SG2500HV-MV-20 DC&AC Parallel Operation

SG2500HV-MV-20 DC&AC Parallel Operation

Version Date Author Approved by
V10 Aug.23.2017;Mar.9.2018 Li X Zheng W

1. Introduction

This document describes the AC&DC parallel operation of SG2500HV-MV-20 turnkey station and the implementation
technologies including carrier synchronization and multi-unit current-sharing.

This document is intended to be used by the specific addressees; No part of this document may be reproduced or
distributed in any form or by any means, without the prior written permission of Sungrow Power Supply Co., Ltd. .

2. SG2500HV-MV-20 DC&AC Parallel Operation

SG2500HV-MV-20 SG2500HV-MV-20

Fig.-1 DC&AC Parallel Operation of SG2500HV-MV-20

SG2500HV-MV-20 is composed of two SG1250HV inverter units. Its DC side is connected to a copper bus-bar.
Namely, two inverter units share one MPPT. Its AC side is grid-connected via a double-winding transformer. One of
the two inverter units operates as a master and the other operate as slave. The master implements carrier
synchronization and current sharing control through coordinated control over all inverter units, and keeps operation
conditions of the two inverters consistent, thereby suppressing parallel loop current. In this way, SG2500HV-MV-20
is equivalent to one inverter.

Inverter#1

synchronization
Inverter#N

Fig.-2 Simplified Schematic of Inverter Unit Parallel Connection

In Figure 2, Vm and θ refer to amplitude and phase of the output voltage of the parallel inverter unit, respectively.

In the photovoltaic power generation system, the inverter unit implements DC&AC parallel operation, which is
equivalent to a grid-connected inverter, providing that the amplitude of output voltage of all parallel units is identical,
and the frequency and the phase are approximately consistent. The main technologies include carrier
synchronization and current sharing.

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SG2500HV-MV-20 DC&AC Parallel Operation

2.1. Carrier Synchronization

The inverter carrier synchronization is to suppress the carrier phase difference of parallel inverter units and
effectively suppress the high-frequency loop current.

Existing Phase Difference Eliminating Phase Difference

Parallel Units without Carrier Parallel Units with Carrier

Synchronization Synchronization

Fig.-3 Schematic of Carrier Synchronization Suppressing Phase Difference

Comparison of Bode plot of the inverter unit before and after carrier synchronization is as follows. When there is no
carrier synchronization, the high band gain of the Bode plot of the system is large, as shown in the part indicated by
red dashed line in the figure, which affects the system stability. After carrier synchronization, the performance of the
Bode plot of the system is improved, and it is consistent with the Bode plot of a single inverter. Therefore, by adding
carrier synchronization, the parallel system is equivalent to a single inverter.

without Carrier
Synchronization

with Carrier
Synchronization

Fig.-4. Comparison of Bode Plot of Inverter Unit Before and After Carrier Synchronization

Two inverter units of SG2500HV-MV-20 implement PWM carrier synchronization via CPLD plus isolating circuit. The
master sends a carrier synchronization signal that is transmitted to the slave via an optical isolated transmission for
synchronous phase locking so that each inverter unit outputs the synchronous carrier signal to effectively suppress
the high-frequency loop current. The master transmitting the carrier synchronization signal is not fixed and can be
seamlessly switched depending on system conditions, thus implementing redundant control of carrier
synchronization, and improving system stability.

MODULE N

Fig.-5 Implementation of Carrier Synchronization

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SG2500HV-MV-20 DC&AC Parallel Operation

2.2. Multi-unit Current Sharing Control

Fig.-6. Schematic of Output of Inverter Unit without Current Sharing

If the current level of each inverter unit differs, the modulating wave of each unit will vary, resulting in the
inconsistency of amplitude and phase of the output voltage of the inverters.

Since the system shares same DC&AC buses, the modulating wave of parallel units is consistent if current sharing
is realized among parallel inverter units. The master-slave mode is applied to the control strategy. The master
completes MPPT and voltage loop control to evenly distribute the generated current to each parallel unit, and the
current loop controls the output current, thus implementing multi-unit current sharing.

Fig.-7 Schematic of Current Sharing Control

3. Conclusion

For DC&AC parallel operation, the carrier synchronization and loop current suppression strategy effectively
suppress the parallel loop current, thus achieving the same performance as a single unit.

SG2500HV-MV-20 has been certified by TUV for safety compliance, electromagnetic compatibility, and
grid-connection compliance.