BIOLOGICAL SCIENCE

BIOLOGY -study of life

BIO - LIFE
LOGOS - STUDY

biotic - living
abiotic - non-living

fishes - ichthyology
plants- botany
animals - zoology
birds- ornithology
worms - helminthologty anti-coangulant - leeches
heredity - genetics - Gregor mendel
changes - evolution - Charles Darwin - survival of the feitest
cells - cytology - Robert Hooke
tissues - histology

BRANCHES OF BIOLOGY

BODY PARTS - ANATOMY

FUNCTIONS - PHYSIOLOGY
STRUCTURES/FORMS - MORPHOLOGY
ECOSYSTEM - ECOLOGY
NAMING - TAXONOMY Carolus Linnaeus
Parasites - parasitology
virus - virology
mammals - mammalogy
micro-organisms - microbiology

chracteristics of life
A - adaptation
B - breeding
C - cell
D - diff. level of organization
E - energy
F - food
G - growth and development
H - homeostasis
I - Irratability

adaptation

1. structural
-permanent
- physical characteristics

2. behavioral
- temporary
transpiration

breeding
1. asexual - one parent
- exact copy
-fission - bacteria
- budding - corals
-fragmentation - planaria

2. sexual - two parents

- variation
- female horse - male donkey = mule (sterile)
- same species can reproduce

diff. level of organization

atom
molecule
organelle
cell
tissue
organ
organ system
oraganism
population
community
ecosystem
biosphere

energy
-metabolism
sum of all chemical processes
catabolism + anabolism
-breaking building up
dowm

food 4 macromolecules

-carbohyfrates - CHO - energy: 2-4 hours

*building block: monosaccharides
Monosaccharides: Glucose - Fructose - Galactose
disaccharides: sucrose - glu+fru
maltose glu+glu
lactose glu+gala
polysaacharides: cellulose
starch

-proteins - CHON
*building blocks: amino acids
9 essentials 11 non-essential
-growth and repair
-hormones
-enzymes - speed up chemical process - lessen reaction time

fats/lipids - CHO
-building block: fatty acids
-insulation
-stored energy

nucleic acids - information storage

building block: nucleotide
dna
double stranted