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14 - Notes - Waves

The document discusses the properties and behaviors of waves, including transverse and longitudinal waves, superposition, stationary waves, harmonics, beats, and the Doppler effect. It also includes example problems about calculating wave properties like frequency and wavelength.

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Ibraheem4life official
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10 views4 pages

14 - Notes - Waves

The document discusses the properties and behaviors of waves, including transverse and longitudinal waves, superposition, stationary waves, harmonics, beats, and the Doppler effect. It also includes example problems about calculating wave properties like frequency and wavelength.

Uploaded by

Ibraheem4life official
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd

NAVI

IIII.TT n traveuinswavefunction
f x E A cos Kx WE 0 where v
Y
K propagation constant V wave speed
w angularfrequency particlespeed

speedof transverse waves

solids v
f string
VIE JE
speedof longitudinal waves Loudness

of
SUPERPOSITIONING
YETI I
Y A Cos Kx wt Y Y't Y Acosckx wt toy
42 172cos Kx Wttg add A andAz

tano's
IÉ 1 vectorially to
find A
AZ ART Ait 2A AzCOS0

points in phase A Alt Az I Fitr


points out of phase A Al Az I VI VI fIa
I I tIzt2F VI cos 0
STATIONARYWIES
occours due tosuperimposition of two identicaltravelling
transverse waves movingopposite along the same line

Y Asin WE K x Y't Ya 2A cos Kx sin wt


Yz A sin wt y ky amplitudeof wave

harmonics fr n fo where fo fundamental frequency


n harmonic number

fm fn m n to as gap between each harmonic to


overtone harmonic series excluding fundamental harmonics

closedstring since l constant doconstant frequency changes

organpipes
when filled with water t acts as closed organpipe
when half filled with water frequency does not change

equationfor lengthchange
to find new frequency th I

All harmonics present NY


where n 1 2 3 4

I d
31 za f h
odd harmonicspresent Rn

t where n

4 4 4
1 2,3 4

f
4

E 12h D
Resonating air column

First resonance Lite E


i 22 4 34 I I
i d 2 L2 4
second resonance Late 2e 2 34

BEATS
producedby superposition of two waves with similar frequencies
moving in the same direction
Y Asin wit
Ya A sin wat IT 2714
2A cos w tsin wa t Wav
LIE 2T
tf
fb beatfrequency f fal waxing filingincreasesfrequeny

Q fb 4b s f 288cps waxplaced on fr f 2b s new fz


E
f f2 4b s f 2 2 or fa f 2

fi fat 2b s therfore the first


condition is right
fi fi since f f decrease
when f increases fz f 4 286cps
DOPPLEREFFECT

HI use t sign depending on whether


v to increases moving towards or decreases

IMPORTANTQUESTIONS

197 e 1cm L 10cm Lz


Ze L2 34
L2 Let 3L 2 30 32cm
I use normal method
201 85cm do 4L f 1250112

to
I 3,4 5 102 100H2

frequencies nfo 1250


n 12 frequencies

226 f 5 FA 425 t to if f iffy


fat fb 3 ta it I bls fo fo I b s
fa f e g ta fc 2b s f differsby242
fa f t 3
Ii 2bs
i FA f A o o sinceothers
B overlap
f FA 5 42042 c

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