REPORTED SPEECH

(DIRECT & INDIRECT SPEECH)

Beberapa hal yang perlu diperhatikan apabila kita mengubah kalimat langsung menjadi kalimat tak
langsung, antara lain sbb:

1. Terjadinya perubahan personal pronoun (kata ganti orang).

Ex. John to Mary: “I will help you.”
John Mary
(he) (her)
John said to Mary that he would help her.
told
2. Perlunya Reporting Verbs (kata kerja pelapor) yaitu: say/said, tell/told, ask/asked, want to know/
wanted to know, inquire/ inquired, wonder/ wondered, order/ordered.

3. Perlunya conjunctions (kata penghubung) dalam IDS.

Statement: that
Questions :
a. Yes/ no Question: if/ whether (apakah)
b. Question-word question: QW itu sendiri ( who, which. Where. When, what, why, how)

4. Apabila Reporting verbs dalam past tense, maka terjadi perubahan tenses (tenses mundur waktunya,
demikian juga terjadi perubahan kata keterangan waktu atau tempat.
a. Perubahan ket. waktu atau tempat antara lain:
Direct Speech Indirect Speech
Now Then
today That day
Tomorrow The next day/ the following day
Yesterday The day before
Last night The night before/ the previous night
Last week The week before/ the previous week
….ago ….before
Next week The following week
Here There
This That
these those

b. Perubahan Tenses (kata kerja) antara lain:

Direct Speech
Simple Present (S+V 1)
Rina told me,” My father works at the
new factory.”
Present continuous (S + is/am/are + V ing)
Katy said to Tom,” My mother is
talking to your mom now.”
Simple past (S + V 2)
Tom told me, “I visited my grandfather
yesterday.”
Yeni told me, “My sister was at home
last night.”
Present Perfect (S + has/have + V 3)
I told him, “I have done all my works.”
Simple Future ( S + will/shall + V o)
My sister told me, “I will go to the
cinema with my boy friend tomorrow.”
Indirect Speech
Simple Past tense (S + V 2)
Rina told me that her father worked
at the new factory.
Past Continuous (S+was/were+ Ving)
Katy said to Tom that her mother
was talking to his mom then.
Past Perfect (S + had + V 3)
Tom told me that he had visited his
grandfather the day before.
Yeni told me that her sister had been
at home the night before.
Past Perfect (S + had + V 3)
I told him that I had done all my
works.
Future in the Past (S+would/should +Vo)
My sister told me that she would go
to the cinema with her boy friend the
next day.

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 The teacher said to the students, “You The teacher said to the students that
must study hard.” they had to study hard.
Etc.

5. Note: Tetapi apabila reporting verbs dalam present tense atau present perfect tense, maka tidak
terjadi perubahan tenses (kata kerja) maupun ket. waktu/ tempat.
Contoh:
The teacher has just said to the students, “You are going to have a test next week.”
The teacher has just said to the students that they are going to have a test next week.

He says, “I can swim well.”

He says that he can swim well.

Questions
a. Yes/ No questions
Questions that need yes/ no answer. It is started by to be/ auxiliaries( is/are/
was/were/do/does/did/has/have/had/shall/will/can/may/must)
Ex.
Dita asked Tom, “Do you go to school by bus?” (DS)
Aux + S + V + Adv? (Question)
Dita asked Tom if/whether he went to school by bus. (IDS)
If/whether + S + V + adv. (Statement)

Direct Speech Indirect Speech

“Did you see my brother at the party last Deny asked me if I had seen his
night?” Deny asked me. brother at the party the night before.
She asked me, “Were your parents at home She asked me if my parents had
last night?” been at home the night before.
He wanted to know, “Can you help me?” He wanted to know if I could help
him.
I asked them, “Have you submitted your tasks I asked them if they had submitted
to the teacher?” their tasks to the teacher.
“Do you have any jobs here?” She asked him. She asked him if he had some jobs
there.
‘Can you tell me where the post office is?” The foreigner asked me if I could
The foreigner asked me. tell him/ her where the post office
was.
‘Do you know how old the boy is?” The man The man asked the girl if she knew
asked the girl. how old the boy was.

b. Question Word Question (diawali dgn QW: who, what, when, where, why, which, how)
EX:
He asked the boy, “Where do you live?” (DS)
QW + aux + S + V ?
He asked the boy where he lived. (IDS)
QW + S + V

Direct Speech Indirect Speech

The lady asked me, “How old are you?”
Deny asked Dita, “Why do you look so
sad?”
I asked my sister, “Which T-shirt do you
like best?”
Susi asked Tom, “Who is the girl sitting
beside you?’
The man asked the girl, “What time did
your father come home last night?”
The lady asked me how old I was.
Deny asked Dita why she looked so sad.
I asked my sister which T-shirt she liked
best.
Susi asked Tom who the girl was sitting
beside him.
The man asked the girl what time her
father had come home the previous
night.
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 Commands
(Imperative)
Commands:
The host said to the guess, “Sit down, please.”
The host said to the guess to sit down.

Your mother asked you, “Be careful on the way!”

Your mother asked you to be careful on the way.

Mother told him, “Don’t play near the street.”

Mother told him not to play near the street.

“Will you come to my house tonight?” She asked me.

She asked me to come to her house the following night.

Dany asked me, “Will you come to my birthday party tonight?”

Dany asked me to come to his birthday party the following night.

Exercises:
1. Gege asked her, “Have you done your English homework?”
________________________________________________
2. I told him, “Submit your assignment on time!”
__________________________________________________
3. The teacher said to me, “Your father has to come to school soon.”
_______________________________________________________
4. Hana asked me, “Did you meet my brother at the party last night?”
____________________________________________________
5. Farah says, “I am so tired today.”
_________________________________
6. Mother asked my brother, “Can you tell me where I have put my purse?”
_____________________________________________________
7. She wanted to know, “Why do you always come late?”
__________________________________________________
8. Keke has asked me, “Did you come to Mira’s birthday party last night?”
________________________________________________________
9. Nana told her sister, “Don’t take my magazines at my room without my permission!”
________________________________________________
10. Jojo asked Tony, “Where did you buy your new jacket?”
___________________________________________________
11. I asked Lala, “Do you know where the new student lives?”
__________________________________________________
12. The man asked me, “Where can I get information about Tourism in Solo?”
_______________________________________________________
13. My brother asked me, “Who is the boy chatting with you this week?”
________________________________________________________
14. Miss Anna asked the students “Are you ready to have a test today?”
_____________________________________________________
15. Riko told me, “My brother borrowed me his new camera yesterday.”
_______________________________________________________

Change these Indirect Speeches into Direct Speeches!

1. Mother asked me if I knew where my brother was going.
__________________________________________________
2. The man said to her that he had come to her father’s party the week before.
_______________________________________________________
3. The teacher asked the students where they would spend their holiday the following month.
_______________________________________________________________
4. The lady invited me to accompany her to go to the movie tonight.
_______________________________________________________________
5. She told me that she had seen the film twice.
___________________________________________
6. The boy says that he wants to study abroad.

__________________________________________
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7. Susi asked Boby whether he had finished doing his homework.
_________________________________________________
8. Rumana asked Roby how he could know her phone number.
_________________________________________________
9. Miss Nana advised him to study harder.
_________________________________________________
10. The lady asked the girl where she had bought her new bag.
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