
Industrial Engineering Department, Technological of Higher Studies of Tianguistenco
Mengmeng Li
College of Textiles, Donghua University, Shanghai, PR China; The Key Lab of Textile Science &
Technology, Ministry of Education, Donghua University, Shanghai, PR China
Lifang Liu
College of Textiles, Donghua University, Shanghai, PR China; The Key Lab of Textile Science &
Technology, Ministry of Education, Donghua University, Shanghai, PR China
Dragan Manojlović
University of Belgrade, Faculty of Chemistry, Department of Analytical Chemistry, Belgrade,
Serbia
Gonzalo Martínez-Barrera
Laboratory for Research and Development of Advanced Materials (LIDMA), Faculty of Chemistry,
Autonomous University of the State of Mexico, San Cayetano, Mexico
Lucas Meili
Laboratory of Processes (LaPro), Center of Laboratory of Processes, Center of Technology,
Federal University of Alagoas, Maceió, AL, Brazil
Inna Melnyk
Department of Chemisorption and Hybrid Materials, Chuiko Institute of Surface Chemistry of
NASU, Kyiv, Ukraine; Department of Physical and Physico-Chemical Methods of Mineral
Processing, Institute of Geotechnics SAS, Kosice, Slovak Republic
Elsa Mesquita
Water Quality and Treatment Laboratory, Urban Water Unit, Hydraulics and Environment
Department, LNEC — National Laboratory for Civil Engineering, Lisbon, Portugal
Ana S. Mestre
Centro de Química Estrutural, Institute of Molecular Sciences, Departamento de Química e
Bioquímica, Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal
Ahmad Mukhtar
Department of Chemical Engineering, NFC Institute of Engineering and Fertilizer Research,
Faisalabad, Pakistan
Amol Naik
Chemistry R and D, VerdeEn Chemicals Pvt. Ltd, Hapur District, Uttar Pradesh, India
Natasha
Department of Environmental Sciences, COMSATS University Islamabad, Vehari, Pakistan
Nabeel Khan Niazi
Institute of Soil and Environmental Sciences, University of Agriculture Faisalabad, Faisalabad,
Pakistan
Contributors xxiii
— Ei kun isäntänä.
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XV.
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