Saturday, November 18th 2021

Reported speed (câu trực tiếp => gián tiếp)

Bỏ ngoặc=> xem xét cách chuyển đổi ngôi=> Xem xét về thì => chuyển đổi một số
cụm từ : this- that; now- then, yesterday- the day before; tomorrow- the next day; last
year- the year before; next week- the next week…..

 Câu tường thuật với to V

Các mệnh lệnh gián tiếp khẳng định.

Ex: “Remember to finish your exercise, Tom,” the teacher said.

– The teacher reminded Tom to finish his exercise. ( reminded S.B to do Sth…: nhắc nhở
ai….)

“Open the door, please” he asked the boy.

– He asked the boy to open the door. ( => asked S.B to V: yêu cầu ai đó làm gì…..)

“Can you give me a hand?” the old man said to us.

– She old man offered us to give him a hand. ( offer S.B to do..: de nghi ai đó làm gì..)

“Go on, get up and you’ll feel better”, the nurse encouraged me.

– She nurse encouraged me to get up and I would feel better.( encourage S.B to do: khuyen
khich ai do lam gi)

“Hurry up to catch the train, we don’t have much time left.” he said to us.

– He urged us to hurry up to catch the train as we didn’t have much time left.

( urged S.B to do: thuc giuc ai do lam gi..)

Cau menh lenh => su dung dong tu phu hop=> + TO V

Câu mệnh lệnh gián tiếp phủ định.

Ex: They said, “Don’t talk in the class.”

– They told us not to talk in the class.

“Don’t be late, Trang” the teacher said.

– The teacher told Trang not to be late.

  S told S.B NOT TO V

Mot số cấu trúc đặc biệt khác

a) Câu khuyên

had better + V/ not + Vo : nen

should/ shouldn’t + Vo

ought to + Vo

 advised sb to (not to) V: khuyen ai lam ( khong lam ) gi…..

Ex: “You should study harder,” my mother said.

– My mother advised me to study harder

“You’d better try best to get a good job,” my mother said to me.

– My mother advised me to try best to get a good job.

b) Đề nghị, mời

Ex: He said, ” Would you like to go out for a drink?”

– He invited me to go out for a drink.

“Would you like a cup of tea?”, she said to the boy

– She invited the boy a cup of tea.

“Will/ Shall you come to my birthday party next week?”, Joe said to me.

– Joe invited me to come to his birthday party the next week.

“Tea, please?”, she said to Tom

– She offered Tom some tea

 Cau truc tiep : would you like To V ; Would you like + N; do you want to eat/
drink….?/ Will/ shall you Vo….

 Cau gian tiep : S + invite S.B TO V/ N (moi ai do lam gi….)

S+ offer S.b +To V/N ( de nghi ai do lam gi…)

c) Yêu cầu:

ex: She said, “Can you lend me your book?”

– She asked me to lend her my book.

d) Hứa hẹn:

ex: “I will give you my book”. he said => (he said that he would her his book)

– He promised to give her my book.

Cau truc tiep : will, would +vo

Cau gian tiep : S + promise TO V ( hua lam gi)

Câu tường thuật với gerund (V-ing)

Cảm ơn, xin lỗi:

ex: “It was nice of you to help me. Thank you very much“, Tom said to me

– John thanked me for helping him (thank sb for doing st): cam on ai ve dieu gi

“I’m sorry I’m late,” Peter said

– Peter apologised for being late. (apologise S.b for doing st): xin loi ai vi dieu gi

Chúc mừng: Congratulate sb on doing st

ex: John said, “I heard you received the scholarship. Congratulations!”

– John congratulated me on receiving the scholarship.( congratulate S.B ON doing sth : chuc
mung ai ve dieu gi)

Cương quyết, khăng khăng:

ex: ” I’ll help you with your physics exercises,” Peter said to Susan.

– Peter insisted on helping Susan with her physics exercises

  S insisted ON doing ( khang khang lam gi do…)

Cảnh báo, ngăn cản: warn sb against doing, prevent sb from doing

ex: “Don’t go out alone at night” I said to Linda

– I warn Linda against going out alone at night. (warn sb against doing: canh bao ai lam gi

“Sit here. I can’t let you stand all the time,” Mary said to me

– Mary prevented me from standing all the time. (prevent sb from doing: phong ai do lam
gi)

Thừa nhận hoặc phủ nhận:

ex: “We stole his money”, they said=> they said that they had stolen ……

– They admitted stealing / having stolen his money ( S+ admit +V_ING : thừa nhận lam
gi…)

“I didn’t steal his money”, she said

– She denied stealing / having stolen his money. ( S + denied + V_ING: phủ nhận lam gi do)

Tố cáo, buộc tội (accuse sb of doing sth)

ex: “You took some of my money”, he said.

– He accused me of taking some of his money. ( accuse Sb OF doing: cao buoc ai do lam gi)

Mơ ước:

ex: “I want to pass the exam with flying colours,” John said

– John dreamed of passing the exam with flying colours. (dream of doing sth: mo lam gi do

Đề xuất.

ex: “Let’s go out for a drink”, Susan said

– Susan suggested going out for a drink.

“Shall we go to the cinema tonight?”

– How about going to the cinema…?

> Let’s Vo
> How about / what about + V-ing?
> S suggest + v-ing
> Why don’t you/ we + Vo?

S + suggest (that) S + ( should) +Vo

 I suggest she get up up early

Conditional in reported speech (Câu điều kiện trong lời nói gián tiếp)

Câu điều kiện loại 1 => chuyển sang loại 2.

ex: He said, “If it rains heavily, I will stay at home”

– He said (that) if it rained heavily, he would stay at home.

Câu điều kiện loại 2 và 3: Không đổi động từ

ex: She said, “If I had enough money, I would but a new car.”

– She said (that) if she had enough money, she would….

ex: The teacher said, “If John had studied harder, he wouldn’t have failed his exam”

– The teacher said (that) if John had studied harder, he……

*Note: Khi chuyển 1 câu hỏi từ trực tiếp sang gián tiếp, cần chú ý vị trí của chủ ngữ, động từ
và không còn dấu chấm hỏi.

ex: She asked me, “what would he do if he were a king?”

– She asked me what he would do if he were a king.

She asked me, ‘ How was he doing?”

 She asked me how he had been doing.

Wednesday, November 24, 2021

 ĐẠI TỪ: ONE, ONES, SOMEONE, NO ONE, ANYONE, EVERYONE

One và Ones:

One: thay thế 1 danh từ đếm được số ít (tránh lặp từ)

E.x: this watch doesn’t work any more, I’m going to buy a new one.

Ones: số nhiều.

E.x: these apples are not delicious. I don’t want to buy ones any more.

Someone, anyone, no one,everyone ( coi la so it) + Vs/ es

Someone & everyone: câu khẳng định

Anyone: câu hỏi và phủ định

Sau no one: V khẳng định

E.x: No one eats these apples

Ex: Someone is following me

Everyone has gone home

Can anyone answer this question?

I can’t see anyone here.

* Note: Có thể dùng everyone trong câu hỏi. Khi đó người hỏi muốn đề cập đến tất cả mọi
người.

ex: It’s a little noisy here. Can everyone hear?

”If I were you, I wouldn’t buy this car”

– He advised……………………………………………………
”Shall I carry your suitcase, Lan?”said Nam.
– Nam offered…………………………..
”Yes, all right, I’ll share the food with you, Dave. ”
– Ann agreed…………………..
”Sue, can you remember to buy some bread?”
– Paul reminded………………..
”Don’t touch anything in this room”, the man said to the children.
– The man ordered…………………….
”I must go home to make the dinner”, said Mary.
– Mary……………………………………………….
”Are you going to Ho Chi Minh City next week?”, Tom asked me.
– Tom asked……………………………………….
”Have you finished your homework?”Mom asked.
– Mom asked if…………………………….
She said to me:”I can’t do it by myself”
– She told me that……………………………..
”Does your brother live in London,Nam?”Lan asked.
– Lan wanted to know if……………………………………..
”Don’t repeat this mistake again. ”his father warned him.
– His father warned him………………………………………
”Give me a smile,”The photographer said to me.
– The……………………………………………………………..
”Don’t leave these book on the table” ,the librarian said to the students
– The librarian told the students…………………………………………………………..
”Have you travelled abroad much?”, he asked me.
– He…………………………………………………………….
”Who has written this note?” the boss asked the secretary.
– The boss asked……………………………………………………
”I have just received a postcard from my sister,”my friend said to me.
– My friend told me…………………………………………..
”This story happened long ago”he said.
– He said………………………………………………………………………