1

1 (a) Maryam’s height is 1.52 m correct to the nearest centimetre.

A 1cm 2 E o 5am
State the lower bound of her height.

(b) The length of each of Maryam’s paces is 0.55 m.

She walks at a constant speed of 2 paces per second.
Calculate the distance, in kilometres, that she walks in one hour.
1h 60 60 3600seconds
second paces
distance
1.52m paces
orig 4100 2
X X
1
3600
at X 955m
152cm 7200 0.55 7204,5
31 3600 2
222 3
81
LB orig Error is sam
Answer (a) ................................................. [1]
152 0.5 3.96km
3.96
(b) ........................................... km [2]
151.5cm

2 The cost of a chair, $x, is $70 correct to the nearest $10.

The cost of a desk, $y, is $900 correct to the nearest $50. AE's as
(a) Complete the table in the answer space.

(b) Find the lower bound of the total cost of a desk and 4 chairs.

TOTAL DESK 4 CHAIRS

TOTAL by 4 nd

875 4 65
875 260
1135
Answer (a)
Lower Upper
Bound Bound
x
65 75
y
875 925 [2]

1135
(b) $............................................... [1]
 2

3 (a) The population of a city is given as 280 000, correct to the nearest ten thousand. A 10000
State the greatest possible error in the given value. Ez 5000
(b) The dimensions of a rectangular card are 7 cm by 4 cm, correct to the nearest centimetre.
Calculate the smallest possible perimeter of the card.

Length 543 6.5 013 7.5 E Isam

width LB 3 5 013 4.5

IP 2Ldt2wd
2 65 2 3.5
13 7
20 5000
Answer (a) ................................................... [1]

20
(b) ..............................................cm [1]

975 125
4
Both lengths are correct to the nearest 5 cm.
Find the least possible perimeter of the table.
Fj
(a) A rectangular table top is 100 cm long and 75 cm wide.
2.5

(b) The area of a rectangular room is 22 m2, correct to the nearest square metre.
The widthsist3 m,3.5
correct to the nearest metre. Act E o
Find the greatest possible length of the room.
5

dirt Tl AwI
HIP 242nd
2 9751 212gg 335 9
195 145 3
a

Answer (a) .......................................cm [2]

(b) ........................................m [2]

 3

5 (a) A prism has a cross-section which is a regular hexagon.

How many planes of symmetry does this prism have?

7
Answer (a) ....................................................[1]

(b) The length and width of a rectangle are 50 cm and 15 cm respectively.

Each measurement is correct to the nearest centimetre. I E o
A 5
(i) Write down the upper bound of the length.
(ii) Find the least possible perimeter of the rectangle.

IP 24 t 2nd
2 49.5 2114.57
99 29 50 5
Answer (b)(i) .......................................... cm [1]
128
128
(ii) ..........................................cm [1]

6 In a race, an athlete runs 1600 m at an average speed of 6 m/s.

The distance is given correct to the nearest 100 m and the speed correct to the nearest
Atoo E 50
metre per second.

(a) Complete the two statements in the answer space. Éo5

0
(b) Calculate the greatest possible time the race could have taken.
30
Indirect
REGI 1
3,5 11555 300

1550 1650
Answer (a) ............ ! distance < ................

5 5 ! speed < ...............[2]

............ 6.5
(b) .................................seconds [1]

_______________________________________________________________________
 4
7 The mass of a marble is given as 5.4 grams, correct to the nearest tenth of a gram. A o lg
E o 05g
The mass of a box is given as 85 grams, correct to the nearest 5 grams.

(a) Complete the table in the answer space.

É 5

(b) Find the lower bound for the total mass of the box and 20 identical marbles.

Answer (a)

1 TOTAL LBOX 20 MARBLES I

Lower
bound
Upper
bound

82.5 20 5.35
Mass of
1 marble ............. g 5.45
5.35 ............. g

82 5 107 Mass of
the box 82 5 g 87.5
............. ............. g

189.5 [2]

(b) ..............................................g [1]

8 A rectangular box has dimensions 30 cm by 10 cm by 5 cm. V 30 10 5 1500cm

A container holds exactly 100 of these boxes. x100Boxes
150000cm m3
(a) Calculate the total volume, in cubic metres, of the 100 boxes.
o 05 0.15m
(b) Each box has a mass of 1.5 kg to the nearest 0.1 kg. A I E 459ft
o
The empty container has a mass of 6 kg to the nearest 0.5 kg. A o
5,5 0.25
Calculate the greatest possible total mass of the container and 100 boxes.

TOTAL FENNEL
wer
t 100 BOXES T
6.25 100 1.557

6.25 t 155
161.25
Answer (a) ................................... m3 [1]

(b) .................................... kg [2]

 9 5

Pencils are packed in a box.

Each pencil has a diameter of 7 mm, correct to the nearest millimetre. A I E 0.5
77.5
6.5bound of the diameter of a pencil.
(a) Write down the lower

7 0.5 65
6.5
Answer (a) ............................... mm [1]

(b) Find the smallest width of a box that can always hold 8 pencils side by side.
Give your answer in centimetres.

8 60mm to 6cm
17.5
6
Answer (b) ................................ cm [2]

10 (a) A box has volume 2.5 m3.

cm
Express this volume in cm3.

2.5 100 100 100

2,500900
2,500,000
Answer (a) .............................. cm3 [1]

(b) John has a length of string.

The string is 4 m long, correct to the nearest 10 cm. A 10 E J
400cm
(i) Write down the lower bound of the length of the string.
Give your answer in centimetres.

B Orig Error 400 5 395

395
Answer (b)(i) ........................... cm [1]

(ii) John cuts off ten pieces of string.

Each piece is 5 cm long, correct to the nearest centimetre.
A I E o5
Find the minimum possible length of string remaining.
Give your answer in centimetres.

10 piecesT
Remaining voriginal
395 10 5.51
I 395 55 340
Answer (b)(ii) .......................... cm [2]
340
 6

11 The length of a side of an equilateral triangle is given as 41 mm, correct to the nearest millimetre.

(a) Write down the lower bound for the length of a side. 1.5
LB 41 0.5 40.5
40.5
Answer (a) ............................. mm [1]

(b) Giving your answer in centimetres, calculate the lower bound for the perimeter of the triangle.

IP th th th
40.5 40.5 40.5
121.5 mm
to
12.15 am 12 15
Answer (b) .............................. cm [1]

12 ABC is a triangle.
Angle A is 62°, correct to the nearest degree. A 1 E 0.5
Angle B is 53.4°, correct to the nearest tenth of a degree. A o I E 0.05
(a) Write down the lower bound for angle B.

LB 53 Y 0.05 53.35

53 35
Answer (a) ...................................... [1]

(b) Calculate the upper bound for angle C.

Indirect TC 180 at Bt
180 61.5 53.35
65 15

Answer (b) ...................................... [2]

 7

13 (a) Add 55 minutes to 2.4 hours, giving your answer in hours and minutes.

2.4hours
60 55
144min 199min

60 T
É at 3 19
Answer ................ hours ................ minutes [1]

(b) The mass of a bag of sugar is given as 1.5 kg, correct to the nearest tenth of a kilogram. A G I
Write down the upper bound of this mass, giving your answer in grams. E 0.05kg
0.05 1 55kg
15
41000
1550g
Answer 7550
..................................... g [1]

14 The length of a side of a square is given as 57 mm, correct to the nearest millimetre. A L E 0.5
(a) Write down the upper bound for the length of a side.

VB 57 0.5 57.5
Answer 57.5
................................ mm [1]

(b) Giving your answer in centimetres, calculate the upper bound for the perimeter of the square.

TRIAL I
57.5 57.5 57.5 57.5
230mm
Bem Answer 23
.................................. cm [2]
 8
15 An empty lorry has a mass of 4.3 tonnes, correct to the nearest tenth of a tonne.

B 4 25 JB 4.35 É8 5
(a) What is the lower bound for the mass of the empty lorry?

Answer 4 25
..........................tonnes [1]

(b) The total mass of the lorry and its load is 6.8 tonnes, correct to the nearest tenth of a tonne. A o I
E o o5
Find the upper bound for the mass of the load.

Toad Total ofLorry EITI

and load

6 85 4.25
2 6 2
Answer 6
..........................tonnes [1]

90 CM
16 The length of a rectangular rug is given as 0.9 m, correct to the nearest ten centimetres. A 10 E 5
The width of the rug is given as 0.6 m, correct to the nearest ten centimetres. A no E 5
(a)
60am
Write down the upper bound, in metres, of the length of the rug.

9075 95cm
UB 100
0.95m Answer O 95
.................................m [1]

(b) Find the lower bound, in metres, of the perimeter of the rug.

21ft 2nd
2185 2 557
170 110
280cm 100 2.8 M Answer 2.8
.................................m [1]
 9
17 The mass of a box is 2 kilograms, correct to the nearest kilogram. A l E 0 5

(a) Write down the lower bound for the mass of the box.

2 0.5 1.5
Answer 15
............................... kg [1]

(b) The mass of a can is 350 grams, correct to the nearest 10 grams.
A 10 E 5
Giving your answer in kilograms, calculate the lower bound for the total mass of the box
and 20 identical cans.
s's
can
I 0.345kg
ITOTAELBOX t ZOICAN

1.5 2010.345

8.4
Answer ............................... kg [2]

18 Sam and Tom ran 60 m.

Sam took 9.4 seconds, correct to the nearest tenth of a second.
A o I E o 05
Tom took 8 seconds, correct to the nearest second.
A I E 0.5
(a) Write down the upper bound for the time taken by Sam.

94 0.05 9.45

Answer 9.45
....................... seconds [1]

(b) Calculate the greatest possible difference between the time taken by Sam and the time taken
by Tom.
Small
Diff Big
Miff PSam Tomb
9.45 7.5
1.95
Answer 1.95
....................... seconds [1]
 10

19 The length of a side of a square is given as d cm, correct to the nearest 10 cm. A 10 E 5
dts
Find an expression in terms of d for
Length
M UB
LB d s
(a) the upper bound of the perimeter of the square,

TP 419
5
4 d
Answer 4 d 5
.......................................... cm [1]

(b) the lower bound of the area of the square.

LA LL2
14 51
Answer d 55
......................................... cm2 [1]

B
20 In the diagram,

5s
AOBt = 46°, correct to the nearest degree,
AOCt = 162°, correct to the nearest degree.
E
f
46° A
O
162°

46 0.5
t
(a) Write down the lower bound for AOB.

Answer 45.5
............................................... [1]

(b) Find the lower bound for BOt C .

I BJC 360 ATBR A jet

360 46.5 162 5
151 Answer ............................................... [2]
 11

21 A rectangular garden has length 35 metres and width 25 metres.

These distances are measured correct to the nearest metre. A I E 0 5
(a) Write down the upper bound of the length of the garden.

VB 35 0 5
35.5
Answer ......................................................... m [1]

(b) Work out the lower bound of the perimeter of the garden.

IP 2 Ld t 2nd
2 34.5 2 24.5

118
118
Answer ......................................................... m [2]

É1.05
22 The time taken to run a race is given as 54.3 seconds, correct to the nearest 0.1 of a second.

(a) Find the lower bound for the time taken.

54.3 0.05 54 25

Answer 54.25
.......................................... s [1]

(b) The distance run is given as d metres, correct to the nearest metre. A I E 0.5
Write down an expression, in terms of d, for the maximum possible average speed, in metres per
second.
UB d to s
Distance d M
LB d o 5

Indive Ts
dI_dto.s
54.25
It 0.5
Answer 54.25
..................................... m / s [1]
 12

E o
23 An empty box has a mass of 0.8 kg correct to the nearest 0.1 kg. A o 1kg 05kg
(a) Write down the lower bound for the mass of the empty box.

0.8 o 05 0.75kg
Answer 0.75
................................... kg [1]

(b) The box is filled with books.

The total mass of the box and the books is 6 kg correct to the nearest kilogram.
5 0.5
Work out the lower bound for the mass of the books.

Bo
III Iggy gypsy
5.5 o 85

4.65kg Answer ................................... kg [2]

24 At an athletics event, Dave and Ed each threw a javelin.

Dave threw 60 m, correct to the nearest 10 metres.
Ed threw 61 m, correct to the nearest metre. A
P 2555
(a) Write down the lower bound for the distance thrown by Dave.

60 5 55
55
Answer ............................................. m [1]

(b) Calculate the greatest possible difference between the distance thrown by Dave and the distance
thrown by Ed.

Diff Big Small

TDiff TED PAVEL
61.5 55
6.5 6 5
Answer ............................................. m [1]
 13

25 Anil has some sweets with a mass of 600 g, correct to the nearest 10 grams. A lo E 5
(a) Write down the lower bound of the mass of sweets.

600 5 595
595
Answer ........................................ g [1]

(b) Anil sells the sweets in small portions.

Each portion has a mass of 25 g, correct to the nearest gram.
He sells 10 portions of the sweets.
A I E 0.5
Calculate the lower bound of the mass of sweets remaining.

IRemaing Total 10PortionsT

595 10 25.5
595 255 340 340
Answer ........................................ g [2]

26 A box has a mass of 1.7 kg, correct to the nearest 0.1 kg. A o I E 0.05
(a) Write down the lower bound for the mass of the box.

17 0.5 1 65 1.65
Answer ..................................... kg [1]

(b) The box holds 100 jars.

Each jar has a mass of 140 grams, correct to the nearest 10 grams.
A to E 5
013 1458 loroso.lk
Calculate the lower bound of the total mass of the box and 100 jars. Jar 140
Give your answer in kilograms.
LB 1359400 0.13

ITOTA I Box 100 JARSt

1 65 7100 0.135
1 65 13.5 Answer ..................................... kg [2]
15.15
27 (a) A car travels at 84 km/h. meter min

Calculate the number of metres that the car travels in one minute. 84,0004 Go

84km 6011 84000

Fomin
84000m x 1400 1400
Answer ....................................... m [1]

(b) A runner completes a race in 12.3 seconds, correct to the nearest tenth of a second. A o I E 0.05
What is the lower bound for the runner’s time?

12.3 0.05 12.25

12.25
Answer .........................................s [1]
 14

28 A thermometer measures temperature correct to the nearest degree. As I E 0 5

The outside temperature is measured as –8 °C.

(a) Write down the upper bound of the outside temperature.

8 to 5 7.5
7.5
Answer ...................................... °C [1]

(b) The inside temperature is measured as 10 °C.

I a
Calculate the lower bound of the difference between the outside temperature and the inside
temperature.

diff Inside outsider

9.5 7 5

17 Answer ...................................... °C [1]