AP Calculus BC Practice Exam

CALCULUS BC
SECTION I, Part A
Time—55 minutes
Number of questions—27
A CALCULATOR MAY NOT BE USED ON THIS PART OF THE
EXAMINATION.
Directions: Solve each of the following problems. After examining the
choices, select the choice that best answers the question. No credit will
be given for anything written in the test book.
In this test: Unless otherwise specified, the domain of a function f is as-
sumed to be the set of all real numbers x for which f(x) is a real number.
2 AP CALCULUS BC PRACTICE EXAM AP CALCULUS BC PRACTICE EXAM 3

2. Let f be a function defined and continuous on the closed interval

6a, b@ . If f has a relative minimum at x = c and a 1 c 1 b , which of
the following statements must be true?

I. f m ^ c h = 0 .

II. f l ^ c h 1 0 .

III. f is not differentiable at x = c .

A. I only
B. II only
1. The graph of y = f ^ x h is shown above. Which of the following could C. III only
be the graph of y = f l ^ x h ? D. All of these
E. None of these

A. D.

B. E.

3. Shown above is the slope field for which of the following differen-
tial equations?
dy
A. dx = x 2 y
dy
B. dx = xy 2
C. dy
C. dx = xy + xy 2
dy
D. dx = x 2 y + xy
dy
E. dx = x 2 y + xy 2
4 AP CALCULUS BC PRACTICE EXAM AP CALCULUS BC PRACTICE EXAM 5

4. # 1
dx = 8. If f is the function defined by f ^ x h = 2x 6 - 9x 4 , what are all the x-
2
x - 7x - 18
coordinates of relative extrema of the graph of f ?
A. ln ^ x 2 - 7x - 18 h
A. 0
B. ln ^ x - 9 h + ln ^ x + 2h B. 3
C. ln ^ x - 9 h - ln ^ x + 2h C. - 3

6ln ^ x - 9 h - ln ^ x + 2h@
1 D. All of these
D. 11
E. None of these
9 6ln ^ x - 9 h - ln ^ x + 2 h@
E. 2
9. If f is twice differentiable and if g ^ x h = f ^ f ^ x hh , then gm ^ x h =
5. #x A. f l ^ f ^ x hh f l ^ x h
2
sin xdx =

A. - x 2 cos x + 2x sin x + 2 cos x + C B. f l ^ f ^ x hh f m ^ x h

B. - x 2 cos x + 2x sin x - 2 cos x + C C. 6 f l ^ x h@2 f m ^ f ^ x hh
C. - x 2 cos x + 2x sin x + 2x cos x + C D. f l ^ f ^ x hh f l ^ x h + f ^ x h f m ^ f ^ x hh
D. x 2 cos x - 2x sin x + 2x cos x + C E. f l ^ f ^ x hh f m ^ x h + 6 f l ^ x h@2 f m ^ f ^ x hh
E. x 2 cos x + 2x sin x + 2x cos x + C
is a Taylor series that converges to f ^ x h for all real x,
3
10. If /a x n
n

6. A particle moves on a plane curve so that at any time t 2 0 its x-

n=0

then f m ^2 h
coordinate is t 2 - t 3 and its y-coordinate is ^2 - 3t h2 . The accelera-
3

tion vector of the particle at t = 2 is A. / na 2 n

n-1

n=1

A. - 8, 24 / ^n - 1ha 2
3
B. n
n-2

B. - 10, 18 n=1

/ n^n - 1ha 2
3

C. - 4, 16 C. n
n-2

n=2

D. 0, - 12 D.
3
/ na 2 n-1
n

E. 2,18 n=0
3
E. / na 2 n
n-2

n=2
dy
7. If dx = cos x sin 2 x and if y = 0 when x = 0 , what is the value of y
when x = r 2?
A. 1
B. 31
C. 0
D. - 31
E. - 1
6 AP CALCULUS BC PRACTICE EXAM AP CALCULUS BC PRACTICE EXAM 7

k
14. The population P ^ t h of a species satisfies the logistic differential
11. If lim # dx
is finite, then which of the following must be true?
dt = P 500 - 4 , where the initial population P ^ 0 h = 100
a
xp Pk
equation dP
k"3
1

P^ t h?
3
I. / x1 -p converges and t is the time in years. What is lim
t"3
n=1

3 A. 19
II. / x1 p diverges
B. 500
n=1

3 C. 1900
III. / 1p converges
D. 2000
2

n=1 x

E. 38000
A. I only
B. II only 15. What are all values of x for which the function defined by
C. III only f ^ x h = 3x 2 - 4x is decreasing?
D. I and III
E. II and III A. x 1- 2
3

12. In the xy-plane, the graph of the parametric equations x = t + 3 and B. x 2- 2

3
y = ^ t - 2 h2 , for - 4 # t # 4 is a parabola with y-intercept C. - 2 2
3 1x1 3
A. 25
D. x 1 2
3
B. 16
C. 4 E. x 2 2
3
D. –5
E. –2 16. When x = 3 , the rate at which 1x is decreasing is k times the rate at
3 which x is increasing. What is the value of k?
13. # x 3 e 2x dx is
4

0 A. 9
A. 0 B. 3
B. e 2

C. 91
C. 81
D. - 91
D. 8e
E. - 3
E. divergent
8 AP CALCULUS BC PRACTICE EXAM AP CALCULUS BC PRACTICE EXAM 9

17. Which of the following series converge? dy

20. If ln y + cos x = 0 , then in terms of x, dx =
3
I. / nn +
+1
3 A. 1x + sin x
n=1

/ sin ^nnrh B. 1x - sin x

3
II.
n=1
C. e - cosx
3
III. / n +
2
1 D. e - cosx sin x
n=1
E. e sinx
A. I only
B. II only 21. The coefficient of x 4 in the Taylor series expansion about x = 0 for
f ^ x h = e 3x is
2

C. III only
D. I and II 1
A. 24
E. II and III
9
2 B. 4
18. For what value of k will xx --k
1 have a relative minimum at x = 3 ? 9
C. 2
A. k =- 3
B. k =- 1 9
D. 24
C. k = 0 81
E. 24
D. k = 1
E. k = 3 22. If f is continuous on the closed interval 6a, b@ , then there exists c
such that a 1 c 1 b and f l ^ c h =
19. If h ^ x h = f ^ x h g ^ x h^1 + g ^ x hh and g ^1 h = 0 , then hl ^ 1 h =
A. f l ^a h
A. f l ^1 h + gl ^1 h
B. f l ^b h
B. f l ^1 h + gl ^1 h f ^1 h
C. f ^1 h gl ^1 h
C. 0
f l ^bh - f l ^ah
D. f l ^1 h gl ^1 h + f ^1 h D. b-a
E. f l ^1 h gl ^1 h + f l ^1 h f^bh - f^ah
E. b-a
10 AP CALCULUS BC PRACTICE EXAM AP CALCULUS BC PRACTICE EXAM 11

23. If f ^ x h = / a 1 - 1x k , then f ^2h =

3 r
n 2

n=1
27. Which of the following is not equal to # cos xdx ?
0
A. 0 r
2

B. 21 A. # sin xdx
0

C. 1 r

D. 2 B. # sin xdx
r
2

E. 3
r

ex - 1 =
C. # cos xdx
24. lim r
2
x"0 sin x
3r

A. –1
2

D. # sin 2xdx
B. 0 0

C. 1 r
3

D. e E. 21 # x
cos 2 dx
-r 3

E. nonexistent

25. If y = arcsin ^e x h , then dx =

dy dy
2
28. If dx = cos x , then the average rate of change of y with respect to x

1 on the closed interval 60, r@ is

A. 2
1 - e 2x
2x A. 0
B. 2
1 - e 2x 1
x 2 B. - r
C. 2xe 2x 2
1-e 1
2
C. r
x
D. 2xe x 2
1-e D. r
2
x
E. 2xe x
1+e
2
E. - r

26. #x 2
sec x tan xdx =

A. x 2 sec x - 2 sec x
B. x 2 sec x - 2x sec x
C. x 2 sec x - 2 # sec xdx
D. x 2 sec x - # x sec xdx
E. x 2 sec x - 2 # x sec xdx
12 AP CALCULUS BC PRACTICE EXAM AP CALCULUS BC PRACTICE EXAM 13

SECTION I, Part B 31. The length of the curve determined by the equations x = t - 1 and
Time—50 Minutes y= t from t = 0 to t = 4 is
Number of Questions—17 A. 7.555
A GRAPHING CALCULATOR IS REQUIRED FOR SOME QUES- B. 8.161
TIONS ON THIS PART OF THE EXAMINATION C. 10.387
Directions: Solve each of the following problems. After examining the D. 10.736
choices, select the best answer. No credit will be given for anything writ- E. 13.140
ten in the test book.
In this test: 32. What is the volume of the solid generated by rotating about
1. The exact numerical value of the correct answer does not always ap- the x-axis the region in the first quadrant enclosed by the curve
pear among the answer choices given. When this happens, select the y = 1 - sin x and the x- and y-axes?
answer that best approximates the exact numerical value. A. 0.342
2. Unless otherwise specified, the domain of a function f is assumed to be B. 0.712
the set of all real numbers x for which f(x) is a real number. C. 1.119
2x - x 2 D. 1.571
29. Let f ^ x h = # e 1-t
dt . At what value of x does f ^ x h have a relative E. 4.712
1

minimum?
33. The x-coordinate of the point on the curve 2x 2 - y = 1 closest to the
A. x =- 1 point ^- 2, 0 h is
B. x = 0
A. –  0.824
C. x = 1
B. –  0.707
D. x = 2
C. –  0.25
E. No value of x
D. 0
30. The length of the path described by the parametric equations E. 0.354
x = t + 1 and y = 3t - 1 , when 0 # t # 2 , is
34. The area of the region inside the polar curve r = 2 + 2 sin i and out-
A. 3.771 side the polar curve r = 2 is given by
B. 3.986
A. 3.142
C. 4.799
B. 5.571
D. 6.070
C. 6.283
E. 7.426
D. 11.142
E. 22.283
14 AP CALCULUS BC PRACTICE EXAM AP CALCULUS BC PRACTICE EXAM 15

x
38. The region bounded by the x-axis and the graph of y = sin x is di-
#e -t 2
dt
vided by the vertical line x = k . If the area of the region 0 # x # k is
35. lim 2
x - 2 is three times the area of the region k # x # r , k =
x"2

A. 14
e A. r
6
B. 12
e B. r
3
4
C. - e4
C. 2r
3
D. - 1 4
4e D. 2 + r
E. nonexistent
E. 56r

36. What is the approximation of the value of e 2 using the fourth-

39. If a particle moves in the xy-plane so that at time t 2 0 its position
vector is ^sin t, cos 2t h , then at time t = 1 , its acceleration vector is
degree Taylor polynomial about x = 0 for e x ?

A. 31 A. ^0.540, 0.909 h
B. ^ 0.540, - 1.819h
B. 4
3 C. ^- 0.841, 0.832 h
C. 7 D. ^- 0.841, 1.665 h
D. 11 E. ^0.8414, - 0.416 h

E. 31 ^ x - 2h2 for x # 3
40. If f ^ x h = * 1 f ^ x h dx =
5

1 for x 2 3
then #
1 + 1 - x2 x-2
#
2
37. dx =
-1
1 - x2 A. 9
A. 0 B. 8.667
C. 1.432
B. 2
D. 1.099
C. r
E. 0.333
D. 2 + r
41. The slope of the line normal to the curve x 2 y - xy 2 = 2x at ^3, 1 h is
E. 2 + r
2
A. –0.6
B. –1
C. 1
D. 3
E. 4.5
16 AP CALCULUS BC PRACTICE EXAM AP CALCULUS BC PRACTICE EXAM 17

42. Consider the curve in the xy-plane represented by x = t 2 - 3t + 1 44. What is the radius of the cone with maximum volume if the sum of
and y = t 2 - 3 for t $ 0 . The slope of the tangent to the curve at the circumference and the height is 12 inches?
x = 5 is A. 0.785
A. 0.7 B. 1.273
B. 1.6 C. 2.546
C. 5 D. 4
D. 7 E. 8

/ ^ x2- 2h
E. 8 3 n

45. The interval of convergence of n+1 is

n=0

A. 0 1 x 1 4
B. 0 # x # 4
C. 0 1 x # 4
D. 0 # x 1 4
E. All real x

43. A 20-foot ladder rests against a vertical wall, as shown in the figure
above. If the ladder is sliding down the wall, how far is the foot of
the ladder from the base of the wall at the moment when the top
of the ladder is sliding down twice as fast as the foot of the ladder is
moving away?
A. 4.472
B. 6.667
C. 8.944
D. 11.547
E. 14.142
18 AP CALCULUS BC PRACTICE EXAM AP CALCULUS BC PRACTICE EXAM 19

SECTION II SECTION II, PART A

GENERAL INSTRUCTIONS
You may wish to look over the problems before you begin, since you
may not complete all parts of all problems. All problems are given equal
weight, but the parts of a particular problem are not necessarily given
equal weight.
A GRAPHING CALCULATOR IS REQUIRED FOR SOME PROB-
LEMS OR PARTS OF PROBLEMS ON THIS SECTION OF THE
EXAMINATION.
• You should write all work for each part of each problem in the
space provided for that part in the booklet. Be sure to write clearly
and legibly. If you make an error, you may save time by crossing it
out rather than trying to erase it. Erased or crossed-out work will
not be graded.
Time—30 minutes
Number of problems—2
A GRAPHING CALCULATOR IS REQUIRED FOR SOME PROB-
LEMS OR PARTS OF PROBLEMS.
During the timed portion for Part A, you may work only on the prob-
lems in Part A.
On Part A, you may use your calculator to solve an equation, find the
derivative of a function, or calculate the value of a definite integral.
However, you must clearly indicate the setup of your problem. If you
use other built-in features, you must show the steps necessary to pro-
duce your results.

• Show all your work. You will be graded on the correctness and
completeness of your methods as well as your answers. Correct
answers without supporting work may not receive credit.

• You may use your calculator to solve an equation, find the derivative
of a function at a point, or calculate the value of a definite integral.
However, you must clearly indicate the setup of your problem,
namely the equation, function, or integral you are using. If you
use other built-in features or programs, you must show the 1. Let R be the region bounded by the graphs of y = cos a r2x k and
mathematical steps. y = x 2 - 1 , as shown in the figure above.

• Unless otherwise specified, answers (numeric or algebraic) do not need

a.
to be simplified. If your answer is given as a decimal approximation, it
should correct to three places after the decimal point.
b.
• Unless otherwise specified, the domain of a function f is assumed to
be the set of all real numbers x for which f  (x) is a real number.
c.
Find the area of R.
The line y = k splits the region R into two equal parts. Find the
value of k .
The region R is the base of a solid. For this solid, each cross sec-
tion perpendicular to the x-axis is a semicircle. Find the volume
of this solid.
20 AP CALCULUS BC PRACTICE EXAM AP CALCULUS BC PRACTICE EXAM 21

d. The region R models a lake. The depth of the lake at any point ^ x, y h PART B
is described by the function h ^ x h = 10 - x 2 . Write, but do not evalu- Time—60 minutes
ate, an expression involving an integral that can be used to find the Number of problems—4
volume of water in the lake. NO CALCULATOR IS ALLOWED FOR THESE PROBLEMS.
During the timed portion for Part B, you may continue to work on the
Consider the logistic differential equation dt = 4 ^12 - y h . Let
dy y
2. problems in Part A without the use of any calculator.
y = f ^ t h be the particular solution to the differential equation
Time 9 10:30 12 1:30 3 4:30 6 7:30 9
with f ^0 h = 6 . a.m. a.m. noon p.m. p.m. p.m. p.m. p.m. p.m.
t 0 1.5 3 4.5 6 7.5 9 10.5 12
a. A slope field for this differential equation is given below. Sketch P^ t h 200 728 1193 1329 1583 1291 804 256 0
possible solution curves through the points ^0, 6 h and ^- 3, - 6 h .
3. A free health care clinic was open to the public for 12 hours, begin-
ning at 9 a.m. ( t = 0 ) and ending at 9 p.m. The number of people
signing in to be seen for care at time 0 # t # 12 is modeled by a
twice-differentiable function P. Values of P ^ t h at various times t are
shown in the table above.

a. Use the data in the table to estimate the rate at which the number of
people seeking care was changing at 5 p.m. ( t = 8 ). Show the com-
putation that leads to your answer and indicate units of measure.

b. Use a midpoint Riemann sum with four intervals of equal size

b. Use Euler’s method, starting at t = 0 with two steps of equal size, to to estimate the total number of people seeking care during the
approximate f ^1 h . 12-hour period.

c. Write the third-degree Taylor polynomial for f about t = 0 , and c. If planners estimated that the rate, in people per hour, at
use it to approximate f ^1 h . which people could receive care was modeled by the function
r ^t + 3h
r ^ t h = 400r sin c m for 0 # t # 12 , how many people could
Find the particular solution y = f ^ t h with f ^0 h = 6 .
15
d.
receive care in the period from 11 a.m. ( t = 2 ) to 9 p.m. ( t = 12 )?

d. At what time during the period 0 # t # 12 was the rate at which peo-
ple were seen for care greatest? Estimate the number of people per
hour that could be seen for care at the maximum rate. Was it higher
or lower than the number of people signing in for care at that hour?
22 AP CALCULUS BC PRACTICE EXAM AP CALCULUS BC PRACTICE EXAM 23

4. An object moving along a curve in the xy-plane is at position SOLUTIONS: AP Calculus BC Practice Test
^ x ^ t h, y ^ t hh at time t, where dt = 6 cos a 4 k and dt = 12 sin a 4 k for
dx rt dy rt

t $ 0 . At time t = 1 , object is at position ^ 1, - 1 h . Multiple Choice

a. Write an equation for the line tangent to the curve at time t = 1 .
b. Find the acceleration vector and the speed of the object at time t = 1 .
c. Write an integral expression that can be used to find the total dis-
tance traveled by the object over the time interval 0 # t # 2 .
d. Is there a time t 2 1 at which the object is on the x-axis? Explain
your reasoning.
5. The twice-differentiable function f is defined for all real numbers
and satisfies the conditions f ^1 h = 1 , f l ^1 h =- 1 , and f m ^1 h = 0 .
Section 1 Part A
1. C. The graph of y = f ^ x h has two relative minima at x = b and x = f
and one relative maximum at x = d . The graph of y = f l ^ x h should have
zeros at the corresponding x-values, which eliminates B, D, and E.
y = f l ^ x h should change from negative to positive at each of the relative
minima, and from positive to negative at the relative maximum, which
eliminates A.
If f has a relative minimum at c, then f l ^ c h = 0 and f m ^ c h 2 0 .
2. E.
None of the statements are true.
dy
3. E. dx = x 2 y would have all non-negative slopes above the x-axis
dy
and that is not the case. dx = xy 2 would have all non-negative slopes to

the right of the y-axis, also not the case. dx = xy + xy 2 = x ^ y + y 2 h should

dy
a. The function g is given by g ^ x h = f ^ x h ln ^ x h . Find gl ^1 h , and gm ^1 h .
Show the work that leads to your answers. have negative slopes throughout the second quadrant, since x is negative

and y + y 2 is positive. dx = x 2 y + xy = y ^ x 2 + x h should be negative in the

dy
b. The function h is given by h ^ x h = f ^ x h sin ^rx h . Find hl ^ x h and write dy
fourth quadrant. Neither of these is true. dx = x 2 y + xy 2 is the only re-
an equation for the line tangent to the graph of h at x = 1 .
maining possibility.
6. The derivative of a function f is given by f l ^ x h = ^2x - 1 h e 2x - 1 and 4. D. Use partial fraction decomposition. # dx
=
f^1h = 3 .
x 2 - 7x - 18
# ^ x - 9dx
h^ x + 2h
= #
Adx
x-9 + #Bdx
x + 2 . Since Ax + 2A + Bx - 9B = 1 ,
a. The function has a single critical point. Find this point. Is this a rela- 1 1
A =- B and 2A - 9B = 1 . Solve to find A = 11 and B =- 11 , and then
tive maximum, a relative minimum, or neither?
- 9 - 11 # x + 2 = 11 6ln ^ x - 9 h - ln ^ x + 2 h@ .
# x dx
1 1 dx 1
integrate. 11

b. On what intervals, if any, is the function decreasing and concave

up? Explain your reasoning.

c. Find the value of f ^5h .

24 AP CALCULUS BC PRACTICE EXAM AP CALCULUS BC PRACTICE EXAM 25

5. A. Use integration by parts with u = x 2 , du = 2xdx , dv = sin xdx , and k 3

p is finite, then /
#
dx 1
11. C. If lim x x p converges, which implies that

#x # 2x cos xdx . This requires that you use

k"3
v =- cos x . 2 n = 1
sin xdx =- x 2 cos x + 1
3
p 2 1 . - p 1 - 1 so / -p diverges. p 2 2 1 and p 2 1 so the two re-
1
parts again, this time with u = 2x , du = 2dx , dv = cos xdx , and v = sin x . n=1 x

maining series converge.

Then #x 2
sin xdx =- x 2 cos x + 2x cos xdx =- x 2 cos x + 2x sin x - 2 # sin xdx
12. A. Solve x = t + 3 to get t = x - 3 and substitute into y = ^t - 2 h2 to
=- x 2 cos x + 2x sin x + 2 cos x + C .
get y = ^ x - 5 h2 = x 2 - 10x + 25 . The parabola has a y-intercept of 25.
6. B. If the position vector is t - t , ^2 - 3t h , the velocity vector is
2 3 2

2t - 3t , - 6 ^ 2 - 3t h , and the acceleration vector is 2 - 6t, 18 . At t = 2 ,

3 k k
2
13. E. # 4
x 3 e 2x dx = lim
k"3
#xe 3 2x 4
dx . If u = 2x 4 and du = 8x 3 dx , lim
k"3
#xe 3 2x 4
dx
the acceleration vector is - 10, 18 . 0 0 0

9 e C - lim
1 2x k
9 e 2k - C = lim
1 1 1 6 2k @
8 k " 3 e - 1 which goes to positive in-
4 4 4
= lim
k"3 8 k"3 8 8
dy 0
7. B. If dx = cos x sin 2 x , make a substitution with u = sin x and
finity. The improper integral diverges.
sin 3 x
du = cos x , and integrate to get y = 3 + C . If y = 0 when x = 0 ,
a
Pk a
P k
14. D. dP 2000
dt = P 500 - 4 = 500P 1 - 2000 integrates to P = 1 + Ce -500t .
C = 0 and y = 3 . Substitute x = 2 to get y = 3 sin 3 2 = 3 ^1 h3 = 3 .
sin 3 x r 1 r 1 1
(If you don’t recall this, separate the variables and integrate using a
8. D. If f is the function defined by f ^ x h = 2x 6 - 9x 4 , then the first
partial fraction decomposition.) Use the initial condition to find that
derivative f l ^ x h = 12x 5 - 36x 3 = 0 when 12x 3 ^ x 2 - 3 h = 0 . Solving gives
2000
you x = 0 and x = ! 3 . Check the sign of the first derivative for change 100 = 1 + C , so 100 + 100C = 2000 , 100C = 1900 and C = 19 . The equa-
of sign. tion for the population at time t is P ^ t h = 2000-500t and lim P ^ t h = 2000 .
1 + 19e t"3

x 1- 3 - 3 - 3 1 x 1 0 0 01x1 3 3 x2 3 15. C. The function is decreasing when the first derivative is nega-
f l ^ xh – 0 + 0 – 0 + tive. If f ^ x h = 3x 3 - 4x , then f l ^ x h = 9x 2 - 4 . First find the zeros of the
9. E. If f is twice differentiable and if g ^ x h = f ^ f ^ x hh , then derivative. If 9x 2 - 4 = 0 , x = ! 2 3 . Check the sign of the derivative to
gl ^ x h = f l ^ f ^ x hh f l ^ x h and gm ^ x h = f l ^ f ^ x hh f m ^ x h + f l ^ x h f m ^ f ^ x hh f l ^ x h = determine where it is negative. f l ^- 1 h = 9 - 4 2 0 , f l ^0 h =- 4 1 0
f l ^ f ^ x hh f m ^ x h + 6 f l ^ x h@2 f m ^ f ^ x hh .
and f l ^1 h = 9 - 4 2 0 , so the function is decreasing on the interval
is a Taylor series that converges to f ^ x h for all real
3
10. C. If /a x n
n 2 2
-3 1x1 3.
n=0

x, then f l ^ x h = a 1 + 2a 2 x + 3a 3 x 2 + 4a 4 x 3 + 5a 5 x 4 + f = / na n x n - 1
3
d a1k dx 2 dx dx
n=1
16. D. Given that dt x = k dt , differentiate to get - x dt = k dt and
and f m ^ x h = 2a 2 + 6a 3 x + 12a 4 x 2 + 20a 5 x 3 + f = / n^n - 1ha x
3
n-2
. substitute x = 3 , to get - 91 dx dx 1
dt = k dt . Solve to find k =- 9 .
n
n=2

f m ^2h = / n^n - 1ha 2

3

n
n-2
.
n=2
26 AP CALCULUS BC PRACTICE EXAM AP CALCULUS BC PRACTICE EXAM 27

3
a1 -
2 k 22. E. If f is continuous on the closed interval 6a, b@ , then the Mean
17. B. Check each series. For / nn +
+1
3, lim
n+1
n"3 n + 3
= lim
n"3 n+3 = 1
n=1
Value Theorem guarantees that there exists c such that a 1 c 1 b and
f ^bh - f^ah
n 2 + 5n + 6
and nn + 2 n+3
2 1 , so the series diverges. For
f l ^ch =
$
+4 n+1 =
n 2 + 5n + 4
b - a . While the other values might be possible, none
/ sin ^nnrh , sin ^nrh = 0 for all n, so the series converges. The final series,
3
is certain.

23. C. If f ^ x h = / a 1 - 1x k , then f ^ 2h = / a 21 k = 1 .
n=1 3 n 3 n
3 3 3
/ n +2 1 = 2 / n +1 1 = 2 / n1 is a multiple of a harmonic series. The har- n=1 n=1
n=1 n=1 n=2
x x
3 e -1 e
monic series diverges, therefore, / n +2
1 diverges.
24. C. lim
x " 0 sin x
= lim
x " 0 cos x
= 1.
n=1

25. C. If y = arcsin ^e x h , then dx = $ ^ 2xe x h =

2
18. A. y = xx - -k 2
dy 1 2xe x
1 will have a relative minimum at x = 3 if the derivative .
2 2

1 - ^e x h
2 2 2

^ x - 1 h^2x h - ^ x 2 - k h^1 h x 2 - 2x + k
1 - e 2x

^ x - 1 h2 ^ x - 1 h2
yl = = is equal to zero at x = 3 , and
26. E. Use integration by parts, with u = x 2 , du = 2xdx , dv = sec x tan xdx ,
changes from negative to positive. Substitute x = 3 into the derivative
and v = sec x . Then #x 2
sec x tan xdx = x 2 sec x - 2 # x sec xdx .
and solve 3 - 2 ^ 3 h + k = 0 to get k =- 3 . Check for the proper change
2
r
2

of sign, being careful to avoid the discontinuity at x = 1 . If k =- 3 ,

27. C. The first few choices can be estimated geometrically. # sin xdx
0

so yl ^2 h = 4 - 42 - 3 =- 3 and yl ^4 h = 16 - 82 - 3 = 5
r

yl =
x 2 - 2x - 3
^ x - 1 h2 1 3 9.
and # sin xdx will be equal to each other, and to the given integral,
r
2

19. C. If h ^ x h = f ^ x h g ^ x h^1 + g ^ x hh = f ^ x h g ^ x h + f ^ x h6g ^ x h@ , then

r
2
but # cos xdx will be the negative of the given integral. Integrate

hl ^ x h = f ^ x h gl ^ x h + g ^ x h f l ^ x h + f ^ x h $ 2g ^ x h gl ^ x h + f l ^ x h6g ^ x h@2 and when

r
2
3r
2

# 1 3r
to check the remaining options. sin 2xdx =- 2 cos 2x 2 = 1 and
x = 1 , hl ^ 1 h = f l ^ 1 h6g ^ 1 h + 6g ^ 1 h@ @ + gl ^ 1 h6 f ^ 1 h + 2f ^ 1 h g ^ 1 h@ . Substituting
0
2 0
r
3 r

g ^ 1 h = 0 , hl ^ 1 h = f l ^ 1 h60 + 0@ + gl ^ 1 h6 f ^ 1 h + 2f ^ 1 h $ 0@ = f ^ 1 h gl ^ 1 h .
1
2 # x 1 x
cos 2 dx = 2 $ 2 sin 2 3

-
r
= 1.
-r 3 3

dy dy
20. D. If ln y + cos x = 0 , then y = e - cosx and dx = e - cosx sin x . 28. A. If dx = cos x , then the average rate of change of y with respect to x on

21. C. f ^ x h = e 3x Start with e x = 1 + x + x2 + x6 + f + nx! + f the closed interval 60, r@ is r - 0 # cos xdx = r 6- sin x@0 = r ^0 + 0 h = 0 .
2 3 n r
2
1 1 r 1

^ 3x 2 h2 ^ 3x 2 h3 ^ 3x 2 hn
0
2
e 3x = 1 + 3x 2 + 2 + 6 + f n! + f
9x 4 27x 6 3 n x 2n 9
= 1 + 3x 2 + 2 + 6 + f + n! + f The coefficient of x 4 is 2 .
28 AP CALCULUS BC PRACTICE EXAM AP CALCULUS BC PRACTICE EXAM 29

Section I, Part B 34. D. Find the points of intersection by solving 2 + 2 sin i = 2 and
29. E. Find f l ^ x h = e 1 - 2x + x ^2 - 2x h , and consider when the derivative # 6^2 + 2 sin ih - 2 @di =
r
2
1
i = 0 or i = r . The area of the region is A = 2 2 2

is equal to zero. e 1 - 2x + x 2
^2 - 2x h = 0 only at x = 1 , since e 1 - 2x + x 2
2 0 for 0

# 68 sin i + 4 sin i@di = # 64 sin i + 2 sin i@di = # 64 sin i + 1 - cos 2i@di

r r r
1 2 2
all x. Check to see if this critical number is in fact a minimum. When 2
0 0 0
x 1 1 , the derivative is positive, and negative when x 2 1 , so the critical
=- 4 cos i + i - 2 sin 2i 0 = ^ 4 + r h - ^ - 4 h = 8 + r . 11.142 .
1 r

point is a relative maximum, not a minimum. Therefore the function

x

has no relative minimum. dt #e -t 2

2
e -x 1
35. A. lim 2
x-2 = lim 1 = e4
30. D. The length of the path described by the parametric equations x"2 x"2

^t + 1 h2 + ^ 3t - 1 h2 dt
2

x = t + 1 and y = 3t - 1 , when 0 # t # 2 , is given by # 36. C. The approximate value of e 2 using the fourth-degree Taylor
2 3
x4
2 2
0
polynomial about x = 0 for e x is e x . 1 + x + x2 + x6 + 24 evaluated at
= # t 2 + 2t + 1 + 9t 2 - 6t + 1 dt = # 10t 2 - 4t + 2 dt . 6.070 . 4 8 16
x = 2 , or e 2 . 1 + 2 + 2 + 6 + 24 . 7 .
0 0

1 1
31. A. The length of the curve determined by the equations x = t - 1 and dx = # c 1 + 2 m
1 + 1 - x2
37. D.
1
#
- x 2
1
1
- x
dx = x + sin -1 x
1
-1
=
^t - 1h + t dt =
4 4

y= t from t = 0 to t = 4 is # 2 2
# t - t + 1 dt . 7.555 .
2 -1 -1

a1 + k - a- 1 - k = 2 + r
r r
0 0
2 2
32. C. The volume of the solid generated by rotating about the x-axis
sin xdx means that - cos x 0 = 3 6- cos x k @ . Evalu-
k r

the region in the first quadrant enclosed by the curve y = 1 - sin x and
38. E. # sin xdx = 3 # k r

0 0

ate and solve - cos k + 1 = 3 61 + cos k@ to find that cos k =- 21 so k = 5r

r

^1 - sin x h2 dx . 0.356r . 1.119 . 6 .

2

the x- and y-axes is r #

39. D. If the position vector is ^sin t, cos 2t h , then the velocity vector
0

33. A. Each point on the curve 2x 2 - y = 1 is of the form ^ x, 2x 2 - 1h . Con-

is ^cos t, - 2 sin 2t h , and the acceleration vector is ^- sin t, - 4 cos 2t h . At
sider the distance from ^ x, 2x 2 - 1h to ^- 2, 0 h . d = ^ x + 2 h2 + ^2x 2 - 1 h2
time t = 1 , its acceleration vector is ^- sin 1, - 4 cos 2 h = ^- 0.8414, 1.665 h .
= x 2 + 4x + 4 + 4x 4 - 4x 2 + 1 = 4x 4 - 3x 2 + 4x + 5 . To find the
f ^ x h dx = ^ x - 2h2 dx + ^ x 2 - 4x + 4 h dx +
5 3 5 3 5

minimum distance, take the derivative. d l = 16x - 6x + 4 3

=
40. C. # # # dx
x-2 = # # dx
x-2
2 4x 4 - 3x 2 + 4x + 5 2 2 3 2 3

= 3 - 2x 2 + 4x 2 + ln ^ x - 2 h 3 = ^ 9 - 18 + 12 h - a 3 - 8 + 8 k + ln 3 - ln 1 =
3
8x - 3x + 2 x3 3 5 8
. Set the derivative equal to zero and solve by cal-
4x 4 - 3x 2 + 4x + 5
8 1
culator. x .- 0.824 . Check the change of sign of the derivative to verify 3 - 3 + ln 3 = 3 + ln 3 . 1.432 .

this point is a minimum. d l ^ - 1 h = 8x 3 - 3x + 2 3

=- 2 1 0 and
4x 4 - 3x 2 + 4x + 5
d l ^0h =
8x 3 - 3x + 2 2
= 2 0 . The x-coordinate of the nearest
4x 4 - 3x 2 + 4x + 5 5
point is - 0.824 .
30 AP CALCULUS BC PRACTICE EXAM AP CALCULUS BC PRACTICE EXAM 31

41. C. To find the slope of the line normal to the curve x 2 y - xy 2 = 2x , Section II, Part A
dy dy 1.
first differentiate implicitly. x 2 dx + 2xy - 2xy dx - y 2 = 2 , so
# a cos a r2x k - ^ x - 1 hk dx = # cos a r2x kdx - # ^ x - 1 h dx =
1 1 1

a. A = 2 2

. At ^3, 1 h ,
dy dy dy 2 - 2xy + y 2
x 2 dx - 2xy dx = 2 - 2xy + y 2 and dx = -1 -1 -1

- c 3 - xm = r ^ 1 h - r ^ - 1 h - a - 3 - 3 k = r + 3 c 2.607 .
x 2 - 2xy
r sin a 2 k
1
2 rx 1
x3 2 2 2 2 4 4
dy 2 - 2 ^ 3 h^ 1 h + 1 2-6+1 -3 -1 -1

dx = 9 - 2 ^ 3 h^ 1 h = 9 - 6 = 3 =- 1 so slope of the tangent is

4 4
- 1 and the slope of the normal is the negative reciprocal, or 1 . b. From a., you know that the total area is = r + 3 c 2.607 and you can de-

and # ^ x 2 - 1 h dx =- 4
1 1

dy dy duce that # a cos a r2x kk dx = r

4 4 4
3 . Since r 1 - 3 ,
42. B. Find dx 2t
dt = 2t - 3 and dt = 2t . Then dx = 2t - 3 . When x = 5 , -1 -1

5 = t 2 - 3t + 1 . Solve t 2 - 3t - 4 = 0 to find t = 4 or t =- 1 , but reject you can expect that k 1 0 . Therefore, the area of the region below y = k is

# ^k - x + 1hdx = c kx - x3 + xm
1

= a k - 3 + 1 k - a - k + 3 - 1 k = 2k + 3 .
3 1
dy 2t 8 1 1 4
t =- 1 since t $ 0 . dx = 2t - 3 = = 1.6
5 -1 -1

3 = 2 ^ 2.607 h so 2k + 3 = 1.3035 and k =- 0.015 .

Then 2k + 4 1 4
43. C. The basic relationship is the Pythagorean Theorem with c = 20
feet so a 2 + b 2 = 400 . Differentiate to get 2a da db
dt + 2b dt = 0 , and sub-
r f cos a 2 k - x + 1 p
1 rx 2
2

#
dt = 2 dt . a 2 dt + b dt = 0 means that dt ^ 2a + b h = 0 ,
stitute, using da a k c. The volume of the solid is V =
db db db db dx =
2 2
-1

+ 1 k dx = 8 ^ 4.131 h = 1.622 .
1
and since we know dbdt is not zero, because the ladder is moving, it must
r
# a cos a r2x k - x r
2
2
8
be true that 2a + b = 0 or b =- 2a . Substitute into a 2 + b 2 = 400 to get
-1

a 2 + 4a 2 = 400 and solve to find a = 4 5 . 8.944 .

# R $ h^ xhdx =
1

d. The volume of water in the lake is

-1

44. B. If C + h = 2rr + h = 12 then h = 12 - 2rr and V = 31 rr 2 h be-

^ 2 hk^ h
1

a cos a
rx k
# 2 - x - 1 10 - x dx .
2

comes V = 31 rr 2 ^ 12 - 2rr h or V = 4rr 2 - 2

3 r r . Differentiate and set the
2 3 -1

derivative equal to zero. V l = 8rr - 2r2 r 2 = 0 factors to 2rr ^ 4 - rr h = 0 2.

so r = 0 or r = r4
. 1.273 . a. The requested curves pass through the given points, follow the direc-
tion of the field, and approach zero as x " - 3 .
^ x - 2 hn + 1 2n+1 x-2
^ x - 2 hn
45. A. Find the radius of convergence. n+2 $ = 2
2
x-2 x-2
and 2 1 1 when - 1 1 2 1 1 or 0 1 x 1 4 . Then check the end-
3
^- 2hn 3
^ - 1hn 2 n 3
^- 1 hn
points of the interval. When x = 0 , / n + 1 = / n+1 =/ 2 .
n=0 2 2
^- 1h
n=0 n=0
n+1
2
^- 1 hn
Since 2 $ = 1 , the series does not converge. When x = 4 ,

/ ^42-n +21 h = / 22n + 1 = / 21 , which also diverges. The interval of con-

3 n 3 n 3

n=0 n=0 n=0

vergence is the open interval ^0, 4 h .

32 AP CALCULUS BC PRACTICE EXAM AP CALCULUS BC PRACTICE EXAM 33

b. Using Euler’s method, with the given initial point ^0, 6 h and inter- b. Use a midpoint Riemann sum with four 3-hour intervals. The

^12 - 6 h = 9 and y 1 = 6 + 9 $ 2 = 10.5 . total number of people seeking care during the 12-hour period
dy
vals of width 21 , find dt = 4 6 1
was 3 ^728 h + 3 ^ 1329 h + 3 ^1291 h + 3 ^256 h = 2184 + 3987 + 3873 + 768 =
Repeat for the second interval. dt = 104.5 ^12 - 10.5 h = 154.75 = 3.9375
dy
10813 people.
and y 2 = 10.5 + 3.9375 $ 21 = 12.46875 . f ^1 h . 12.469 .
c. The number of people who could receive care was
c. Given dt = 4 ^12 - y h , find = 4 c - 1 dt m + ^12 - y h 4 dt . Substi-
dy y d2 y y dy 1 dy
r^t + 3h r^t + 3h r^t + 3h
400r sin c m dt = 400r sin c m dt =- 400r $ 15 cos c m
12 12
dx 2 12

# # =
tute dt = 4 ^12 - y h and simplify to get 9y - 4
dy y 9 2 y
3
15 15 r 15
y + 8 . Find the third de- 2 2
2

r 1
- 6000 cos r + 6000 cos 3 = 6000 + 6000 $ 2 = 9000 people.
rivative a 9 - 2 y + 8 y 2 k dt . Evaluate the derivatives at x = 0 and y = 6 .
9 3 dy
r^t + 3h
^ h r ^ t h = 400r sin c m
16 ^ 12 - 6 h + 16 ^ 12 - 6 h = 0 , and the third
dy
=
6
12 - 6 = 9 ,
d2 y 62 6 2 d. is at a maximum when
2 = 15
dt 4 dx
r^t + 3h r^t + 3h
derivative is equal to a 9 - 27 + 27 k r l ^ t h = 400r $ 15 cos c 15 m = 0 . c m=0
81 r 80r2
Solve
2 9 =- 2 . The third-degree Taylor poly- 3 cos 15
81 r^t + 3h r^t + 3h r
nomial for f about t = 0 is f ^ x h . 6 + 9x + 2! x + 3! x = 6 + 9x - 27
0 2 - 2 3 3 or cos c 15 m = 0 . If = 2 , 2t + 6 = 15 and t = 4.5 .
4 x 15
r ^ 4.5 h = 400r sin a 2 k = 400r . 1256.637 which is less than the 1329
or f ^ x h . 6 + 9x - 27 4 x , so f ^ 1 h . 8.25 .
3 r

d. The logistic differential equation dt = 4 ^12 - y h = 3y a 1 - 12 k in-

dy y y people signing in for care at t = 4.5 .

tegrates, with the help of partial fractions, to y = 12 -3t . Recall that 4.

1+e
a k and a k
rt dy rt
dy dy dy a. Find dxdt = 6 cos 4 dt = 12 sin 4 , and divide to find
y = 3dt becomes # y - 12 #
1
y = 3dt , which integrates
y a 1 - 12 k 1 - 12 12 sin a 4 k
rt
a k
dy rt dy r
dx = 6 cos a rt k = 2 tan 4 . When t = 1 , dt = 2 tan 4 = 2 . The equa-
to ln y - ln ^ 12 - y h = 3t + C or y = 12 e 3t + C
3t + C . Since f ^0 h = 6 , 6 = 12C
eC
4
e +1 e +1
and C = 1 . tion for the line tangent to the curve at time t = 1 is y + 1 = 2 ^ x - 1h or
y = 2x - 3 .
Section II, Part B
3. b. If the velocity vector is v ^ t h = 6 cos a r4t k, 12 sin a r4t k , then the
a. The rate at which the number of people seeking care was changing
acceleration vector is a ^ t h = - 32r sin a r4t k, 3r cos a r4t k . When t = 1 ,
at 5 p.m. was decreasing at a rate of 804 - 1291 387
9 - 7.5 =- 1.5 =- 258 people
v ^ 1 h = 6 cos a 4 k, 12 sin a 4 k = 3 2 , 6 2 and a ^ 1 h = - 2 $ 2 , 3r $ 2
per hour. r rt 3r 2 2

=
3 2r 3 2r
. The speed of the object is ^3 2 h2 + ^6 2 h2 =
4 , 2
18 + 72 = 90 = 3 10 .
34 AP CALCULUS BC PRACTICE EXAM AP CALCULUS BC PRACTICE EXAM 35

c. The total distance traveled by the object over the time interval 0 # t # 2
f^5h = f^1h + # ^2x - 1he
5

2 2 c. 2x - 1
dx and this requires integration by
a 6 cos a kk + a 12 sin a t kk dt = 6 cos 2 a 4 k + 4 sin 2 a 4 t k dt =
rt 2 r 2 rt r
is # # 1

0
4 4
0 parts with u = 2x - 1 , du = 2dx , dv = e 2x - 1 dx , and v = 21 e 2x - 1 . Then
^ 2x - 1h 2x - 1 5
2

1 + 3 sin 2 a 4 k dt . f ^ 5 h = f ^ 1 h + # ^ 2x - 1 h e 2x - 1 dx = f ^ 1 h; E - # e 2x - 1 dx =
rt
#
5 5
6 e
0 2 1

^ 2x - 1h 2x - 1 5
1 1

d. If the object is on the x-axis, then y ^ t h = 0 . y ^ t h = y ^1 h +

t

# 12 sin a r4t kdt f^1h + ; e E - 9 1 e 2x - 1C = f ^ 1 h + 6^ x - 1h e 2x - 1@51 = 3 + 4e 9 .

5

1 2 1 2 1

=- 1 - 9 r cos a 4 kC =- 1 - ; r cos a 4 k - r E =- 1 + r - r cos a 4 k .

48 rt 48 t
rt 24 2 24 2 48 rt
1

Since y ^ t h is continuous and y ^ 1 h 1 0 but y ^ 2h =- 1 + 24r 2 2 0 ,

y ^ t h = 0 for some 1 1 t 1 2 .

5. f l ^1 h =- 1 , and f m ^1 h = 0

f^ xh
a. If g ^ x h = f ^ x h ln x , gl ^ x h = x + f l ^ x h ln x . When x = 1 , gl ^1 h = f ^1 h = 1 .
xf l ^ x h - f ^ x h f l ^ x h
gm ^ x h = 2 + x + f m ^ x h ln x . When x = 1 , gm ^ 1 h = 2f l ^ 1 h - f ^ 1 h
x
=- 2 - 1 =- 3 .

b. If h ^ x h = f ^ x h sin ^rx h , hl ^ x h = rf ^ x h cos ^ rx h + f l ^ x h sin ^ rx h . When

x = 1 , h ^ 1 h = sin ^ r h = 0 and hl ^ 1 h = r cos ^ r h - sin ^r h =- r . The equa-
tion for the line tangent to the graph of h at x = 1 is y - 0 =- r ^ x - 1h
or y =- rx + r .

6. The derivative of a function f is given by f l ^ x h = ^2x - 1 h e 2x - 1 and

f^1h = 3 .

a. Since f l ^0 h =- e 2x - 1 1 0 and f l ^1 h = e 2x - 1 2 0 , the critical point at

1
x = 2 is a relative minimum.

b. If the function is decreasing and concave up, the first derivative is neg-
ative and the second derivative is positive. f l ^ x h = ^2x - 1 h e 2x - 1 1 0 when
f m ^ x h = 2 ^ 2x - 1 h e 2x - 1 + 2e 2x - 1 = 2e 2x - 1 ^ 2x - 1 + 1 h = 4xe 2x - 1 2 0
1
x 1 2.
when x 2 0 . The function is decreasing and concave up when 0 1 x 1 21 .