BASIC PLUMBING

CONCEPTS AND
PRINCIPLES
 BASIC CONCEPT
OF PLUMBING
includes all the water system
the art and technique from the drainage system,
of installing in building vents, septic tank, waste pipe,
the pipes, fixtures, and vent system, and vent pipes,
other apparatuses for water supply allocation such as
bringing in the water hot and cold water, steel pipes,
supply, liquids plastic pipe, and other
plumbing installations.
Pipes: These are the conduits (pipeline) through which fluids flow. They
can be made of various materials such as copper, PVC, or steel, and they
come in different sizes and types to accommodate specific needs.

Fixtures: These are the endpoints where water is used, including sinks,
faucets, toilets, showers, and appliances like dishwashers and washing
machines.

Drainage: Plumbing systems also handle the removal of wastewater and

sewage from buildings, directing them to sewage treatment facilities or
septic tanks.

Ventilation: Proper ventilation within plumbing systems prevents the

buildup of gases and ensures smooth drainage.

Water Supply: Plumbing systems deliver potable (drinkable) water to

various points in a building, ensuring a clean and reliable water source.9
PRINCIPLES OF PLUMBING
Revised National Plumbing Code of the Philippines (Basic Principles ofthe
1999 National Plumbing Code of the Philippines Flashcards)

01 CLEAN WATER: All premises intended for human habitation, occupancy or use
shall be provided with a supply of pure and wholesome water supplies..

02 VOLUME AND PRESSURE: Plumbing fixtures, devices and appurtenances shall be

supplies with water in sufficient volume and at pressure adequate to enable them to
function satisfactorily and without undue noise under all normal conditions.

03 EFFIECIENCY: Plumbing shall be designed and adjusted to use the minimum

quantity of water consistent with proper performance and cleaning

04 EXPLOSION: Devices for heating and storing water shall be so designed and
installed as to prevent dangers from explosion through overheating.
05 SEWER: Every building having plumbing fixtures installed and intended for human habitation,
shall be connected to the sewer system.

06 PLUMBING UNIT: Each family dwelling unit on premises abutting on a sewer or with a private
sewage-disposal system shall have at least one water closet and one kitchen type sink.
Further, a lavatory and bathtub or shower shall be installed to meet the basic requirements
of sanitation and personal hygiene.

07 VENTILATION: plumbing fixtures shall be located in ventilated enclosures.

CLEANOUTS: The drainage system shall be designed, constructed and maintained to
08 safeguard against fouling, deposit of solids, clogging and with adequate clean outs so
arranged that the pipes may be readily cleaned.

09 NAMPAP: All pipings of plumbing systems shall be of durable NAMPAP (National Master
Plumbers Association of the Philippines) APPROVED materials, free form defective
workmanship,designed and constructed by Registered Master Plumbers to ensure
satisfactory service.
10 TRAP: Each fixture directly connected to the drainage system shall be equipped with a
water-sealed trap.
11 AIR CIRCULATION: The drainage piping system shall be designed to provide adequate
circulation of air free from siphonage, aspiration or forcing of trap seals under ordinary use.

12 VENTI TERMINALS: Vent terminals shall extend to the outer air and installed to preempt
cloggingand the return of foul air to the building.

13 TEST: Plumbing systems shall be subjected to such tests to effectively disclose all leaks and
defects in the workmanship.

14 SEWAGE HARM: No substance which will clog the pipes, produce explosive mixture, destroy
the pipes or their joints or interfere unduly with the sewage-disposal process shall be
allowed to enter the building drainage system.

15 CONTAMINATION: Proper protection shall be provided to prevent contamination of food,

water, sterile goods and similar materials by backflow of sewage. When necessary, the
fixture, device orappliance shall be connected indirectly with the building drainage system.
16 WC LIGHT: No water closet shall be located in a room or compartment which is not properly
lighted and ventilated.
17 SEPTIC TANK: If water closets or other plumbing fixtures are installed in buildings where
there is no sewer within a reasonable distance, suitable provision shall be made for
disposing of the building sewage by some accepted method of sewage treatment and
disposal, such as a septic tank.

18 SEWAGE BACKFLOW: Where a plumbing drainage system may be subject tb backflow of

sewage, suitable provision shall be made to prevent its overflow in the building.
19 RMP: Plumbing systems shall be maintained in serviceable condition by Registered Master
Plumbers.

20 ACCESSIBLE: All plumbing fixtures shall be installed properly spaced, to be accessible for
their intended use.

21 STRUCTUIRAL STABILITY: Plumbing shall be installed by Registered Master Plumbers with

due regard to the preservation of the strength of structural members and the prevention of
damage to walls and other surfaces through fixture usage.
22 SEWAGE TREATMENT: Sewage or other waste from a plumbing system which may be
deleterious to surface or sub-surface waters shall not be discharged into the ground or into
any waterway, unless first rendered innocuous through subjection to some acceptable form
of treatment.