Mathematics 8

Quarter 4
Self-Learning Module 7
Parallel lines and Perpendicularity
Mathematics – Grade 8
Quarter 4 – Self-Learning Module 7: Proves properties of parallel lines cut by a
transversal.
First Edition, 2020

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Mathematics 8
Quarter 4
Self-Learning Module 7
Proves Properties of Parallel
lines cut by a Transversal
Introductory Message

For the Facilitator:

Welcome to the Mathematics Grade 8 Self-Learning Module on Proves

Properties of Parallel lines cut by a Transversal!

This Self-Learning Module was collaboratively designed, developed and

reviewed by educators from the Schools Division Office of Pasig City headed by its
Officer-in-Charge Schools Division Superintendent, Ma. Evalou Concepcion A.
Agustin, in partnership with the City Government of Pasig through its mayor,
Honorable Victor Ma. Regis N. Sotto. The writers utilized the standards set by the K
to 12 Curriculum using the Most Essential Learning Competencies (MELC) in
developing this instructional resource.

This learning material hopes to engage the learners in guided and independent
learning activities at their own pace and time. Further, this also aims to help learners
acquire the needed 21st century skills especially the 5 Cs, namely: Communication,
Collaboration, Creativity, Critical Thinking, and Character while taking into
consideration their needs and circumstances.

In addition to the material in the main text, you will also see this box in the
body of the self-learning module:

Notes to the Teacher

This contains helpful tips or strategies
that will help you in guiding the learners.

As a facilitator you are expected to orient the learners on how to use this self-
learning module. You also need to keep track of the learners' progress while allowing
them to manage their own learning. Moreover, you are expected to encourage and
assist the learners as they do the tasks included in this self-learning module.
 For the Learner:

Welcome to the Mathematics Grade 8 Self-Learning Module on Proves

properties of parallel lines cut by a transversal!

This self-learning module was designed to provide you with fun and
meaningful opportunities for guided and independent learning at your own pace and
time. You will be enabled to process the contents of the learning material while being
an active learner.

This self-learning module has the following parts and corresponding icons:

Expectations - This points to the set of knowledge and skills

that you will learn after completing the module.

Pretest - This measures your prior knowledge about the lesson

at hand.

Recap - This part of the module provides a review of concepts

and skills that you already know about a previous lesson.

Lesson - This section discusses the topic in the module.

Activities - This is a set of activities that you need to perform.

Wrap-Up - This section summarizes the concepts and

application of the lesson.

Valuing - This part integrates a desirable moral value in the

lesson.

Posttest - This measures how much you have learned from the
entire module.
 EXPECTATION
1. Prove properties of parallel lines cut by a transversal.

PRETEST
Directions: Read each item carefully. Write T if the statement is true and F if
the statement is false.
If two lines are cut by a transversal,
1. Alternate interior angles are congruent.
2. Corresponding angles are congruent.
3. Vertical angles are congruent.
4. Interior angles on the same side of the transversal are complementary.
5. Angles form a linear pair are congruent.

RECAP

Complete the table using the illustration below.

1 2
3 4
5 6
7 8

Alternate Same side

Corresponding Alternate Same side
Exterior Exterior
Angles Interior Angles Interior Angles
Angles Angles
 LESSON

When it comes to proving two lines that are parallel, all you have to look at
are the angles. Specifically, look for pairs of:

1. Corresponding angles
2. Alternate interior angles
3. Alternate exterior angles
4. Supplementary angles

Alternate Interior Angles Theorem

If two parallel lines are cut by a transversal and a pair of alternate interior
angles are congruent.

Alternate Exterior Angles Theorem

If two lines are cut by a transversal and a pair of alternate exterior angles are
congruent.

Given: ∠ 1 ≅ ∠ 4
Prove: a ∥ b
1
2
3
4

Proof:
Statements Reasons
1. ∠1 ≅ ∠4 1. Given
2. ∠1 ≅ ∠2 2. Vertical angles are congruent
3. ∠2 ≅ ∠4 3. Transitive Property of Congruence
4. ∠4 ≅ ∠3 4. Vertical angles are congruent
5. ∠2 ≅ ∠3 5. Transitive Property of Congruence
6. a∥b 6. Alternative Interior Angles Theorem

Corresponding Angles Postulate

If two lines are cut by a transversal and a pair of corresponding angles are
congruent.

Given: Lines l and m cut by a transversal t, ∠ 1 ≅ ∠ 5

Prove: l ∥ m
 l 1 2
4 3
5 6
m 8 7

Proof:
Statements Reasons
1. ∠1 ≅ ∠5 1. Given
2. ∠ 1 + ∠ 4 = 180⁰ 2. Definition of Supplementary Angles
∠ 5 + ∠ 8 = 180⁰
3. ∠1+ ∠4= ∠5+ ∠8 3. Substitution
4. ∠4 ≅ ∠8 4. Substitution (1), Addition Property of Equality
5. ∠ 4 + ∠ 3 = 180⁰ 5. Definition of Supplementary Angles
∠ 1 + ∠ 2 = 180⁰
∠ 8 + ∠ 7 = 180⁰
∠ 1 + ∠ 8 = 180⁰
6. 𝑚∠ 3 ≅ 𝑚∠ 7, 6.Supplements of the same angles are
𝑚∠ 2 ≅ 𝑚∠ 6 congruent
7. l∥m 7.Corresponding Angles Postulate

Interior Angles-Same Side Theorem

If two lines are cut by a transversal so that the interior angles on the same
side of the transversal are supplementary.

Exterior Angles-Same Side Theorem

If two lines are cut by a transversal so that the exterior angles on the same
side of the transversal are supplementary.

Given: Lines l₁ and l₂ cut by a transversal t, l₁ ∥ l₂.

Prove: ∠ 1 𝑎𝑛𝑑 ∠ 2 are supplementary.

1
l₁
2
3
l₂
Proof:
Statements Reasons
1. l₁ ∥ l₂. 1. Given
2. ∠ 1 ≅ ∠ 3 2. Definition of Corresponding Angles
Postulate
3. ∠ 1 𝑎𝑛𝑑 ∠ 2 form linear pair 3. Definition of Linear Pair
4. ∠ 1 𝑎𝑛𝑑 ∠ 2 are supplementary 4. Supplement Postulate
angles.
5. ∠ 1 + ∠ 2 = 180⁰ 5. Definition of Supplementary Angles
6. ∠ 1 ≅ ∠ 3 6. Definition of Congruent Angles
7. ∠ 2 + ∠ 3 = 180⁰ 7. Substitution
8. ∠ 2 𝑎𝑛𝑑 ∠ 3 are supplementary 8. Definition of Supplementary Angles
angles.

ACTIVITIES

ACTIVITY 1: LET’S PRACTICE!

1. Given: a ∥ b, transversal t cuts line a and b.

Prove: ∠ 1 ≅ ∠ 2

2
3

Proof:
Statements Reasons
1. a ∥ b 1.
2. ∠ 1 ≅ ∠ 3 2.
3. 3. Vertical Angles Theorem
4. ∠ 1 ≅ ∠ 2 4.

2. Given: Lines l and m cut by transversal t

∠1 ≅ ∠3
Prove: l ∥ m
2
1
l
m
3
Proof:
Statements Reasons
1. 1. Given
2. ∠ 1 ≅ ∠ 2 2.
3. 3. Substitution (1,2)
4. l ∥ m 4.

ACTIVITY 2: KEEP PRACTICING!

Given: Lines x and y cut by transversal t
x ∥ y; t ⊥ x
Prove: t ⊥ y

1
x

2 y

Proof:
Statements Reasons
1. 1. Given
2. ∠1 is a right angle 2.
3. 3. Definition of Right Angle
4. x∥y 4.
5. 5. Definition of Corresponding Angles Postulate
6. 6. Definition of congruent Angles
7. 𝑚∠2 = 90⁰ 7.
8. ∠2 is a right angle 8.
9. t⊥y 9.

ACTIVITY 3: TEST YOURSELF!

1. Given: l₁ ∥ l₂, transversal t

Prove: ∠ 1 ≅ ∠ 2

l₁ 1
2
l₂ 3
 2. Given: a ∥ b
Prove: ∠ 1 and ∠ 3 are supplementary

2
3 4

WRAP-UP

Remember…

Transversal is a line which intersects two lines at two different points.

Alternate Interior Angle-Parallel Theorem

If two parallel lines are cut by a transversal, then any pair of alternate interior
angles are congruent.

Alternate Exterior Angles-Parallel Theorem

If two lines are cut by a transversal and a pair of alternate exterior angles are
congruent.

Corresponding Angles-Parallel Postulate

If two lines are cut by a transversal and a pair of corresponding angles are
congruent.

Interior Angles Same Side-Parallel Theorem

If two lines are cut by a transversal so that the interior angles on the same
side of the transversal are supplementary.

Exterior Angles-Same Side-Parallel Theorem

If two lines are cut by a transversal so that the exterior angles on the same
side of the transversal are supplementary.
 VALUING

REFLECTION: (Journal Writing)

Parallelism connotes “constancy of distance” and to some degree “similarity in
direction”. Thus, when we say we have parallel visions, we mean that we share the
same vision or in other words, we have similar goal. Do you think your vision for
yourself is parallel to God’s vision for you? Please share your thoughts.

POSTTEST

A. Directions: Read each item carefully. Choose the letter of the best answer
to complete the statement.

1. If two lines are cut by a transversal and a pair of alternate interior angles are
congruent, then the lines are _____________.
A. supplementary C. parallel
B. congruent D. perpendicular

2. If two lines are cut by transversal and a pair of alternate exterior angles are
__________, then the lines are parallel.
A. supplementary C. parallel
B. congruent D. perpendicular

3. If two lines are cut by a transversal so that the interior angles on the same
side of the transversal are ____________, then the lines are parallel.
A. supplementary C. parallel
B. congruent D. perpendicular

B. For nos. 4-5. Given a // b, cut by a transversal:

4. What kind of angle pair is ∠1 and ∠5?

A. same side interior angles C. same side exterior angles
B. corresponding angles D. alternate interior angles 1 2
3 4

5. Which angle pair is same side interior angles? 5 6

7 8
A. ∠3 and ∠5 C. ∠2 and ∠7
B. ∠1 and ∠7 D. ∠1 and ∠8
PRETEST
1. T 2. T 3. T 4. F 5. F
RECAP
Alternate Alternate Same side Same side
Corresponding
Interior Exterior Interior Exterior
Angles
Angles Angles Angles Angles
∠ 1 𝑎𝑛𝑑 ∠ 5 ∠ 3 𝑎𝑛𝑑 ∠ 6 ∠ 1 𝑎𝑛𝑑 ∠ 8 ∠ 3 𝑎𝑛𝑑 ∠ 5 ∠ 1 𝑎𝑛𝑑 ∠ 7
∠ 2 𝑎𝑛𝑑 ∠ 6 ∠ 4𝑎𝑛𝑑 ∠ 5 ∠ 2 𝑎𝑛𝑑 ∠ 7 ∠ 4 𝑎𝑛𝑑 ∠ 6 ∠ 2 𝑎𝑛𝑑 ∠ 8
∠ 3 𝑎𝑛𝑑 ∠ 7
∠ 4 𝑎𝑛𝑑 ∠ 8
ACTIVITY 1
1.
Statement Reason
1. Given
2. Definition of Alternate Exterior Angle
Theorem
3. ∠ 2 ≅ ∠3
4. Corresponding Angles-Parallel
Postulate
2.
Statement Reason
1. ∠ 1 ≅ ∠3
2. Vertical angles are ≅
3. ∠ 2 ≅ ∠3
4.Corresponding Angles-Parallel
Postulate
KEY TO CORRECTION
ACTIVITY 2
Statement Reason
1. l ∥ x; t ⊥ x
2.Two perpendicular lines form 4 right ∠𝑠
3. 𝑚∠ 1 = 90⁰
4. Given
5. ∠ 1 ≅ ∠2
6. ∠ 1 = ∠2
7. Substitution
8. Definition of right ∠𝑠
9. Definition of Perpendicular lines
ACTIVITY 3
1.
Statement Reason
1. ∠ 1 ≅ ∠3 1. Corresponding Angles Postulate
2. ∠ 1 ≅ ∠2 2. Vertical Angles Theorem
3. ∠ 4 ≅ ∠6 3. Transitive Property of Congruence
2.
Statement Reason
1. ∠ 1 ≅ ∠2 1. Corresponding Angles Postulate
2. 𝑚∠ 2 + 𝑚 ∠3 = 180⁰ 2. Definition of Linear Pair
3. 𝑚∠ 1 + 𝑚∠3 = 180⁰ 3. Substitution Property of Equality
4. ∠ 1 and ∠ 3 are 4. Definition of Supplementary Angles
supplementary
POSTTEST
1. C 2. B 3. A 4. B 5. A
 References

Manalo, Catalina, and Josephine Suzara. Next Century Mathematics 8: Quezon

City: Phoenix Publishing House Inc.,2013.

Nivera,Gladys, Olivia Buzon, and Minie Rose Lapinid. Geometry: Patterns and
Practicalalities: Makati City: Salesiana Publishers, Inc, 2007.

Oronce, Orlando, and Marilyn Mendoza. E-MATH 8. Manila: Rex Book Store, Inc.,
2015.

Oronce, Orlando, and Marilyn Mendoza. Exploring Mathematics III. Manila: Rex
Book Store, Inc., 2003.

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