INICET MARATHON-2024

GOBIND RAI GARG

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PNH New

complantagoni
ementst
-
=

three
·
⑨ T

O New
O

&
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-

complealphabet
ment
I
Ith
T >
-
> once
- awks
every
-

wks
given every

⑩
⑦
 DRUGS PROLONGING QT INTERVAL
GROUP DRUGS IA-Quinidine , procainamide
X ⑪ BINDAs
ANTI-ARRHYTHMICS 1A AND 3 >111 -Bretylium , Abutilide, Dofetilide , Amiadorone Botalo
-
,

Cisapride , Astemizole , Terfenadine (these are Banned

CAT DRUGS
ANTI-TUBERCULAR New Bedaquiline , Delaminide , pretomanid
>
-

ANTI-MALARIAL Chloroquine
, Quinine

ANTIMICROBIALS FQ, MACROLIDES Gatifloxacin

Eg thromycins
:
:
mori floxacin
spar "
,

AZOLES Ketoconazole , fluconazole

ANTI-PSYCHOTICS Hello QT (haloperidol, Queitapine, Thioridazine)
=
- -

5HT3 BLOCKERS Ondensetron , Granisetrone

OPIOIDS METHADONE (PYQ)
ANTIDEPRESSANTS TCA, CITALOPRAM, ESCITALOPRAM
NEW DRUGS FOR MYSTHENIA GRAVIS (ZAB ILU KA PLAN
BNAYE TO ROZANA EYE FALL SE MOOD KHARAB)

DRUG NAME CLASS/TYPE MECHANISM OF ACTION

EFG RTG - dIgG
11 - NEONATAL FC RECEPTOR REDUCES CIRCULATING LEVELS OF
E
EFGARTIGIMOD
-

BLOCKER
-

PATHOGENIC IGG ANTIBODIES

NEONATAL FC RECEPTOR REDUCES CIRCULATING LEVELS OF

ROZANOLIXIZUMAB
---
BLOCKER PATHOGENIC IGG ANTIBODIES

>
-
complan
-
INHIBITS THE COMPLEMENT CASCADE TO
ZILUCOPLAN COMPLEMENT C5 INHIBITOR
- - -
--
REDUCE MUSCLE INFLAMMATION
 condition
MG -> autoimmune
X - steroids used
Mm Z
DX : Edrophonium

Neostigmine y
M: atropinset
 NEW THERAPIES FOR DMD ~

antisense Meudeotide
DRUG MECHANISM

⑤ ↳ santisense
Eteplirsen Promotes dystrophin production by skipping exon 51 of the dystrophin gene

O
Golodirsen Promotes dystrophin production by skipping exon 53 of the dystrophin gene
T 53
O
Viltolarsen Promotes dystrophin production by skipping exon 53 of the dystrophin gene

Casimersen Promotes dystrophin production by skipping exon 45 of the dystrophin gene

 due to reason

ANEMIA DUE TO CKD Hypoxia any

↓
Inducible Factor
Hypoxia
produced
• DAPRODUSTAT S ↓
&
↳
-

Gets
S • VADADUSTAT
-
in R metabolised Erythropoietin
:
↓
oral by prolyl
-

↑↑ RBC
hydroxylase
-

O
?
not given Directly
why
zpo

↳
sys(ing]
 Carry >
- crizanlizumab O
:
-

↳
⑭ ②
very >
- voxelotor ↓ I Pain crisis

SICKLE CELL ANEMIA how

Hb
>
-

>
-
--Glutamine
Hydroxyured
DRUG MECHANISM CLINICAL USE
Reduces frequency of pain
Increases fetal hemoglobin (HbF) -

Hydroxyurea -
-
-
crises and need for
production -
-

transfusions
-

Reduces oxidative stress in red blood Reduces acute complications

L-glutamine -

cells of sickle cell disease

Monoclonal antibody that blocks P- Lowers the frequency of sickle

Crizanlizumab -

--
=

selectin - adherence
-
cell pain crises
-

Increases hemoglobin's affinity for

~
-
-
Treats anemia and reduces
oxygen, reducing hemoglobin
Voxelotor sickle cell-related
polymerization and red blood cell
complications
sickling
 PC-T GRAPH AUC route
B A-
.

- any
U

M
Cmar Auc iv

depends ↑
pose
on Pu
Auc
↓

extent of
absorption
drug
-

- > Tmare
-

↑ tells rate
of absorption

Anher
Du
 BIOAVAILABILITY BY DIFFERENT ROUTES
Oval >
-
- 5-100 %
-
> hi
by oral route had 100 %
Bioavailability
NM 75-100 %
(1) > =

Inject
-

IV >
-
100 %

.
Aston
pr
 Aspirin , phenobarbiturate
·
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>
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hip's name
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ine-
i

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>

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Duration
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:
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↓ Li

17 KPPB-
> dialysis Aspirin
Dialysis #-
:
De effective ↑ 44PPB
Y as proteins ↓
are not But can undergo
filtered dialysis becoz

Aspirin >
-

salicy lates
↓
dialysis
 ⑭ SEX
CYP cyP3AY cyp2D6>
↓ ↓
-
anti-arrythmics except
Amiadorone
- > Cyclosporin BOR for
Depression
T >
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TCA

s - statins SSRI

SNRI
C > CAT
-

drugs
A >
-
Amiadarone
2019
Navis
N >
-
-

Y mutation
⑦
clopidogrel -
-
↓ ⑦
cypaciappt
metabolises if

⑳drug
into active
↓
↓
 NaHCoz
URINARY ALKALINIZATION ~

↓ For acidic
weakly drug
-
-

Aspirin
Barbiturates
will
Mer
make drug
ionised
for
↓ ~
Not
>
Basic drugs
removed "ine"
drugs
-
>
Not acidic drugs
AGONIST-ANTAGONIST GRAPH

Antagonist
%, of
A ->
Agonist

makeinity B -
partial agonist

> Inverse
D- agonist
-

20 -

30
-

-
 all

g: Verapamily
TYPES OF G PROTEINS A+ P

cyclase
>
-

↓
/ *
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Gs > act
by stimulating Adenylate For effluxe
CAMP
↑
↓
: If verapamil
Gi - OAC >
- ↓d CAMP
given oin
T

Dig
↓

Pipe (Phosphadiyl Ionontol Bisphosphate] causes

Gq >
# Digorin
-d
-

L tocicity
work IP3 + DAG Aterecent
calcium
via +2 ↓ 11 vasopressin
↑ ca +2 eg
:
Ang ,
↓
Na ,
-
&VC v: receptor

Dr Asha .
 Graded
DRC - done in
2 person

most
potent
curve T

DRC ↑ a
-

Dose response A
B

S
R

S
④ HELP-
L
1 7
potency
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&

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-

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A >C > B
Efficacy
↓
>
A =
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g

Reversible competitive
No inhibite sament
competitive ⑦ ↓ Irreversible a Non
no
>
- -

I
- ⑪ competitive ; Reversible

-~
↓
>

⑬
- -

Irreversible
-

Non U n >

-
irreversible
-

② competitive
-
[
>
-

3
DRC At same-agonist
⑰
⑤

~
-
↓ ②
At not
same-partial

-
agonist
Pasuell-
working a
onsam
 salbutamol
Eg
:

DRC E: BD
Eg : MHR

~~
↑ Low doses
>
-

I
Bronchodilator
↑

R selective

doses-
At
High both BDEPHR

D =
>
 For population
>
-

QUANTAL DRC
Indexe
Therapeutic
=

·
2D50
d
-

-
-

ED50

u sing ---
tells about

marginot ty
o
!

I
LD50
 wellknown
reputation
take
of
• SPURIOUS DRUG >
-

Trying to
"schedule H"

• MISBRANDED DRUG anything wrong

>
-
written on
OLabel

• CONTAMINATED DRUG >

-

filthy/unhygenic
Eg
:

Marblet
 =

LINEWEAVER BURKE PLOT (Double reciprocal

Plot]

y
u
uncompetitive # > Ymared -> Non
comp

-
>

[ Y S
comp Ymar Ocomp
Non
O
uncompetitive
kmt same Ymar ↓
d
No
meeting &
axis
any
CLINICAL TRIALS -

US

DCGE
-
FDA
S >
- mare-tolerable
Dose

CDSCOP -

study
-

"o'-
g pharmakokinetics
.

phase microdosinHumans
in
-

/safety
=
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efficacy
-
-

-
To

Tested
-

-
No

O -

-
 static
BPH sle :
impotence
work
on
component
Testosterone ↑ >
-

0 Finasteride G I size ; slow act

ing
↓
-
+
5cr
Dutasteride Not for symptoms
↓
Dihydrotestosterone
Q
#
↑ Testosterone
S For R of symptoms
↓ DHT
Dynamic & Tamsulocin/
Receptors
->
component J
⑦ Androgen ↓ PSA
L
silodosin
- XLAG

Lutamide
brazing
↓
S ↳
↑ prostate
aa
 ANTI-GLAUCOMA DRUGS MECHANISMS
Y -
>
↑ outflow
↓ Production
d -
Vaso
I
14 mannitol Trabecular
-
uneosderal
-

↓
constriction carbonic t↳ Q PGF2 &

d anhydrase
⑦
↓
miotics Netarsudil

BG -
zolamide
 S/E
Ocular :

Lid Retraction
apraconidine
:
⑧ 2

in infants -
appea
& Brimonidine : Brain
=
supression
<zyrs Netarsudil
-

: I
-

⑧ Miotics : -
cataract whol like opacities
Eg pilocarpine Y
↓

↳
:
NLD stenosis
= cornea
Detachment verticillata
Physostigmine Stretch Retina >
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in CME
/1
⑧
pGrad >
-

Latanoprast
ofwls
P-pigmentation
Growth of Eyelashes
& -

#- Fluid in macula-CME

"I in uveitis
 Du Acha
-

ALZHIEMER’S DISEASE
① DOC :
-
Ache-Donezl
& a
yoral
I & Galantamine- -
ne

also available
Transdermal Patch
as

② Memantine : NIDA cause

underlying
T
Aducanumab
⑤
⑤ amyloid
: -

AB
-

AB

: Lecanumab
SCORPION STING
Doc : Prazosin
 Blood pressure graphs A, ( - VC
VC
VD + VD
↑ B2D
acts on
all the -GC2B2
MrAdrenaline >
-

receptors
&HR
Reflex
>
-

NA - not all >

- 11
,
62 / B1
-
, X SBP - B1

Blood
↓ due to
DBP -
V >
-
↑DBP Vessel

↑
M
soprenaline => B, B2 B2
-
↓
VD
 to B1
SBP4 -due
3 SBP4 SBP4
Y >
Y
T
< & BR & &
4 B2 41B2
X
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↑ -

--
Bip hasic
=
-

response
Adrenaline BP ↑ BP J
-
10 0
molecules A NA < HRL Isoprenaline -HR4

21 XC

B2

more -
21 B1

strong O
22
B2
more ↑

sensitive
-

vacomotor
↑V
=

reversal of
Adrenaline Dale
+
20
 . Asha
Dr
-

20 + Adrenaline
Y
Vasomotorof pale
reversal
 of Ach
Nicotinic action
Ach

⑭ >
-
-

↑3
↓
NN
YD ⑬
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nighhere
muscari
But along
nic
↑

O
giveI ⑦
↓

Atropine
 ↓
Tachypylaxis
-

shown

by
Tyramne
-

Ephedrine
DOPAMINE DOSES
Renal V .
D
dose
D
>
.
-

12 + &low

intermediate Hear t
2-long
-

pee dose

X of doce
High
210 >
- > XC
,
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vasopressine
 PCM TOXICITY
↓ Acetamenophen
Antidote : ↓ metabolised

a N-acetylcystine
C
NAPQI &

Affinity for Set

O
↓
necrosis
causes Centrilobular
-
ofLiver
 mild >
- NSAIDS
-

-
Acute attack - triptans cors
DOC :
>
-

severe >
-

I Not
given
together
MIGRAINE ↓ Ergotamine
-
=

⑦ SHTIB/ID
CGRP
⑪ Fixed Deposit
-
↑ acts like Brake
New

z
a

not released

- 5HTIFE Ditan
8
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CGRP oral

CGRP
L
CGRP
⑨ against
&
VD C Monoclonal Ab
cause
CBID inflammation Receptors
↓ cneuron) ⑮ ↓
receptor
prophylaxis
L
CGMP
o · Gepan
>
Longacting -

-
-

=>
-

in acute
=>
used

O
↓ ↓ oval ; also
attack o
inj
-

anf

CGRP - Evenumab
T

>
-
Galcanezumab -

>
- Fremanezumab
propranolol
Prophylaxis
>
- Doc :
>
-
Eptinezumab=
 Bu cells >
Renin
-

JG Cells

DRUG DECREASING MORTALITY IN CHF

↳ Renin
angotenan
MNEMONIC: RAS INHIBITORS pathway
z
↓

201
(BO)
aldosterone
- pril &

• RAAS INHIBITORS > sartan

-
- ↓
↳ spirinolactone
=

• ARNI LVH
=

- And RezO : Valsartan

↓
• SGLT-2 INHIBITORS
-

2
-

> sacubituil Death

Nepo
-

• IDN + HYDRALAZINE
IV &
-

Gliflozin
ADR OF ANTI-HYPERTENSIVES
Drug Adverse Effect

Vasodilators (Hydralazine, Nitroglycerine) Headache

Reflexe Tachycardia ,
ACE inhibitors
Cough Angioedema
, , ↑K +

ARBs and RAAS inhibitors ↑ k+

Asthma 8 -
acute CHF
Beta blockers
Brady cardia
-
D
-
+ DM
Calcium channel blockers
constipatio
&o
,
Pedal edema
loose &
Loop ↓ Na
It sugar
↑
Thiazides - ↑ ca+
2
Diuretics cat2 Loop *
cate Thazides ↑ upid
:
uricacid
·

Methyl dopa Imag

Hemolytic anemia
Clonidine Phentolamine
Rebound Hypertension + Doc :
 Ache
-
Dr .

MOA OF ANTI-ARRHYTHMICS
Class Drugs Mechanism
+
>
-

k 0
1 ab >
- K+ opener Na
-

V c - 2

2
Gol
BG
3
k 0
+

verapamil %I
Y
4 T

Diltiazem Be Cat 20

Digoxin For AF + CHF

Atropine Doc for

Bradycardia
Adenosine Doci PSVT
 class Al

B >
-

Bretghum
EFFECT ON ACTION POTENTIAL 1- 1 butilide

②Quinidine

·
N
&
procainamide
D-
pofetlide

enceinide A Amiadarone
flecainide s >
- sotalo

Lignocane
① Phenytoin
Tocanide
 AMIODARONE
SE The
>
-
Thyroid -I

of peripheral neuropathy
Peripherary
>
-

depression
myocardial
My
>
-

- Fibrosis
Lung
>
-
Hepatotoxic
Lives 5
Cornea
is - Deposits
Blue man syndrom e.

Photosensitive >
-
ANTI-DYSLIPIDEMIC DRUGS >
- ↑LDL receptors on lives

GROUP Mechanism SPECIAL POINTS

STATINS > max
-
LDL
lowering HMG COA Reductase myopathy , Hepatotoxic , IDM

FIBRATES MAX TG LOWERING

clotibrate ⑦ PPAR-2
GALL STONES a Q
Ezetimibe & absorption of cholestrol from Gl

BABA Cholestyramine DOC IN PREGNANCY AND CHILDREN Q

Bile acid Binding agents
- -

Cholestipol
NIACIN LOWERING 14
MAX HDL Occ a
MG
Vit B 3 ITCHING AND FLUSHING
-
=> &

HYPERURICEMIA
INSULIN RESISTANCEJ
-

ALIROCUMAB, EVOLOCUMAB 9
MAB
against PCSK

#
EVINACUMAB LDL-R
Lindependent)
and
probabiasking
lity
like out
I Angiopoietin protein 3 work Z
-
-

A
High of *
A
 -
-
- &
Red-

- 89
A
↓ HMG 20
pregulates

·
"
cholestrol
LDL-
receptors
lives

-
on [

how
SITE OF ACTION OF DIURETICS
 Amiloride

E Na Extriamterene
-
-

X
Acetazolamide
moutain
>
- aldosterone
antag
onist

3.
:
Doc sickness - spirinolactone
Epleronone
Cdo not cause
gynecomastia)

↓
Thick
·
=
Limb
ascendinog
USES OF ALDOSTERONE ANTAGONISTS [spirinolactone]
⑪ Ex
C
.
+
: Nat ↓ k

K+
⑦
ad
T CHF
Cause - -

⑭ -
>
conns/rushing
K
↳ -

Doc :
cirrhotic
-
edema

↳ her
diuretics to prevent Hypokalemia
Retention - HTN
Refractory
Mindaugsa
-

Resistant MTN - BP not

used
by dirratives
 metabolised by Exenatide
5MA
Y JosO
DPP4
>
.

* Liva
-
glutide
GLP-1
-

NEW ANTI-DIABETICS T Albi If

- Gliptins U
se

:·
* -
ma
-
minetics
① Incretin -
> ↑ oral peptides
↓ Glp
↑ +d
Insulin Gastric emptying &:
Linagliptin
=

failure,
- safe invenal

Glucosuria
metabolised by
② SGhT20 causes
J Lives
J Fourners gangrene -
/ :
ut,

Gliflozin in urine
: Pancreatitis
-

-W

in = Nat also goes

GlucoseFlows : R: CHF ut loss
approved
~

urine
-
all
③ Pramlintide >
-

Amylin analogue GLP1GIPG

Y
Enj use :
Type
2 + Type
2
Tirzepatide
Capprovedtoto
ADR OF ANTI-DIABETICS
DRUG ADVERSE EFFECT

O
METFORMIN galoblastic anemia Liver disease

Lactic acidosis. : CEEXKidney disease

CHF
Hypoxia
>
-

SULFONYLUREAS t gain , ide : Hypoglycemia

except glutides :

GLITAZONES retention > CIE : CHF , BP

Hepatotoxic , Nat
-
H20

cause Rosiglitazone : MI ;
pioglitazone : UB cances
ACARBOSE
Flatulence

INCRETIN-MIMETICS Pancreatis

SGLT-2 INHBITORS
UTI
 ADRENAL INSUFFICIENCY
I >
- causes
Nat4H20
Aldosterone
↓k
+
↓H
aldosterone Id
&
+
1420 F ↑k
+
+ ↑H +
↓ Na

s
+

severe ↓ ↓ Y Y
acidosis
casept Hyperkalemia
come
↓ BP
Dehydration

&:
IV
Hydrocortisone
THYROID STORM
DOC :
propranolol
anti
thyroid
DOC

②
↓ ① Y life
saving
PTU

+ I
③ Nal-k

Feuer-pLM
⑦ High grade
is
** Aspirin E
o
LITHIUM Route : Oval (BA
=
100 % ]

↓
>
-
TY2- 24brs
narrow therapeutic
• PHARMACOKINETICS BD/TDs
-
very
>
-

Index
acute
• TDM -
mania 8-1 meq/
:
0
ample 12hrs
-
~
.

S :

meg/L after last

• INTERACTIONS Prophylaxis 5-0 0 8
.

:
.

dose To

2
+

• TOXICITY ↑ levels
measure

-
>
Thiazide & Fasting Trough
-

• TERATOGENICITY levels-
↓ T
D A
Ebsteins Tinnitus
anamotey Diarrhea Atava

Andote :
Dialysis
-
SIE ↓ - Leucocytosis
-

t + ↑

->
- Tremors

H- Hypothyroidism
I - 4
7 DI

u - urine

>
Ebsteins
M-mothers
-

xx
BZD SAFE IN LIVER FAILURE
S-short acting

T-Temazepam

O-oxazepam
↓ -

Lorazepam

E-Estazepam
ANTIPSYCHOTICS
MECHANISM ACTION

D2 BLOCKADE ↓ the symptoms of Schizophrenia

sle : Eps , a prolactin
5HT2 BLOCKADE symptoms
↓
clozapine , olanzapine
-ve
maxwt :

5HT2A/2C ANTAGONISM /t : Metabolic she e puteperglycem minutgain >

aprasidone
-

aripiprazole
MUSCARINIC BLOCKADE
Dryness , Blurred
vision,

retention
ALPHA1 BLOCKADE
Urinary
Hypotension
H1 BLOCKADE Sedation
T
CLOZAPINE Doc for resistant schizophrenia
S/E : mar metabolic /E
Mav we
gain
montoring
required
independent Regular
-
-
:
Dose
Agranulocytosis
=

-
-

usedation CMC)
sclaures CI :
Angle
closure Glaucoma
Stallow hea
ocarditis
my
-
-
 seizures-GTCS
~
Gastaut syndrome
TOPIRAMATE USES =

↳
LGS -
Lennox
-
Doc :valproate
of alcohol
Nat
C - I
craving
O -
obesity
M->
migraine prophylaxis 000d
(Not For
R]
Be Bipolar Disorder
 O
INICET
ANTIDEPRESSANTS
ANTIDEPRESSANT CLASS MAJOR ADVERSE EFFECTS

SEXUAL DYSFUNCTION
VORTIOXETINE SSRI AND 5-HT RECEPTOR MODULATOR
- - -
SLEEP DISTURBANCES

VILAZODONE ⑭
-
O
SSRI AND 5-HT1A RECEPTOR PARTIAL AGONIST
>
-
-
SEXUAL DYSFUNCTION
VIlla
·

Y one

all R: Resistant
DISSOCIATION
ESKETAMINE (NASAL) NMDA RECEPTOR ANTAGONIST
Depression INCREASED BLOOD PRESSURE
-
-

BREXANOLONE (IV) GABA RECEPTOR MODULATOR

For postpartum SEDATION
-
-

Depression LOSS OF CONSCIOUSNESS

SARI (SEROTONIN ANTAGONIST AND REUPTAKE

TRAZODONE PRIAPISM
INHIBITOR)
 He m &: Physostigmine (can
be used]
-

TCA POISONING -
28 >
Hypotension

718
↳
-

- seizures

Amitryptyline seizures
U
Nor 11

①
Imi pramine
Desi
clomi
Il

Il
Arrhythmias &Q

NattCos
Metabolic acidosis &
-
-
MULTIPLE SCLEROSIS
↓
attack a Doc :
Steroids - IV
Methylprednisolone
acute demyeleration
Ms-B-IFN
Relapsing , Remitting
ppMs >
- ocrelizumab
CMAb against CD20)
Eprogramee
 also cause autoimmune diseases-s/E
>
-

IMMUNE CHECK POINT INHIBITORS

MENMONIC DRUG BIND TO USE
These TISLEZUMAB PD-1 ESOPHAGEAL CANCER
TORIPALIMAB NASOPHARYNGEAL CA
New NIVOLUMAB & PD-1 HODGKIN a pyQ

Drugs DURVALUMAB PDL-1 BLADDER

Act AVELUMAB PDL-1 MERKEL
At ATEZOLIZUMAB PDL-1 UROTHELIAL
ad Q
Immune IPILIMUMAB CTLA-4 MELANOMA
Check CEMIPLIMAB PD-1 SCC OF SKIN
note - ad ad
Point key trial PEMBROLIZUMAB PD-1 ENDOMETRIAL PyQ
 ⑳ kills
Tell - Tumor
I
X Y E celf

PD1
PDud
W

·
Tell
will not
kill o
cell
-

L
⑭
 L
17
NIB
-
>

anticancer G
TYROSINE KINASE INHIBITORS >
- or
-
al

CML
-

① Imatinib >
-

Doc -GIST

② sorafenib +
Doc : HCC

Breast cancer
used for
③ Lapatinib -> can be

CHerzneu
 magna
Smacen

M
EGFR TKI
GENERATION ACTION DRUGS SPECIFIC USE IN NSCLC

FIRST REVERSIBLE ERLOTINIB

-
EXON 19 DELETION
GEFTINIB L858R MUTATION

&
SECOND IRREVERSIBLE AFATINIB
-
EXON 19 DELETION
DACOMITINIB L858R MUTATION
O
ASD
-
-

THIRD IRREVERSIBLE OSIMERTINIB T790M MUTATION

mm -

0000
BREAST CANCER
GROUP DRUGS USED IN SPECIAL
POINT
Stop
SERM TAMOXIFEN month before ER+ S/E : Endo ca11
.

- -> 3
Teratogenic conception Doc: Premenopanal
Breast Ca
AROMATASE -
LETROZOLE, ANASTROZOLE, EXEMESTANE ER+
INHIBITORS DOC;
- postmenopausal
& zoral BreastCa
FULVESTRANT, ELECESTRANT receptor ulator
*

SERD Any & T

-
Downreg -
ER+
TKI - LAPATINIB HER-2+
MAB ~ TRASTUZUMAB, PERTUZUMAB HER-2+ Carchotoxic
CHEMOTHERAPY PACLITAXEL, DOXORUBICIN, MULTIPLE
CYCLOPHOSPHAMIDE

PARP INHIBITORS OLAPARIB, TALAZOPARIB BRCA + Q &

-
-
>
-
Y
⑳
-

-
-

PARP
 RESCUE THERAPY WITH ANTICANCER DRUGS
CONDITION DRUGS CAUSING THERAPY
(DOC)
Chemo >
early
- setrons
>

CINV induced naue

vomiting - Lsub-pantagonist)
Delayed pitant
>
-

ANEMIA Epo , pardopoet in

LEUKOPENIA ·

Grastin - Filgrastin
THROMBOCYTOPENIA 12-11= oprevvin

TUMOR LYSIS SYNDROME Rasburicase

HEMORRHAGIC CYSTITIS CYCLOPHOSPHAMIDE Prophylaxis

E
mesner

IFOSFAMIDE 77 R : Sterord oa

NEPHROTOXICITY CISPLATIN -
Amifostin
Doxorubicin
CARDIOTOXICITY -
Rubicin ~

-Donorubicin
& exrazoxane

PULMONARY FIBROSIS Bleomycin , Busultan etc .

PIRFENIDONE > Nindetanib
CHELATING AGENTS >45
child
T -
>
S
Lead (Pb(
Non ↳ Adult > 50

↓
Acute :
>500mcg (d
>
-
Desferrionamine ⑳
/N ↓

chronic :
Deferipirone Oral succimes
Coral)
-

- severe symptoms oval

↳ succimer
t
EDTA
Inj
-
 BAL
>:
-
Dimercaprol
- cadmium
A so
-

L
cla-
H
Lead E
Arsenic
Mercury
 MECHANISM OF BETA LACTAMS AND
VANCOMYCIN - Transpeptidave/cross linking
↓
⑦ Transglycosylase/chain
elongation
Vancomycin nomogram is known as
Up
MUG
a. Matzke scale
b. Salazar scale
c. Halsteadt scale
d. Krutzko scale
ATT MECHANISMS
>
-
② Transcription
Ritampicin
>
- ORNA polymerase
INM-0 mycolic
acid-
synthesis
Badaquiline >
-
O ATP synthesis

pretomanid mycolic
acid
Y ⑦
Delamanid synthesis
ATT ADVERSE EFFECTS
DRUG SIDE EFFECTS

ISONIAZID PERIPHERAL NEUROPATHY, HEPATOTOXICITY, DRUG-INDUCED LUPUS

RIFAMPICIN HEPATOTOXICITY, RED-ORANGE BODY FLUIDS, DRUG INTERACTIONS

PYRAZINAMIDE HEPATOTOXICITY, HYPERURICEMIA

>
- Red-Green colour

ETHAMBUTOL OPTIC NEURITIS (VISUAL DISTURBANCES, COLOR BLINDNESS)

STREPTOMYCIN OTOTOXICITY (HEARING LOSS), NEPHROTOXICITY

ETHIONAMIDE HEPATOTOXICITY, HYPOTHYROIDISM

umu nee

BEDAQUILINE QT PROLONGATION, HEPATOTOXICITY

DELAMANID QT PROLONGATION
PRETOMANID QT PROLONGATION
MOA ANTI-HIV DRUGS -

tide Tenofovir
rudline , citadine ,
diadanosine
Abacavir ,
side WRTI NNRTI Delavirdine
Enfavirtide O - Efavirenz , Nevirapine ,

Y
- Fusion
E
CDY
GP41 Cer5 ⑪ ⑦
tegravic
·G
& moratio
--

I ci Meva

we
ROCK LI Protens
ActPsprotease
10
&

-
Navir
ao

ADR OF ANTI-HIV DRUGS

NRTI Adverse Effect

Zidovudine X Bone Marrow Suppression

Abacavir >
- MI
S
Zalcitabine Aphthous ulcers in mouth
-
-

Emtricitabine >
- Pigmentation of palms and soles & Q

Didanosine
-
- Maximum risk of pancreatitis
-
⑳O

Stavudine
-
=> Maximum risk of peripheral neuropathy
-
-
O

Efavirenz ~ Neurological toxicity (Altered mental status)

Nevirapine - Hepatotoxicity
NAVIRs - Lipodystrophy syndrome
Antimicrobi al
agents
AMA DRUGS NOT EFFECTIVE
Doc : vancomyun
① MRSA- > Blactams
vancomycin Doc :
Cettazidine +
AG
Pseudomonas
>
-

②
Doc : cettriacome
>
->

AG
③ Enteric fever
Doc :
metronidazole
Andcrobes
>
-

AG
⑦
Doc : Azithromycin
Cell wall E
⑤ Mycoplasma
B
Pac : Amphotericin
Krusei > fluconazole
① C .
-
 Immunosuppressents

CALCINEURIN PATHWAY INHIBITORS

NFAT
-
-

Poy (inactive)
(Nuclear factor
of activated
-

calcinein
cells) Cyclosporine
carties
T &
↓
Tacrolimus

↓
Produces 11-2
paclizumabb
↓ -
↳
Basilixima
122R

↓ sirolimus
mTOR LE
-

↓
cytokines >
-
Immunity
 Cyclosporine
↑ k+ Neprotoxic Removed from
sle i

-
- ototoxic Bile duct
↑ HTN
by MRP2

Hepatotoxic
↑
sugar Trpe
↑ cholestasis
↑ Lipids
Hirsutism
MOA ANTIPLATELET DRUGS
clopidogrel
Ticlopidine

Aspirin

Abciximab
Trotiban
Lifebatide
EP
ANTIDOTES OF ANTICOAGULANTS Ciraparanted
↓

warfarin Not approved

vitk
↳ -

Dicumar of

>
- protamine sulfate
Heparin
-
LMWH antidote Xa@
-

Andeanet
X ABAN (AO) >
-

-
Idarucizumab
Dabigation
ANTI-OBESITY DRUGS
static

O: Orlistat
oral
T intestinal
ke
lipar
-
> sit : steatorrhea

B: Bupropion + Naltrexone
E: Exenatide
S: Semaglutide
I: LIraglutide
Ty: Topiramate + Phentermine
Tirzepatide (New) >
-
Dual
GLP-1Jagonist
GIP
 THALIDOMIDE TERATOGENICITY
~• Inhibition of angiogenesis
• Interference with cellular signalling: Fibroblast growth factor
• Oxidative stress ↑
• Inhibition of cereblon
ANTIDOTES
DRUG ANTIDOTE
BETA BLOCKER Glucagon
ORGANOPHOSPHATE Atropine
BENZODIAZEPINES Flumazeni/
ZOLIPDEM 11

CYANIDE Hydrococobalamine
METHANOL Fomepizole >7
ethyl alcohol
ETHYLENE GLYCOL U
Y

IRON Deterrionamine
ACETAMINOPHEN N-acetyl cystine
VALPROATE HEPATOTOXICITY L-carnitine
ATROPINE physostigmine
HEPARIN Protamine
WARFARIN vit K
New Drugs
ZAVEGEPANT AND UBROGEPANT
- -

CGRPO
4
migraine R
oral
TIRZEPATIDE
• DUAL GLP-1 AND GIP ANALOG
RIZAFUNGIN
u

Fungal
inhibitors
• NEW ECHINOCANDIN >
-
cell wall
DAPRODUSTAT, VADADUSTAT
• ANEMIA DUE TO CKD
• HIF PROLYL HYDROXYLASE INHIBITOR
=
-
-

• ORAL
-
 M

ELACESTRANT e
SERD

Estrogen
Receptor
• SERD Down
regulator
• BREAST CANCER
-

• ORAL
-

Dr
. Asta
BEXAGLIFLOZIN
SGH2O
DM
goo
TEPLIZUMAB
• MAB AGAINST CD3
• FOR TYPE 1 DM
G-CSF

• EFBIMALENOGRASTIM
• EFLAPEGRASTIM
 Reversible DpI
VONOPRAZAN >
-

Y similar to pantoprazole (irreversible]

k+ -
CAB
Acid Blocker
competitive
ADUCANUMAB AND LECANUMAB
Althimers
Disease
VIBEGRON similar to mirabegion
d
↓ B3
active
&: over

Bladder
 Deposit
⑭Eed
LASMIDITAN
-

raine R
Mig
oral

5
HT
 Kinase
NETARSUDIL Rho

R: Glaucoma
outflow
MOA :↑ Trabecular
Verticillato
/E :
NEW DRUG MECHANISM INDICATION

ZILUCOPLAN - COMPLEMENT C5 INHIBITOR GENERALIZED MYASTHENIA GRAVIS

Tru Ptocis->sye Blink
7 MG +

ROZANOLIXIZUMAB
- ~
MAB AGAINSTS NEONATAL FC RECEPTORS MYASTHENIA GRAVIS
Rozana

REDUCES CIRCULATING LEVELS OF

EFGARTIGIMOD NEONATAL FC RECEPTOR BLOCKER
PATHOGENIC IGG ANTIBODIES
TREATMENT OF PAROXYSMAL PNH
IPTACOPAN - COMPLEMENT FACTOR B INHIBITOR
- = - -

NOCTURNAL HEMOGLOBINURIA

-
-
HYPOXIA-INDUCIBLE FACTOR-PROLYL TREATS ANEMIA DUE TO CHRONIC
VADADUSTAT -

-
-
HYDROXYLASE INHIBITOR KIDNEY DISEASE
-

TREATS EXTRAVASCULAR HEMOLYSIS

DANICOPAN
-
F COMPLEMENT FACTOR D INHIBITOR
& -
WITH PAROXYSMAL NOCTURNAL
-

HEMOGLOBINURIA ONY

-
-
LONG-ACTING GRANULOCYTE COLONY- USED TO REDUCE INFECTION RISK IN
EFBIMALENOGRASTIM -

-
-
STIMULATING FACTOR (G-CSF) ANALOG
-
-
-
CHEMOTHERAPY
oo
DISSOCIATIVE STEROIDAL ANTI- TREATMENT OF DUCHENNE MUSCULAR
VAMOROLONE
NEW DRUG MECHANISM INDICATION
O TREATS UNRESECTABLE OR
TISLELIZUMAB Immunepoint PD-1 BLOCKING ANTIBODY METASTATIC ESOPHAGEAL SQUAMOUS
check -
-

CELL CARCINOMA
SOTAGLIFLOZIN
-
-
~
SGLT-2 INHIBITOR
-
-
-
HEART FAILURE

BERDAZIMER NITRIC OXIDE DONOR TREATS MOLLUSCUM CONTAGIOSUM

CEFEPIME, ENMETAZOBACTAM
LETIBOTULINUMTOXINA
RESMETIROM
CEPHALOSPORIN ANTIBIOTIC AND Β-
LACTAMASE INHIBITOR
BOTULINUM TOXIN TYPE A
THYROID HORMONE RECEPTOR-BETA
AGONIST
TREATS COMPLICATED URINARY TRACT
INFECTIONS
TEMPORARILY IMPROVES THE
APPEARANCE OF MODERATE-TO-
SEVERE GLABELLAR LINES
TREATS NONCIRRHOTIC NON-
ALCOHOLIC STEATOHEPATITIS WITH
MODERATE TO ADVANCED SCARRING

APROCITENTAN ENDOTHELIN RECEPTOR ANTAGONIST TREATS HYPERTENSION

TREATS RELAPSED OR REFRACTORY

TOVORAFENIB RAF KINASE INHIBITOR
PEDIATRIC LOW-GRADE GLIOMA
NEW DRUG MECHANISM INDICATION
DUAL INHIBITOR OF INTERLEUKIN-17A AND TREATMENT OF PSORIASIS AND PSORIATIC
BIMEKIZUMAB
INTERLEUKIN-17F ARTHRITIS
CAPEVASERTIB AKT KINASE INHIBITOR TREATMENT OF ADVANCED SOLID TUMORS
MONOCLONAL ANTIBODY AGAINST
MIRIKIZUMAB TREATMENT OF ULCERATIVE COLITIS
INTERLEUKIN-23
NIROGACESTAT GAMMA-SECRETASE INHIBITOR TREATMENT OF DESMOID TUMORS
FRUQUINTINIB VEGFR INHIBITOR TREATMENT OF COLORECTAL CANCER

INHIBITS NEUROTROPHIC TYROSINE

REPOTRECTINIB TREATMENT OF ADVANCED SOLID TUMORS
RECEPTOR KINASE (NTRK), ROS1, AND ALK

ANTISENSE OLIGONUCLEOTIDE TARGETING TREATMENT OF HEREDITARY TRANSTHYRETIN

EPLONTERSEN
TRANSTHYRETIN (TTR) MRNA AMYLOIDOSIS
TREATS DUCHENNE MUSCULAR DYSTROPHY
GIVINOSTAT HISTONE DEACETYLASE INHIBITOR
IN INDIVIDUALS AGED 6 YEARS AND OLDER
TREATS PULMONARY ARTERIAL
SOTATERCEPT-CSRK ACTIVIN RECEPTOR TYPE IIA FUSION PROTEIN
HYPERTENSION
Thank you!