Ethical Considerations

in
Quantitative &
Qualitative
Research
Quantitative Research

• Data that are analyzed are in the form of

numbers.

• Eg: Behaviors are counted, correct answers or

errors are counted, and other types of measures
are recorded in terms of quantity.

• Quantitative research involves both

experimental and nonexperimental research.
 Qualitative Research

• Data that are recorded in narrative

descriptions, not numbers.

• Methods to observe and describe

conditions rather than control them.

Basic Ethical Principle for Qualitative Researchers is this:

Do not tamper with the natural setting under study.
 Accuracy

Plagiarism Credibility

Originality Confidential
Research
Ethics

Authenticity Transparency

Protecting Honesty
Accuracy
 Accuracy / Carefulness
Avoid careless errors
and negligence;

Carefully and critically

examine your own work

Keep good records of

research activities,
such as data collection,
research design, and
correspondence with
agencies or journals.
Credibility
 Credibility

• Proper Citations
• Acknowledgement
Confidential
 Confidential
Protect confidential
communications,
such as papers or
grants submitted
for publication,
personnel records,
trade or military secrets,
and patient records.
Protecting
 Protection

• When conducting research on

human subjects, minimize harms
and risks and maximize benefits;
• Respect human dignity, privacy,
and autonomy;

• Take special precautions with

vulnerable populations;
Transparency
Transparency/
Openness

Share data,
results, ideas,
tools,
resources.

Be open to
criticism and
new ideas.
Honesty
 Honestly report data,
results, methods and
procedures, and
publication status.

Do not fabricate, Do not deceive

falsify, colleagues,
or research sponsors,
misrepresent data. or
the public.
Authenticity
 Authenticity

Data should authentic

Information should be authentic
Proper references
Originality
Originality

Ideas should be fresh

Innovative work
Novel work
Plagiarism
Plagiarism

Plagiarism is the act of passing

off somebody else’s ideas,
thoughts, pictures, theories,
words, or stories as your own.