SG2500HV-MV-20 Filter

SG2500HV-MV-20 Filter
Version Date Author Approved by
V10 Jan.16.2018;Mar.9.2018 Li X Zheng W

1.Introduction

This document describes the electromagnetic interference (EMI) filter for SG2500HV-MV-20.

This document is intended to be used by the specific addressees. No part of this document may be reproduced or
distributed in any form or by any means, without the prior written permission of Sungrow Power Supply Co., Ltd.

2.SG2500HV-MV-20 Filter Design

When electronic devices receive strong electromagnetic waves, unwanted electric currents can be induced in the
circuit and thus cause unintended operations or interference with the intended operations. To ensure the secured
grid interconnection and power quality, the PV inverters shall be properly designed with effective EMI filter, which is
an electronic component for providing electromagnetic noise suppression.
AC EMI Filter
Capacitor Capacitor Capacitor
DC EMI Filter Sine Wave Filter X X Y

PV+
Magnetic core

R
Capacitor X

DC
Capacitor Y

Capacitor X

Capacitor Y

AC S

PV- T

Fig.1 SG2500HV-MV-20 Filter Schematic Diagram

There are two main sources of high frequency noise generated by the PV inverters. One is the PWM modulation
frequency (2~20kHz), which is mainly attenuated by the sine wave filter. The other source originates in the switching
transients of the power electronics switching devices (IGBTs). The frequency ranges from several hundred kHz to
100MHz. The EMI filters are designed to attenuate this noise component.

2.1. DC EMI Filter

DC EMI filters of SG2500HV-MV-20 are comprised of capacitors X, capacitors Y, and a magnetic choke to remove
high-frequency EM interference generated during inverter operation.

2.2. AC EMI Filter

AC side of SG2500HV-MV-20 is equipped with a sine wave filter and an AC EMI filter, comprising capacitors X,
capacitors Y and ultra-crystallite magnetic choke. The sine wave filter mainly removes high order harmonics output
by the inverter to greatly reduce output current ripples. The EMI filter mainly removes broadband noise signals (dv/dt
and di/dt etc.) generated by operation of power semiconductor device- IGBT switch and internal PCB switching
power supply, to eliminate EM interference.

2.3. Design Principles

2.3.1. Electric Circuit Design Principles

Board Level Filtering, for PCB routing, the minimum circuit loop is considered for EMI Reduction Layout. The PCB
earthing wire shall be as wide as possible and directly connected to the inverter metallic enclosure via screws.

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SG2500HV-MV-20 Filter

Earthing principles: circuit loop independence and minimum impedance.

a). Earthing points of same grade circuits shall be as near as possible, power supply filtering capacitors of this grade
of the circuit must also be connected to these earthing points.

b). For the analogue amplification part, pay attention to prevent interference introduced by earthing impedance.

c). Low-frequency circuit shall adopt single point earthing at the signal source end. For high-frequency circuit,
multi-point earthing shall be considered. Earthing system of the control part and earthing system of power
conversion part shall maintain single point earthing.

d). General earthing wires shall strictly adopt the sequence of high frequency – medium frequency – low frequency –
earth, and from the weak power source to strong power source.

e). For high-frequency circuit, the large area enclosed earthing wire are considered to ensure good shielding effect.

f). Earths shall be directly connected to the metal housing via screws. Filtering board, power board, and charging
board shall all have corresponding earthing positions, and input and output ports shall all have separate earthing
wires, which are as short and thick as possible.

2.3.2. Structural Design Principle

The EMI shielding is to reduce the electromagnetic field in a space by blocking the field with barriers made
of conductive or magnetic materials. Shielding is typically applied to enclosures to isolate electrical devices from
their surroundings. For EMI shielding design, leakage coupled structure of different frequency channels shall be
determined, as well as maximum leakage coupling elements, to design reasonable dimensions of slits on the
shielding body, so as to shield the whole inverter.

The following are considered for the mechanical design in terms of EMI shielding:

Overlapping of the enclosure upper and lower covers: overlap point quantity and overlapping area directly determine
the size of gap of the enclosure, which shall be as small as possible. The design principle is to reduce spacing of
such points and increase slit depth.

Ventilation and heat dissipation openings: located on lower box body where cable routing is less. The maximum
dimension of such openings influences the shielding effectiveness the most, the depth of the openings has the
second largest effect, and the distance of openings has the minimum effect. Design principle is to increase the
density of ventilation openings and reduce the size of such openings.

Wires extending out of the housing: AC and DC incoming and outgoing wires, and communication wires etc. Add
common mode filtering magnetic core on the wire and add high-frequency capacitor to earth to the opening port, so
as to optimize PCB layout and reduce noise amplitude inside inverter.

Earthing wires: according to requirements for production compliance, each inverter has two earthing wires: one
connected to the interior of inverter enclosure, and the other connected to housing exterior. These earthing wires
shall be short and thick, have small impedance, and cannot be loosened. Between upper and lower covers, one
earthing wire can be connected to add an overlapping point.

3.Summary

This article described how the EMI is controlled in PV inverters; extra attention is also given to design the inverters
that are immune to EMI problems and guarantee reliable operation of the inverter in all worst case conditions.

The SG2500HV-MV-20 inverter is equipped with DC and AC EMI filters, which has been certified to meet the
standards IEC/EN 61000-6-2 and IEC/EN 61000-6-3 CLASS A and the effectiveness and reliability have been
proven in the harshest field applications.

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4.Appendix

Sungrow has the EMC testing platform with the highest power distribution capacity and one of the most advanced
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designs in PV and energy storage system (ESS) industry. It covers an area of over 700 m and has an internal
height of 7.8m. As the first of its kind in the industry, it can test large electrical equipment like a PV inverter turnkey
station as large as 5MW and as heavy as 20 tons at a distance of 10m which is required by relevant standards.

By employing the ROHDE & SCHWARZ EMC testing system, the chamber can reach test accuracy equal to that of
major third-party testing organizations.

Fig.2 Sungrow EMC Testing Lab