TOPIC 1: INTRODUCTION TO ENVIRONMENTAL SYSTEMS

DEFINE AN ECOCENTRIST : DEFINE AN ANTHROPOCENTRIST : DEFINE A TECHNOCENTRIST :

…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… …………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… ……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………

…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… …………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… ……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… …………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… ……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… …………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… ……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………

DISTINGUISH BETWEEN A DEEP ECOLOGIST AND A SOFT ECOLOGIST. SUMMARISE THE CHERNOBYL DISASTER, THE MINAMATA BAY DISASTER AND THE RIO 1992 EARTH SUMMIT AND EXPLAIN HOW THEY IMPACTED THE
ENVIRONMENTAL MOVEMENT
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
CHERNOBYL MINAMATA RIO EARTH SUMMIT
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………… ……………………………………………………………………… ………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………… ……………………………………………………………………… ………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………… ……………………………………………………………………… ………………………………………………………………………
USING CHRISTIANS AND BOUDHISTS, EXPLAIN HOW RELIGION CAN INFLUENCE ……………………………………………………………………… ……………………………………………………………………… ………………………………………………………………………
EVS.
……………………………………………………………………… ……………………………………………………………………… ………………………………………………………………………
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… EFFECT:
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… ……………………………………………………………………… ……………………………………………………………………… ………………………………………………………………………

…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… ……………………………………………………………………… ……………………………………………………………………… ………………………………………………………………………

…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… ……………………………………………………………………… ……………………………………………………………………… ………………………………………………………………………

…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… ……………………………………………………………………… ……………………………………………………………………… ………………………………………………………………………

USING EXAMPLES, EXPLAIN:

USING NAITIVE AMERICANS AND “OLD WORLD” AMERICANS, EXPLAIN HOW EXPLAIN THE GAIA THEORY
CULTURE CAN SHAPE EVS.
POSITIVE FEEDBACKS: ……………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… ……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… NEGATIVE FEEDBACKS: ……………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… ……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… TIPPING POINTS: ……………………………………………………………………………………………..
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… ……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………

DEFINE THE TERMS; WHY ARE ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT ASSESSMENTS USEFUL? DEFINE THE TRAGEDY OF THE COMMONS:
NATURAL INCOME: ………………………………………………………………………………………..
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… ……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… ……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
ECOSYSTEM SERVICE: ……………………………………………………………………………………
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… ……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… ……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
SUSTAINABLE: ………………………………………………………………………………………………
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… ……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… ……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
ECOLOGICAL FOOTPRINT: …………………………………………………………………………….
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… ……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..
 TOPIC 2: ECOSYSTEMS
DISTINGUISH BETWEEN AN ECOSYSTEM AND A BIOME. LIST BIOTIC AND ABIOTIC FACTORS OF AN ECOSYSTEM. USING A SPECIFIC SPECIE AS AN EXAMPLE, EXPLAIN WHAT A NICHE IS.

…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… BIOTIC ABIOTIC ……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………

…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… ……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… ……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… ……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………

EXPLAIN WHY THE TUNDRA WILL HAVE A LOWER PRODUCTIVITY THAN A EXPLAIN THE REASON FOR THE DIFFERENCE IN SHAPE BETWEEN J AND S USE EXAMPLES TO EXPLAIN THE IMPORTANCE OF COMPETITION AND
TROPICAL RAINFOREST CURVES PREDATION IN A SPECIFIC ECOSYSTEM

…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… ……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… ……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… ……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… ……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
DIFFERENTIATE BETWEEN K AND R SPECIES
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
K SPECIES R SPECIES
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
GIVE AN EXAMPLE OF EACH OF THE FOLLOWING SYMBIOTIC RELATIONSHIPS:
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… MUTUALISM COMMENSUALISM PARASITISM

……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………

DESCRIBE EACH PYRAMID AND EXPLAIN THEIR LIMITATIONS WRITE A FLOW DIAGRAM EXPLAINING PHOTOSYNTHESIS AND RESPIRATION

PYRAMID OF NUMBERS PYRAMID OF BIOMASS PYRAMID OF PRODUCTIVITY

DIFFERENTIATE BETWEEN GROSS PRIMARY PRODUCTIVITY AND NET COMPARE THE FEATURES OF TROPICAL GRASSLANDS AND THE TUNDRA. IDENTIFY SIMILARITIES AND DIFFERENCES.
SECONDARY PRODUCTIVITY
TROPICAL GRASSLANDS TUNDRA
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………

IDENTIFY THE MAIN STORES OF CARBON IN THE CARBON AND EXPLAIN
HOW HUMAN ACTIVITY CAN AFFECT THEM.
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
EXPLAIN THE ROLE OF BACTERIA IN THE NITROGEN CYCLE.
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
EXPLAIN THE GRAPH BELOW WHICH SHOWS THE CHANGES IN BIODIVERSITY
THROUGHOUT THE STAGES OF SUCCESSION:
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
DESCRIBE AN APPROPRIATE SAMPLING METHOD FOR STUDYING ZONATION AS
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
TOPIC 2: ECOSYSTEMS (CONTINUED)
EXPLAIN THE REASONS FOR THE DIFFERENCES IN THE NUTRIENT CYCLES OF
TROPICAL RAINFORESTS AND BOREAL FORESTS
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
DESCRIBE AN APPROPRIATE SAMPLING METHOD FOR CALCULATING THE
DENSITY OF DAISIES IN A FIELD.
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
WE MOVE AWAY FROM A BEACH.
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
COMPARE THE TYPES OF ORGANISMS FOUND IN PIONNER SPECIES TO THOSE
FOUND IN CLIMATIC CLIMAX SPECIES.
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
GIVE SOME EXAMPLES OF DEFLECTED SUCCESSION
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
DISTINGUISH BETWEEN SUCCESSION AND ZONATION
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
THE CATCH AND RELEASE METHOD WAS USED TO COLLECT DATA ON FROGS IN A
POND. THE RESULTS ARE SHOW BELOW. USE LINCOLN’S INDEX TO CALCULATE THE
ESTIMATED POPULATION SIZE.
TRIAL 1: 22 FROGS, TRIAL 2: 19 FROGS, 11 MARKED
USE SIMPSON’S DIVERSITY INDEX TO DETERMINE WHICH AREA HAS THE BEST
BIODIVERSITY.
D = N (N – 1)
∑ n (n – 1)
AREA 1 AREA 2
SPECIE QUANITY SPECIE QUANITY
A 12 A 14
B 16 B 20
C 5 C 10
D 2 D 5

DIFFERENTIATE BETWEEN SPECIES DIVERSITY AND GENETIC DIVERSITY.
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
EXPLAIN THE MAIN REASONS FOR SPECIATION.
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
DISCUSS THE MAIN THREATS TO BIODIVERSITY
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
ECOCENTRIC
TOPIC 3: BIODIVERSITY
NAME AND EXPLAIN 3 ECOSYSTEM SERVICES.
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
USING THE CONCEPT OF NATURAL SELECTION, EXPLAIN WHAT IS HAPPENING
TO THE SNAIL POPULATION AND WHY.
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
IDENTIFY FOUR CRITERIA THAT THE IUCN USES ON THEIR RED LIST TO
DETERMINE THE CONSERVATION STATUS OF AN ORGANISM.
1.………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
2.………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..
3.………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
4.………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..
IDENTIFY VARIOUS STRATEGIES TO PROTECT RAINFOREST.
TECHNOCENTRIC
EVALUATE THE USEFULNESS OF HOTSPOTS FOR CONSERVATION.
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
USING EXAMPLES,EXPLAIN HOW PREVIOUS MASS EXTINCTION EVENTS DIFFER
TO THE CURRENT 6TH MASS EXTINCTION.
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
FOR AN EXTINCT SPECIE YOU HAVE STUDIED, EXPLAIN THE CAUSES OF THEIR
EXTINCTION AND ITS EFFECTS.
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
EXPLAIN WHY THE TROPICAL RAINFOREST IS IMPORTANT.
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
ANTHROPOCENTRIC

DISCUSS THE MAIN ARGUMENTS FOR CONSERVATION
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
IDENTIFY AND EPXPLAIN TWO EVENTS THAT HAD A SIGNIFICANT IMPACT ON
CONSERVATION.
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
USING EXAMPLES, DISTINGUISH BETWEEN A FLAGSHIP SPECIE AND A KEYSTONE
SPECIE
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
WHICH TYPE OF SPECIE IS BETTER TO FOCUS ON FOR CONSERVATION,
KEYSTONE OR FLAGSHIP? JUSTIFY YOUR CHOICE.
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
TOPIC 3: BIODIVERSITY (CONTINUE)
NAME AN IGO AND NGO INVOLVED IN CONSERVATION AND EXPLAIN HOW EVALUATE THE SUCCESS OF EX SITU CONSERVATION
THEIR ACTIONS WOULD DIFFER.
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
IGO NGO
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………. ……………………………………………………….
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………. ……………………………………………………….
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………. ……………………………………………………….
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………. ……………………………………………………….
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………. ……………………………………………………….
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
DISCUSS THE IMPORTANCE OF ISLAND BIOGEOGRAPHY WHEN DESIGNING ECOCENTRIC CONSERVATION TECHNIQUES ARE MORE EFFECTIVE. TO WHAT
PROTECTED AREAS USING THE DIAGRAMBELOW. EXTENT DO YOU AGREE WITH THIS VIEWPOINT?
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
WORST
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
BETTER
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
 TOPIC 4: WATER FOOD PRODUCTION AND SYSTEMS
CREATE A FLOW DIAGRAM FOR THE WATER CYCLE. IT SHOULD INCLUDE THE FOLLOWING INPUTS, FLOWS, STORES AND OUTPUTS:
INTERCEPTION, THROUGHFLOW, GROUNDWATER, GROUNDWATER FLOW, PERCOILATION, PRECIPITATION,INTERCEPTION, SOIL MOISTURE, SURFACE RUNOFF,
INFILTRATION, SURFACE STORAGE, CONDENSATION, EVAPORATION, EVAPOTRANSPIRATION, STEMFLOW, OCEAN.
EXPLAIN WHAY IS EL NINO AND LA NINA EVENTS.
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
EXPLAIN HOW TEMPERATURE AND SALT CONTENT CREATES OCEAN CURRENTS.
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
EXPLAIN WHY THE WATER CYCLE CAN BE SEEN AS BEING DYNAMIC.
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
EXPLAIN HOW DEFORESTATION IMPACTS THE WATER CYCLE
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
WHY IS THERE GROWING DEMAND FOR FRESH WATER?
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
WHY IS THERE A FALLING SUPPLY IN FRESH WATER?
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
 TOPIC 4: WATER FOOD PRODUCTION AND SYSTEMS (CONTINUED)
WHAT PROBLEMS ARE CAUSED BY WATER SHORTAGES?
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
EXPLAIN HOW THE BUILDING OF THE GERD IN ETHIOPIA HAS LED TO TENSIONS
WITH ITS NEIGHBOURS
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
DISCUSS WHAT HAS LED TO THE COLLAPSE OF THE NEWFOUNDLAND FISHERIES
AND HOW FISHING CAN BE MADE TO BE MORE SUSTAINABLE.
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
EXPLAIN HOW HYPOXIA CAN HAPPEN IN A BODY OF WATER AND THE DEAD
ZONES THAT ARE CREATED.
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
WHAT ARE POSSIBLE SOLUTIONS TO WATER SHORTAGES?
ECOCENTRIC ANTHROPOCENTRIC TECHNOCENTRIC
WITH REFERENCE TO THE CONCEPT OF MAXIMUM SUSTAINABLE YIELD,
EXPLAIN THE ISSUE OF OVERFISHING.
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
PICK A MARINE SPECIE AND EXPLAIN WHY THEIR EXPLOITATION HAS PROVED
CONTROVERSIAL. DISCUSS ARGUMENTS FOR AND AGAINST.
Specie ………………………………………………
FOR AGAINST
EXPLAIN THE PROCESS OF EUTROPHICATION.
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
EVALUTE THE IMPACTS OF DAMS
POSTIVE NEGATIVE
EXPLAIN HOW TECHNOLOGICAL IMPROVEMENTS IN FISHING HAS LED TO
OVERFISHING.
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
DISCUSS HOW WE CAN USE ABIOTIC AND BIOTIC FACTORS TO TEST FOR WATER
POLLUTION.
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
DISCUSS A STRATEGY THAT COULD BE IMPLEMENTED TO DEAL WITH THE
GREAT GARBAGE PATCH.
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
 TOPIC 5: SOILS FOOD PRODUCTION AND SYSTEMS
EXPLAIN HOW SOILS CAN BE VIEWED AS A SYSTEM.
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
DISCUSS THE MAIN ENVIRONMENTAL PROBLEMS CAUSED BY FARMING.
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
COMMERCIAL FARMING IS ALWAYS UNSUSTAINABLE. DISCUSS.
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
EXPLAIN THE BIOTIC AND ABIOTIC FACTORS THAT CAN EFFECT A SOIL PROFILE.
ABIOTIC BIOTIC
EXPLAIN HOW IMPROVEMENTS IN TECHNOLOGY CAN LEAD TO A MORE
RELIABLE SUPPLY OF FOOD.
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
COMPARE AND CONTRAST THE MAIN SOIL TYPES.
CLAY SAND SILT
DRAW A SYSTEMS DIAGRAM FOR A FARMING EXAMPLE OF YOUR CHOICE. IT
SHOULD IDENTIFY INPUTS, PROCESS AND OUTPUTS.
DISCUSS THE MAIN HUMAN CAUSES OF SOIL EROSION
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
 TOPIC 5: SOILS FOOD PRODUCTION AND SYSTEMS (CONTINUED)
DISTINGUISH BETWEEN SOIL EROSION AND SOIL DEGRADATION
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
EXPLAIN THE CAUSES OF THE GREAT DUST BOWL IN THE USA
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
DISCUSS 5 STRATEGIES THAT CAN BE USED TO REDUCE SOIL EROSION AND
DEGRADATION.
1. ……………………………………………………………………………………………………………
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
2. ……………………………………………………………………………………………………………
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
3. ……………………………………………………………………………………………………………
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
4. ……………………………………………………………………………………………………………
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
5. ……………………………………………………………………………………………………………
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
DISCUSS THE CAUSES AND SOLUTIONS TO DESERTIFICATION IN THE SAHEL
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………

DRAW A SYSTEM’S DIAGRAM FOR THE EARTH’S ENERGY BUDGET
EXPLAIN WHAT IS THE ALBEDO EFFECT AND HOW THE EFFECT CAN BE SEEN AS
IDENTIFY SOME OF THE MAIN SOURCES OF AIR POLLUTION AND THEIR
IMPACTS.
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
DISCUSS HOW POLLUTION SUCH AS ACID RAIN CAN BE SEEN AS A
TRANSBOUNDARY POLLUTANT.
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
TOPIC 6: THE ATMOSPHERE
EXPLAIN THE EFFECTS THAT CLOUD COVER HAS ON THE ENERGY BUDGET
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
A POSITIVE FEEDBACK IN GLOBAL WARMING.
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
EXPLAIN HOW SMOG CAN BE CAUSED BY A TEMPERATURE INVERSION.
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
DISCUSS THE EFFECTS OF ACID RAIN ON SOILS, FORESTS, BODIES OF WATER
AND HUMANS.
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
EXPLAIN THE ROLE OF THE OZONE LAYER
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
EXPLAIN THE PROBLEMS CAUSED BY THE USE OF CFCs.
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
THE MONTREAL PROTOCOL WAS THE MOST SUCCESFUL ENVIRONMENTAL
TREATY. DISCUSS WHY.
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
EXPLAIN HOW AIR POLLUTION CAN BE MANAGED DIFFERENTLY, DEPENDING
ON EVS.
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
EVALUATE THE SOLUTIONS USED TO TACKLE ACID RAIN
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………

DISCUSS THE LIMITATION OF EACH TYPE OF ENERGY
FOSSIL FUELS RENEWABLE
BIOFUELS ARE A MORE SUSTAINABLE OPTION FOR TRANSPORT THAN PETROL.
EVALUATE THIS STATEMENT.
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
EXPLAIN WHY THE GREENHOUSE EFFECT IS NATURAL BUT IT IS ENHANCED BY
HUMANS.
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
TOPIC 7: ENERGY USE
DISCUSS THE NEW METHODS USED TO EXTRACT FOSSIL FUELS.
NUCLEAR ……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
EXPLAIN HOW GEOGRAPHY CAN INFLUENCE ENERGY SECURITY AND CREATE DISCUSS WHY THERE IS A GROWING DEMAND IN ENERGY.
POLITICAL TENSIONS.
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
DISCUSS THE EFFECTS OF GLOBAL WARMING ON BIODIVERSITY. IDENTIFY STRATEGIES USED TO MITIGATE CLIMATE CHANGE
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… ECOCENTRIC ANTHROPOCENTRIC TECHNOCENTRIC
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… WHICH IS MORE EFFECTIVE? WHY?
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………

DISCUSS WHY THE WORLD’S POPULATION IS STILL GROWING DESPITE
DECLINING BIRTH RATES.
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
USING CHINA AND FRANCE AS EXAMPLES, EXPLAIN HOW THE
GOVERNMENT CAN INFLUENCE POPULATION GROWTH.
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
EXPLAIN HOW THE VALUE OF A RESOURCE CAN CHANGE OVER TIME
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
TOPIC 8: POPULATION AND RESOURCES
EXPLAIN THE MAIN ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS OF OVERPOPULATION
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
EXPLAIN HOW POPULATION MODELS SUCH AS POPULATION PYRAMIDS
OR THE DEMOGRAPHIC TRANSITION MODEL ARE IMPORTANT FOR
PREPARING FOR FUTURE POPULATION PROBLEMS.
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
EVALUATE THE METHODS USED TO DEAL WITH SOLID DOMESTIC WASTE.
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
BIRTH RATES NATURALLY DECLINE WHEN A COUNTRY DEVELOPS. EXPLAIN WHY.
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
1. Calculate the annual growth rate for France.
2. Calculate the natural increase for Japan.
3. Calculate the Doubling Time for the USA.
4. Name a country which is experiencing a population explosion. Justify your answer
with evidence from the table.
5. Which countries are in stage 5 of the DTM?
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
EXPLAIN HOW MALTHUS AND BOSERUP VIEWED CARRYING CAPACITIY
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
EXPLAIN WHY A HUMAN CARRYING CAPACITY IS HARDER TO DETERMINE
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
EXPLAIN WHAT IS AN ECOLOGICAL FOOTPRINT
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
EVALUATE THE USEFULLNESS OF AN ECOLOGICAL FOOTPRINT TO DETERMINE THE
SUSTAINABILITY OF A COUNTRY
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………