Ef6d HDT Women SC ST Minorities PH Pcb11

PILLAR#6D: WEAKER SECTION, GENDER DEVELOPMENT
Table of Contents
65 ☪✝HRD/EDU → Weaker Section → Minorities, SC/ST...............................................................1193
65.1 ☪✝ Minorities (अल्पसं ख्यक समुदाय)................................................................................................ 1193
65.1.1 ☪✝ Minorities → Constitutional Protection (सं वैधानिक सं रक्षण).............................................1193
65.1.2 ☪✝ Minorities → Legal Protection (कानूनी सं रक्षण).................................................................1193
65.1.3 ☪✝:📊 Minorities → DATA/Index/Report: Census-2011..................................................1194
65.1.4 ☪✝:📊 Minorities → DATA/Index/Report: Religious freedom ( धार्मिक स्वतंत्रता)................1194
65.1.5 🕌 State Commission for Minorities (राज्य स्तर के अल्पसं ख्यक आयोग).....................................1194
65.1.6 💬 Linguistic Minorities ke constitutional rights...............................................................1194
65.1.7 ☪✝ 🕵🏼[YEARBOOK] Ministry of Minority Affairs (अल्पसं ख्यक कार्य मं त्रालय)......................1195
65.1.8 ☪✝:📯🧔 → Minority Schemes → PM Janvikas Karykram (2018)....................................1195
65.1.8.1 PMJVK → Sub-component → CyberGram...............................................................1196
65.1.9 ☪✝:📯🧔 → Minority Scheme → Education / Exams..........................................................1196
65.1.10 ☪✝:📯🧔 → Minority Skilling → USTTAD Master Trainers...........................................1197
65.1.11 ☪✝:📯🧔 → Minority Skilling → Seekho Aur Kamao (Learn & Earn)............................1197
65.1.12 ☪✝:📯🧔 → Minority Skill/culture → PM VIKAS (2022).................................................1197
65.1.13 ☪✝:📯🧔 → Minority Skilling → MANAS Academy........................................................1198
65.1.14 🕌 Shahari Waqf Sampatti Vikas Yojana..........................................................................1198
65.1.15 ☪✝:📯🧔 → Preserving a community / culture / pilgrimage?.........................................1198
65.1.16 ☪✝:📯🧔 → Pilgrim → Hajj → Subsidy................................................................................1198
65.1.17 ☪✝:📯🧔 → Pilgrim → Hajj → Mehram.............................................................................. 1199
65.2 HRD/EDU → Weaker Section → Scheduled Tribes (ST).........................................................1199
65.2.1 ST → Constitutional Protection (सं विधानिक सुरक्षा)................................................................1199
65.2.2 ST → Legal Protection (कानूनी सुरक्षा).....................................................................................1199
65.2.3 ST → Census 2011................................................................................................................ 1200
65.2.4 🕵🏼[YEARBOOK] Ministry of Tribal Affairs (जनजातीय कार्य मं त्रालय)....................................1200
65.2.5 → ST → Particularly Vulnerable Tribal Groups (PVTGs).............................................1201
65.2.6 ST / PVTG Welfare in 👛Budget-2023...............................................................................1201
65.2.7 🌳 ST welfare → PM-JANMAN for PVTGS (2023).........................................................1202
65.2.8 📯🧔 ST → Tribal Sub Plan (1974: जनजातीय उप-योजना).......................................................1202
(Batch: PCB11-RAFTAAR-ONLY-Prelims) Mrunal’s Economy Pillar#6C HRD: Weaker Section-SC/ST etc → Page 1190
65.2.9📯🧔 ST → Vanbandhu Kalyan Yojana (2014).................................................................1203
65.2.10 📯🧔 ST → Van Dhan Yojana........................................................................................... 1203
65.2.11 📯🧔 ST → MSP for Minor Forest Produce (लघु वन-उपज के लिए न्यूनतम समर्थन मूल्य)..........1203
65.2.12 📯🧔 ST → Central Tribal University..............................................................................1204
65.2.13 📯🧔 ST → ST villages: Pradhan Mantri Adi Adarsh Gram Yojna...............................1204
65.2.14 🌳 ST → Adivasi Mahila Sashaktikaran Yojana (AMSY)...............................................1204
65.2.15 🌳 Bhagwan Birsa Munda Memorial Udyan cum Freedom Fighters Museum...........1204
65.2.16 🌳 ST → Partnership with private/global players...........................................................1204
65.3 Weaker Section → Scheduled Castes (SC: अनुसूचित जाति)...........................................................1205
65.3.1 SC → Constitutional Protection.......................................................................................... 1205
65.3.2 SC → Legal Protection..........................................................................................................1205
65.3.3 SC → Census 2011 (जनगणना)................................................................................................ 1205
65.3.4 🪜 SC Sub-categorisation: Madiga in Telangana (2023)...................................................1205
65.3.5 🪜 SC Sub-categorisation: Art 341 & Karnataka (2024)...................................................1205
65.3.6 🪜 SC Sub-categorisation: Union’s Stand (2024)...............................................................1206
65.3.7 🕵🏼[YEARBOOK] Ministry of Social Justice & Empowerment........................................1206
65.3.8 🕵🏼 [Yearbook] Ministry of Law & Justice (विधि और न्याय मं त्रालय).........................................1207
65.3.9 📯🧔 SC → Welfare Schemes (कल्याणकारी योजनाएं )...............................................................1208
65.3.10 SC Welfare: Pradhan Mantri Anusuchit Jaati Abhyuday Yojana (PM-AJAY).............1209
65.3.11 👨‍🏭 Skill Development: PM Daksha................................................................................... 1209
65.3.12 DNT: SEED (Scheme for Economic Empowerment of DNTs)......................................1209
65.3.13 🏫 DNT: Nanaji Deshmukh Scheme of Construction of Hostels..................................1210
65.4 Weaker Section → OBC & EWS................................................................................................ 1210
65.4.1 Weaker Section → OBC Sub-categorization ( ओबीसी उप-वर्गीकरण) commission...............1210
65.4.2 Weaker Section → EWS Reservation..................................................................................1210
65.4.3 Weaker Section → PM-YASASVI – Scholarship for Class-9 to 12 .................................1210
66 → HRD/EDU → Weaker Section → Women & Children.........................................................1210
66.1 👩‍ →Constitutional Provisions (सं वैधानिक सं रक्षण).........................................................................1211
66.2 👩‍ → Legal Provisions (कानूनी सं रक्षण)............................................................................................1211
66.2.1 Women → Global cooperation: Beijing+25.......................................................................1212
66.3 👩‍ Women →→ Census-2011 [जनगणना 2011]................................................................................ 1212
66.4 👩‍🕵🏼[YEARBOOK] Ministry of Women & Child Development..............................................1212
66.5 👶>👧 Son-Meta Preference (पुत्री के बाद पुत्र की चाह)......................................................................1213
66.5.1 👶>👧=😰 Son Meta Preference: why bad?........................................................................1214
66.5.2 👣📅 JAYA Jaitley Task Force for ⏫marriage age 4girls.................................................1214
66.6 🧑‍🌾👩‍🔧 Nobel-2023 to Claudia Goldin (USA) for Female LFPR research...................................1214
66.7 👩‍📊 Report → UNDP → Gender Inequality Index (GII)............................................................1215
66.8 👩‍📊 Report → WEF → Global Gender Gap Report.....................................................................1216
66.8.1 Report → OECD’s SIGI Report................................................................................1216
66.8.2 👩‍📊 Gender Indices → Gender Social Norms Index (GSNI)........................................1217
66.9👩‍📊 SDG Goal #5: Gender Equality & Empowerment............................................................1217
66.10 👩‍📯🧔 Women Schemes → Health......................................................................................... 1217
66.11 👩‍📯🧔 Women Schemes → Beti Bachao Beti Padhao (2015)................................................1218
66.11.1 👩‍: 👻🧔📯🤧 Atama-Nirbhar: PM GARIB KALYAN → Women entitlements.......1218
66.12 👩‍📯🧔 ‍Women Schemes→ Violence / Skilling / Misc..........................................................1219
66.12.1 👩🏻‍⚖️ Nari Adalat (women collectives).................................................................................. 1220
66.12.2 👮 Mahila Police Volunteers.............................................................................................. 1220
66.12.3 👮 Reservation for Women in Police Force......................................................................1220
66.12.4 📲 PANIC Button in Mobile Phones.................................................................................1220
66.12.5 👵 Mandatory Mention of Widows’ Name on Death Certificates.................................1220
66.12.6 👨‍👩‍👧 New Passport Rules (2015) to help single/divorced mothers...................................1220
66.13 👩‍🦰🛌 Women Hostel / Shelter / Women in distress.................................................................1221
66.13.1 👩‍🦰🛌 Women Hostel → Shakti Sadan (Swadhar Greh and Ujjawala)..........................1221
66.13.2 👩‍🦰🛌 Women Hostel → Sakhi Niwas...............................................................................1221
66.14 👩‍💰🗄:📯🧔 Women Funds.................................................................................................1221
66.14.1 👩‍ 📯🧔- 3 Umbrella Schemes to cover all women schemes.........................................1222
66.14.2 👩‍🦰💪 Mission Shakti→ ‘Sambal’ and ‘Samarthya’..........................................................1222
66.14.3 🤰 Pradhan Mantri Matru Vandana Yojana - Revamped (2022)..................................1223
66.14.4 👩‍✍ Women / Gender Development: Conclusion-Template ( निष्कर्ष)..........................1223
66.15 👶 Weaker Section → Children (बालक बच्चे)............................................................................1223
66.15.1 👶 → Constitutional Protection........................................................................................1223
66.15.2 👶 → Legal Protection........................................................................................................ 1224
66.15.3 👶 📯🧔 HRD Weaker Section → Children → Orphan in Corona..............................1224
66.15.4 👶 📯🧔 HRD Weaker Section → Children → Misc. Portal/GK..................................1224
66.15.5 Children→ 🍕 Junk Food Guidelines...............................................................................1225
66.16 HRD → Weaker Section → PH ( ♿)......................................................................................1225
66.16.1 → PH → Constitutional Protection:................................................................................1225
66.16.2 ♿ PH → Legal Protection:................................................................................................ 1225
66.16.3 ♿ 📯🧔 PH → Institutes/ centres under Social Justice ministry..................................1226
66.16.4 ♿ 📯🧔 PH → Welfare schemes......................................................................................1226
66.16.5 HRD: → Social Defence Elderly, Drug Addicts ( सामाजिक सुरक्षा).....................................1227
66.17 👴 Elderly (व्यस्क)...................................................................................................................... 1227
66.17.1 → Senior citizens → retired government employees.....................................................1228
66.17.2 🍻 Drug Addicts (नशे के लती/ नशेड़ी)......................................................................................1228
66.18 👭🧑‍🤝‍🧑Weaker Section: LGBT (समलैंगिक और किन्नर).......................................................................1229
66.18.1 👨‍⚖️ National Council for Transgender Persons (ट्रांसजेंडर व्यक्तियों के लिए राष्ट्रीय परिषद).........1229
66.18.2 🏳️‍🌈 SMILE for Transgender and Beggars........................................................................... 1229
65 ☪✝HRD/EDU → WEAKER SECTION → MINORITIES, SC/ST

65.1 ☪✝ MINORITIES (अल्पसं ख्यक समुदाय)
65.1.1 ☪✝ Minorities → Constitutional Protection (सं वैधानिक सं रक्षण)

Constitution did not define the ‘minority’, but
✓ Art 25-28: Right to freedom of religion. [धार्मिक स्वातंत्र्य]
✓ Article 25(2): Sikhs have the right to wear & carry kirpans.
✓ Article 29(1): Conserve distinct language, script or culture. [सांस्कृ तिक धरोहर की रक्षा]
✓ Article 30(1): Minorities’ right to establish & administer educational institutions.
✓ Article 350B: Commissioner for Linguistic Minorities (भाषाई अल्पसं ख्यकों के लिए आयुक्त).
65.1.2 ☪✝ Minorities → Legal Protection (कानूनी सं रक्षण)
 1955: Durgah Khwaja Saheb Act, 1955 -to empower union to run the administration of Durgah
of Khwaja Moin-ud-din Chishti at Ajmer.
 1992: National Commission for Minorities Act (राष्ट्रीय अल्पसं ख्यक आयोग) → Section 2(c): we’ve 6
national minorities: Muslims, Christians, Buddhists, Sikhs, Zoroastrians (Parsis) & Jains (Latest
added in 2014).
 1995: Waqf Act → Waqf Councils @Union & State levels. When a Muslim donates property for
the society, it’s called Waqf.
 2002: Haj Committee Act.
 2004: Minority Educational Institutions Act.
📊
65.1.3 ☪✝: Minorities → DATA/Index/Report: Census-2011
- Out of total population: Hindu (79.8%) > Muslim(14.2%) > Christian(2.3%) > Sikh (1.7%) >
Buddhist (0.7%) > Jain(0.4%) > Parsis (0.06%) > Animist & others (0.72%)
- Decadal population growth rate of religious groups (2001-2011): Hindus: 16.8%; Muslim: 24.6%;
Christian: 15.5%; Sikh: 8.4%; Buddhist: 6.1% & Jain: 5.4%.
- % Jains out of total state population: Maharashtra (1.3%) > Rajasthan (1.2%) > Delhi (1.1%) >
Gujrat (1.0%). Elsewhere in the country their proportion in negligible.
Where Non-hindus are Majority Where Hindus are Minority
- Muslims: J&K & Lakshadweep Lakshadweep, Mizoram, Nagaland, Meghalaya,
- Sikhs: Punjab J&K, Arunachal, Manipur & Punjab
यहाँ ग़ैर हिन्दू बहुसं ख्यक है (According to a PIL in SC)
📊
65.1.4 ☪✝: Minorities → DATA/Index/Report: Religious freedom (धार्मिक स्वतंत्रता)
 United States Commission on International Religious Freedom (USCIRF)
 Their Religious Freedom Report 2020: India is labelled as a Country of Special Concern (CSC)
because of the communal violence. (ऐसा देश जिसपर अमरीकी धार्मिक स्वातंत्र्य आयोग को विशेष चिंता है, सांप्रदायिक
हिंसा के कारण)
 But India’s External Affairs ministry has rejected this report so we need not apply much brain
here. (भारत के विदेश मामलों के मंत्रालय ने इसे खारिज किया है। तो हमने बहु दिमाग़ ख़र्च करने की ज़रूरत नहीं)
65.1.5 🕌
State Commission for Minorities (राज्य स्तर के अल्पसं ख्यक आयोग)
 Eighteen state governments/UT administrations namely, Andhra Pradesh, Assam, Bihar,
Chhattisgarh, Delhi, Jharkhand, Karnataka, Kerala, Maharashtra, Madhya Pradesh, Manipur,
Rajasthan, Uttar Pradesh, Tamil Nadu, Telangana, Uttarakhand, West Bengal and Punjab
 These are statutory bodies set up under the respective state government’s laws. e.g. Rajasthan
State Minorities Commission Act 2001.
65.1.6 💬 Linguistic Minorities ke constitutional rights

Article Provision (भाषाकिय अल्पसं ख्यकों के सं वैधानिक अधिकार)
Article 29 right to conserve their distinct language, script or culture and to establish and
and 30 administer educational institutions of their choice.
Article 347 official recognition of any language by the President may specify.
right to submit complaints to any authority of the union or a state in any of the
Article 350
languages used in the union/states.
for instruction in the mother tongue at the primary stage of education to children
Article 360A
belonging to linguistic minority groups.
Commissioner for Linguistic Minorities (CLM). CLM was established in 1957.
Article 350B
HQ at Delhi with three zonal offices at Belagavi, Chennai and Kolkata.
65.1.7 ☪✝ 🕵🏼[YEARBOOK] Ministry of Minority Affairs (अल्पसं ख्यक कार्य मं त्रालय)

Dept / Attached N/A
CPSE National Minorities Development & Finance Corporation (NMDFC) : A
‘non-for-profit’ company under Companies Act. Union owns 73%.
Shareholding of each state/UT NMDFC is in proportion to its population of
minorities. Virasat = NMDFC loan scheme for craftsman.
Autonomous Maulana Azad Education Foundation (MAEF). Maulana Abul Kalam Azad,
स्वायत्त सं स्था the first Education Minister of India
Statutory 1) National Commission for Minorities [राष्ट्रीय अल्पसं ख्यक आयोग]
वैधानिक 2) Waqf Council 3) Haj Committee
Constitutional 350B: Commissioner for Linguistic Minorities [भाषाइ अल्पसं ख्यक]
65.1.8 ☪✝: 📯🧔 → Minority Schemes → PM Janvikas Karykram (2018)
- 2005-06: PMO → Justice (Retd) Rajinder Sachar Committee for social, economic & educational
status of the Muslims in India. [मुस्लिमों की सामाजिक आर्थिक और शिक्षा स्थिति के लिए समिति बनी थी]
- 2005: Prime Minister’s New 15 Point Programme for the Welfare of Minorities= “We’ll apply
existing schemes in better manner” + some ₹ ₹ for upgrading Madressa, skilling etc. in areas with
25% /> minority population. [वर्तमान योजनाओं को बेहतर तरीक़े से लागू करेंगे]
- 2008: Manmohan starts Multi-sectoral Development Programme (MsDP)
PM ManMohan (2008) → PM Modi (2018)
Multi-sectoral Development Program(MsDP) renamed it into PM Janvikas Karykram
for village-clusters where minority population Minority population 25%/> (So more areas
was 50%/> & high level of backwardness. ~90 covered)
districts covered
 Boss? Ministry of Minority Affairs (अल्पसं ख्यक मामलों का मं त्रालय)
 Centrally sponsored scheme → Core of the Core Schemes (Umbrella Scheme for Minorities) →
not 100% funded by Union. 60:40, 90:10. (कें द्र द्वारा प्रायोजित अति महत्वपूर्ण योजना)
 ₹ ₹ Health, Education, Skills, Community Hall, Sadbhav Mandap, Marketshed, Rural Housing,
Water, Toilets etc. [स्वास्थ्य शिक्षा कौशल तालीम इत्यादि]
○ 80% of the ₹ ₹ to be used for Health (more PHC, Anganwadi centres), Education (more
schools, more classrooms & labs), Skill programs (more ITI, Polytechnics) etc.
○ 33-40% for women centric projects (which could also have overlapping objectives of
education / health / skilling.).
65.1.8.1 PMJVK → Sub-component → CyberGram
 Boss? Ministry of Minority Affairs for giving computer training to Madressa Students.
65.1.9 ☪✝: 📯🧔 → Minority Scheme → Education / Exams
Nai Roshni  Minority Affairs Ministry’s leadership development among minority women.
अल्पसं ख्यक महिला Training them on how to interact with Govt orgs, banks, etc. so they can be
नेतृत्व तालिम more assertive about their rights & more confident to use their talent.
Nai Manzil  Madressa Passout & School-dropout minority youth (aged 17-35)
मदरसा के बच्चों को  They’ve face difficulty in getting jobs because they don’t have ‘school Leaving
मुख्यधारा में लाना Certificate’ or a proof of having class 8 or 10 level education
 So, Nai Manzil scheme gives them employable skills in computer, accounting
etc. + National Institute of Open Schooling (NIOS) certification so they can
get jobs in organized sector.
 Minimum 30% seats are earmarked for minority girls.
Competitive  Central Sector Scheme: 100% Union Funded
Exam  Naya Savera: Govt gives ₹ ₹ to public & private institutes for giving free
कोचिंग के लिए coaching to minority students for competitive exams.
पैसा सब्सिडी  Nai Udaan: Govt gives ₹ ₹ to minority students IF they clear Prelims stage of
UPSC, SSC & StatePCS Gazetted-. Provided family annual income is not >6
lakh, & he’ll not claiming it for more than once. Only 2000 students given
this ₹ ₹ annually, on first-cum-first-serve basis.
Padho Education loan subsidy for minority students for higher education overseas.
Pardesh विदेश में उच्च शिक्षा के लिए ली गई शिक्षा लोन पर ब्याज सब्सिडी
Fellowship - Maulana Azad National Fellowship for M. Phil & Ph.D. minority students
for five-year financial assistance for Buddhists, Christians, Jains, Muslims,
Parsis and Sikhs to pursue MPhil and PhD.
- 2022-23: scheme discontinued. Government’s justification- “It overlaps with
some other educational schemes. so we’re stopping it.”
Pre-matric - Before: this was given for class1 to 10.
scholarship - From-2022: this will be given only for Class9 and 10.
65.1.10 ☪✝: 📯🧔 → Minority Skilling → USTTAD Master Trainers
USTTAD abbreviation: Upgrading Skills & Training in Traditional Arts/Crafts for Development
 Boss? Ministry of Minority Affairs. Central Sector Scheme: 100% Union Funded
 Minority craftsman aged of 30 years & having 10 years experience in his field. → They are given
further training + marketing skills + stipend → they will become Ustad (Master Trainer) →
Ustad will give training to younger generation to preserve their craft.
 Examples: Phulkari embroidery (Sikh), Kashmiri Shawl-Carpets & Aligarh’s handmade locks
(Muslims), Thanka Painting (Buddhist), Parsi Gara Hand Embroidered Saree etc.
Related Schemes:
- Hunar Haat: Govt organizes trade mela, marketing exhibition to help the minority craftsmen
display their work & connect with the buyers. मेलों का आयोजन
- Virasat is credit scheme for crafts persons by NMDFC.
65.1.11 ☪✝: 📯🧔 → Minority Skilling → Seekho Aur Kamao (Learn & Earn)
 Boss? Ministry of Minority Affairs. Central Sector Scheme: 100% Union Funded.
 Beneficiary? Minority person who is min. class 5 pass, aged 14-45.
 They’re given training with stipend for छात्रवृत्ति दी जाएगी
○ A) modern trades (saloon, restaurant, computer data entry operator etc) or
○ B) traditional crafts (Carpet, handicraft etc).
 Then, Govt helps them get placement / self-employment. [नौकरी/स्वरोजगार के लिए मदद]
65.1.12 ☪✝: 📯🧔 → Minority Skill/culture → PM VIKAS (2022)

 It’s a new umbrella scheme covering five existing schemes viz. 1) Seekho aur Kamao, 2)
USTTAD, 3) Hamari Dharohar, 4) Nai Roshini 5) Nai Manzil. (पुरानी पाँच योजनाओं को एक छतरी के नीचे
लाया गया।)
 Earlier, PM-VIKAS was called Pradhan Mantri Kaushal Ko Kaam Karyakram (PMKKK). But
new name is PM-VIKAS- Pradhan Mantri Virasat Ka Samvardhan (PM VIKAS) Scheme.
 33% of total beneficiaries are meant to be women.
 Boss? Ministry of Minority Affairs.
65.1.13 ☪✝: 📯🧔 → Minority Skilling → MANAS Academy
Boss? Ministry of Minority Affairs → National Minorities Development & Finance Corporation
(NMDFC) → Maulana Azad National Academy for Skills (MANAS)
 MANAS receives ₹ ₹ from various Govt schemes for minorities’ education / skill / poverty
removal + ₹ ₹ from donations. MANAS uses those ₹ ₹ to
○ To setup training institutes in PPP mode.
○ To give Concessional loans to minorities for skill courses & to start businesses. [रियायती
ब्याज पर कर्ज़ दिया जाएगा]
 + Technical & Marketing Support to new entrepreneurs.
+ online portal to monitor (private) training institutes, in collaboration with Skill Ministry.
🕌
65.1.14 Shahari Waqf Sampatti Vikas Yojana
• Boss? Ministry of Minority Affairs: → Central Waqf Council (CWC)
• Waqfs are permanent donation of movable or immovable properties by Muslim person for
religious / charitable work. (जब एक मुस्लिम व्यक्ति अपनी सं पत्ति समाज को दान करता है।)
• Under Shahari Waqf Sampatti Vikas Yojana : interest-free loans upto ₹ 2crore given for
construction of economically viable buildings on the Waqf land, such as commercial
complex, marriage halls, hospitals, cold storage, etc. on the Waqf land. (ऐसे दान में मिली वक़्फ़ की
ज़मीन पर इमारतें बनाने के लिए ब्याज मुक्त लोन दिए जाएं गे।)
65.1.15 ☪✝: 📯🧔 → Preserving a community / culture / pilgrimage?
Boss? Ministry of Minority Affairs [Central Sector: 100% funded by Union]
 Beneficiaries- Parsi married couples encouraged to produce children- to reverse
Jiyo Parsi the falling population of Parsis. पारसियों की गिरती आबादी को बढ़ाना
(2013)  ₹ ₹ for infertility treatment / IVF baby etc. वन्ध्यत्व इलाज
 Advocacy, Counselling, awareness generation. वकालत, परामर्श, जागरूकता
Hamari  Ministry of Minority Affairs (with help of Culture Ministry).
Dharohar  To preserve minorities’ culture, heritage, manuscripts.
65.1.16 ☪✝: 📯🧔 → Pilgrim → Hajj → Subsidy
- 1932: British Indian Govt started subsidized sea-transport Muslims going for Hajj to Mecca,
Saudi Arabia. In Modern times, Civil Aviation Ministry gave ‘Hajj Subsidy’ to Air India to provide
cheap transport, free meal etc. to them. (The beneficiaries selected by Haj Committees under
Minority Ministry).
- 2012: Supreme Court ordered Govt to gradually phase out Hajj subsidy & use ₹ ₹ for educational &
social development of Muslims instead. [सर्वोच्च न्यायालय ने हज सब्सिडी पर रोक लगायी और यह पैसा मुसलमानों के शिक्षा
और सामाजिक विकास मैं इस्तेमाल के लिए सरकार को निर्देश दिए]
- 2018: Govt finally cancelled Hajj Subsidy based on Afzal Amanullah committee (2017) report.
- 2019: Minority Affairs ministry’s “E-MASIHA” health app for Haji pilgrims.
65.1.17 ☪✝: 📯🧔 → Pilgrim → Hajj → Mehram

- Earlier, Muslim women were not allowed to go for Hajj without ‘Mehram’ i.e. husband, son or a male
first blood relation as guardian.
- But PM Modi allowed Muslim women aged 45/> to go without Mehram, in a group of at least four
women, based on Afzal Amanullah committee (2017) report. पुरुष सं रक्षक अनिवार्य नहीं
65.2 HRD/EDU → WEAKER SECTION → SCHEDULED TRIBES (ST)
65.2.1 ST → Constitutional Protection (सं विधानिक सुरक्षा)

✓ Art 23: Abolish human trafficking & bonded labour (मानव तस्करी और बं धुआ मजदूरी)
✓ Art 164: Tribal Welfare Minister in the state Govts of Chattisgarh, Jharkhand, Madhya Pradesh
& Odisha. While Bihar excluded after 94th Amendment Act of 2006.
✓ Art 330 & 332: SC/ST reservation in Lok Sabha & Vidhan Sabha.
✓ Art 243D & T: Reservation in PRI & ULB [स्थानिक स्वराज्य सं स्थाओं में आरक्षण]
✓ Art 338A: National Commission for ST (राष्ट्रीय अनुसूचित जनजाति आयोग). Originally we had a
combined National Commission for SCs & STs (NCSC) → 89th Constitutional (Amendment)
Act, 2003 → SC & ST commissions bifurcated.
✓ Constitution (Scheduled Tribes) Order (Amendment) Bill 2021: It seeks amending
nomenclature/names of certain tribes from Arunachal Pradesh mentioned in the Constitution
(Scheduled Tribes) Order, 1950. अरुणाचल प्रदेश के कु छ आदिवासी समुदायों के नाम की सूची में कु छ सुधार के लिए नया
सं वैधानिक सं शोधन विधेयक
✓ 5th & 6th Schedule areas (Ref: Laxmikanth)
65.2.2 ST → Legal Protection (कानूनी सुरक्षा)
✓ 1955: Protection of Civil Rights Act (नागरिक अधिकारों का सं रक्षण अधिनियम)
✓ 1976: Bonded Labour System Abolition Act [बं धुआ मज़दूरी प्रतिबं ध क़ानून]
✓ 1989: Prevention of Atrocities Act for SC & ST (अत्याचार निवारण अधिनियम)
✓ 1996: PESA- Panchayats Extension to Scheduled Areas Act
✓ 2006: Scheduled Tribes & Other Traditional Forest Dwellers Recognition of Forest Rights Act (वन
अधिकार कानून)
65.2.3 ST → Census 2011
8.6% Indian Population is Scheduled Caste (ST: अनुसूचित जनजाति).
- Among ST, sex ratio is 990, which is better than All India sex ratio of 943.
- Among ST, literacy rate is 59% which is worse than All India (73%)
- ST (%): Lakshadweep > Mizoram > Nagaland > Meghalaya > Dadra & Nagar Haveli.
- ST (Absolute): Madhya Pradesh > Maharashtra > Odisha > Jharkhand > Gujarat > Rajasthan
- ST list is ‘state wise’. Punjab, Haryana, Chandigarh, Delhi & Puducherry have no notified
Scheduled Tribes.
65.2.4 🕵🏼[YEARBOOK] Ministry of Tribal Affairs (जनजातीय कार्य मं त्रालय)

Dept/Statutory N/A
Cooperative/ Tribal Cooperative Marketing Development Federation of India
autonomous  TRIFED-1987: a cooperative registered under Multi-State
सहकारी सं स्थान Cooperative Societies Act. It deals with Minor Forest Produce, Tribal
handicraft & sells them under brand name ‘TRIBES INDIA’ .
 2020: It launched TRIFOOD Processing Units to develop mahua drink,
amla juice, , jamun juice etc
 National Education Society for Tribal Students (NESTS) an autonomous
body under Society registration act
CPSE सरकारी National Scheduled Tribes Finance & Development Corporation, a not-for-
कं पनियां profit co. under Companies Act. (राष्ट्रीय अनुसूचित जनजाति वित्त और विकास निगम)
Constitutional Art 338A: National Commission for ST (राष्ट्रीय अनुसूचित जनजाति आयोग)
E-Governance  Swasthya portal: health, nutrition related info of tribal population
 GOAL: Going Online as Leaders Programme for leadership
Development among ST Students.
 ALEKH newsletter for tribal communities
 Shramshakthi Portal for migrant workers.
 ADIGRAMS Portal : for monitoring funds/schemes at central, state,
district, block and village level.
 Adiprashikshan portal: for Training/Capacity Building programs
conducted by the Ministry of Tribal Affairs
Day  15th Nov: Janjatiya Gaurav Divas- to mark the birth anniversary of Tribal
Freedom Fighter "Bhagwan Birsa Munda" from year 2021 onwards.
 9th Aug: World Tribal Day / International Day of the World's Indigenous
Peoples.
65.2.5 🌳 ST → Particularly Vulnerable Tribal Groups (PVTGs)

 1960s: Dhebar Commission → certain tribes identified with pre-agricultural level of technology
(i.e. hunting & gathering), extreme isolation & shyness from outsiders, negligible literacy,
declining/stagnant population etc. [शिकार और वन उपज पर निर्भर, बाहर के लोगों से अलग रहना]
 Initially, they were called Primitive Tribal Groups (आदिम जनजातीय समूह) but it’s a derogatory term,
later changed Particularly Vulnerable Tribal Groups (PVTGS).
 Presently, 75 such groups are spread across 18 States & 1 UT of Andaman-Nicobar.
State PVTGs (विशेष रूप से कमजोर जनजातीय समूह) (List is not exhaustive= यानी कि यहाँ पर जो
नाम दिए हैं इनके अलावा भी कु छ और समूह आधिकारिक सूची में हो सकते हैं)
Andhra & 1. Bodo Gadaba 2. Bondo Poroja 3. Chenchu 4. Dongria Khond 5. Gutob
Telangana Gadaba 6. Khond Poroja 7. Kolam 8. Kondareddis 9. Konda Savaras 10. Kutia
Khond 11. Parengi Poroja 12. Thoti
Gujarat 1. Kathodi 2. Kohvalia 3. Padhar 4. Siddi 5. Kolgha
Karnataka 1. Jenu Kuruba 2. Koraga
MP & 1. Abujh Macias 2. Baigas 3. Bharias 4. Hill Korbas
Chhattisgarh 5. Kamars 6. Saharias 7. Birhor
Maharashtra 1. Katkaria (Kathodia) 2. Kolam 3. Maria Gond
Rajasthan 1. Seharias
Tamil Nadu 1. Kattu Nayakans 2. Kotas 3. Kurumbas 4. Irulas 5. Paniyans 6.. Todas
Andaman 4. Negrito tribes: Great Andamanese, Onge, Jarawa & Sentinalese
Nicobar 2. Mongoloid tribes: Nicobarese & Shompens
🔠❓MCQ. Find correct statements about PVTGs in India (Prelims-2019)
1. PVTGs reside in 18 states & one union Territory.
2. A stagnant or declining population is one of the criteria for determining PVTG status.
3. There are 92 PVTGs officially notified in the country so far.
4. Irular & Konda Reddi tribes are included in the list of PVTGs.
Codes: (a) 1,2 & 3 (b) 2,3 & 4 (c) 1, 2 & 4 (d) 1,3 & 4
65.2.6 ST / PVTG Welfare in 👛Budget-2023

Scheme Boss? Ministry of tribal affairs
Pradhan Mantri To improve socio-economic conditions of the particularly vulnerable
Scheme Boss? Ministry of tribal affairs
PVTG Development tribal groups (PVTGs) - Focus safe housing, clean drinking water and
Mission (later called sanitation, education, health and nutrition, road and telecom
PM-JANMAN) connectivity, and sustainable livelihood opportunities.
Eklavya Model recruit 38,800 teachers and support staff for the 740 Eklavya Model
Residential Schools Residential Schools, serving 3.5 lakh tribal students
65.2.7 🌳 ST welfare → PM-JANMAN for PVTGS (2023)

• Pradhan Mantri Janjati Adivasi Nyaya Maha Abhiyan (PM-JANMAN)
• Boss? Ministry of Tribal Affairs
• for the socio-economic welfare of Particularly Vulnerable Tribal Groups (PVTGs)
• launched on Jan Jatiya Gaurav Divas on 15th Nov 2023 [Birthday of Bhagwan Birsa Munda]
• Total 9 Ministries will take following initiatives: 👇
Ministry critical interventions
1. Rural Development Provision of pucca houses, Connecting roads
2. Jal Shakti Piped Water Supply
3. Health and Family Welfare Mobile Medical Units (MMU)
4. Education Construction and running of hostels
5. Women and Child
Construction and running of Anganwadi Centres
Development
Setting up of Van Dhan Vikas Kendras (VDVKs)
6. Tribal Affairs
minimum support price for the minor forest produce.
7. Power electricity connection for households
8. Communications Installation of mobile towers
9. Environment Land titles under the Forest rights act.
Camps will be organised for Aadhar cards, Ayushman Cards, PM Kisan Samman Nidhi Yojana
funds, Kisan Credit Card, Forest Rights Act etc. for the beneficiaries.
65.2.8 📯🧔
ST → Tribal Sub Plan (1974: जनजातीय उप-योजना)
- Tribal Sub-Plan (TSP) is a strategy for the rapid Socio-economic development of ST.
- Union ministries are required to design TSPs & allot ₹₹ to states in proportion of the ST
population therein. (उनकी आबादी के हिसाब से राज्यों को पैसा आवंटित होगा)
- Such ₹ ₹ helps in development of tribal area with creation of public infrastructure e.g. HRD/EDU
Ministry → schools (Eklavya School, Ashram-Schools), Road Ministry → Roads, Health
Ministry → Hospitals. सड़क स्वास्थ्य शिक्षा इत्यादि बुनियादी अवसं रचना का निर्माण
- While Planning Commission (योजना आयोग) has been abolished & plan vs non-plan budget has
been merged, but the system of TSP is still continued.
Note: Schemes given below are part of Centrally Sponsored Schemes → Core of the Core Scheme →
Umbrella Program for Development of ST= NOT 100% Union funded.
65.2.9 📯🧔
ST → Vanbandhu Kalyan Yojana (2014)
 Boss? Ministry of Tribal Affairs.
 It covers areas with significant tribal population: ‘We’ll implement the existing schemes in better
manner’, & few extra ₹ ₹ to setup school, hospital, road, irrigation, housing etc. infrastructure.
वर्तमान योजनाओं को बेहतर तरीक़े से कार्यान्वित करेंगे, तथा स्कू ल अस्पताल सड़क इत्यादि के लिए थोड़ा और पैसा दे देंगे.
 + extra focus on Sickle Cell Anemia- a genetic disorder passed from generation to generation.
 Preserve Tribal Cultural Heritage; Promotion of Sports in Tribal Areas etc.
65.2.10 📯🧔 ST → Van Dhan Yojana
 Boss? Ministry of Tribal Affairs → TRIFED
 Govt to setup Van Dhan Vikas Kendras in forested tribal districts.
 These Kendras will form Self Help Groups (स्व-सहायता समूह) of tribal gatherers for non-timber
based forest produce (गैर-लकड़ी आधारित वन उपज) e.g. Tamarind, Mahua flowers, Chironjee etc.
 SHG given training & finance for value addition on such forest produce.
 + Marketing linkage so they can sell it within the state & outside the state.
65.2.11 📯🧔 ST → MSP for Minor Forest Produce (लघु वन-उपज के लिए न्यूनतम समर्थन मूल्य)
 Tribal Ministry announces Minimum Support Price (MSP) for Minor Forest Produce (MFP),
based on recommendations of TRIFED’s Pricing Cell.
 It covers Chironji, Tamarind, Wild Honey, Mahua Seeds Karanj Seeds, Baheda, Shikakai Pods,
Guggul Arjuna Bark Etc. State agencies procure them @MSP.
 Benefit? Prevent the exploitation of Schedule Tribes by forest contractors / merchants. (ताक़ी ग़रीब
आदिवासियोंसे इन चीजो को सस्ते में ख़रीद के ठेके दार शोषण नहीं करें।)
Seasons Notable MFPs collected
January- March Lac (resin), mahuwa, flower and tamarind
April-June Tendu leaves, sal seeds and chironji
July-September Chironji, mango, mahuwa fruits, silk cocoons and bamboo
October-November Lac, kullu gum, resins used in incense sticks
Over 80+ MFP. I’m not putting full list to save printing cost. you may read
at: vikaspedia.in/agriculture/market-information/minimum-support-price-for-minor-forest-
produce
65.2.12 📯🧔 ST → Central Tribal University
- As per the 13th schedule of the Andhra Pradesh Reorganisation Act, 2014, Union Govt has to
setup a tribal university each in Andhra & Telangana
- 2019: Central Tribal University will be setup in Araku of Visakhapatnam district, Andhra
65.2.13 📯🧔 ST → ST villages: Pradhan Mantri Adi Adarsh Gram Yojna

It is the new name of the old scheme Special Central Assistance to Tribal Sub-Scheme (SCA to TSS)
Boss? Ministry of Tribal Affairs
Coverage? Villages having at least 50% ST population. Total 36,000+ such
villages.
Validity? 2021–22 to 2025–26
Funding? approx. ₹20 lakh per village + extra funds through other schemes.
It’ll focus to develop village in 8 sectors, namely:
 Road connectivity (Internal and Intervillage /block), 2) Telecom connectivity (Mobile /internet),
 School, 4) Anganwadi Centres, 5) Health Sub-Centre,
 Drinking water facility, 7) Drainage 8) solid waste management.
🌳
65.2.14 ST → Adivasi Mahila Sashaktikaran Yojana (AMSY)
 scheme for the economic development of ST women,
 Cheap Biz. loans upto ₹ 50,000
 Boss? National Scheduled Tribes Finance and Development Corporation (NSTFDC)
 🌳 ST → Pradhan Mantri Janjatiye Vikas Mission
 It will operate through formation of Vandhan groups who have been organised into Vandhan
Kendras. TRIFED would be the nodal agency for implementing the scheme. The scheme seeks to
establish a system to ensure fair returns for their efforts in collection, primary processing,
storage, packing, transportation, etc.
🌳
65.2.15 Bhagwan Birsa Munda Memorial Udyan cum Freedom Fighters Museum
 in Ranchi (2021). This museum also highlights other tribal freedom fighters such as Shahid
Budhu Bhagat, Sidhu-Kanhu, Nilambar-Pitambar, Diwa-Kisun, TelangaKhadiya, Gaya Munda,
Jatra Bhagat, Poto H, Bhagirath Manjhi, Ganga Narayan Singh.
 tribal ministry also aim to setup more tribals museums in 10 different states.
65.2.16 🌳 ST → Partnership with private/global players

Initiative Purpose Govt’s Partnership with
creating artificial glaciers for Eco- SECMO (an NGO founded by
Ice Stupas
Rehabilitation of Villages in Ladakh Sonam Wangchuck)
1000 Springs to solve water scarcity in tribal areas using UNDP- United Nations
Initiative springs (झरने) Development Programme
GOAL Mentoring tribal youth. Goal=Going Online Facebook (Meta company)
as Leaders
65.3 WEAKER SECTION → SCHEDULED CASTES (SC: अनुसूचित जाति)
65.3.1 SC → Constitutional Protection
✓ Art 17: Abolish untouchability (अस्पृश्यता निवारण )
✓ Art 23: Abolish human trafficking & bonded labour (मानव तस्करी और बं धुआ मजदूरी)
✓ Art 25(2)(b): Entry in Hindu Temples (मं दिरों में प्रवेश)
✓ Art 330 & 332: SC/ST reservation in Lok Sabha & Vidhan Sabha
✓ Art 243D & T: Reservation in PRI & ULB (स्थानीय निकायों में आरक्षण)
✓ Art 338: National Commission for Scheduled Castes (राष्ट्रीय अनुसूचित जाति आयोग)
65.3.2 SC → Legal Protection
✓ 1955: Protection of Civil Rights Act (नागरिक अधिकारों का सं रक्षण अधिनियम)
✓ 1976: Bonded Labour System Abolition Act (बं धुआ मजदूर प्रणाली उन्मूलन अधिनियम)
✓ 1989: Prevention of Atrocities Act for SC & ST (अत्याचार निवारण अधिनियम)
✓ 2006: Central Educational Institutions Reservation in Admission Act
✓ 2013: Prohibition of Employment as Manual Scavengers & their Rehabilitation Act. हाथ से मैला ढोने
वाले कर्मी के रूप में नियोजन पर प्रतिबं ध तथा उनका पुनर्वास , 2013
65.3.3 SC → Census 2011 (जनगणना)
over 1,200 Scheduled Castes across the country
- Census 2011: 16.6% Indian Population is SC. (While 8.6% is ST)
- SC (%): Punjab > West Bengal > Himachal > UP > Haryana
- SC (Absolute figures): UP > WB > Bihar > Tamil Nadu > Andhra Pradesh > MH
- SC list is state wise. Nagaland, A&N, Lakshadweep have no notified Scheduled Castes.
65.3.4 🪜 SC Sub-categorisation: Madiga in Telangana (2023)
- The Madiga community constitutes at least 50% of the total Scheduled Castes in Telangana.
- Madiga allege that most of the SC reversion benefits have been cornered by the Mala community.
So we (Madiga) want sub-quota within SC reservation.
- तेलंगाना में मदीगा नेताओं का आरोप है कि दलित आरक्षण का फ़ायदा उन्हें नहीं मिला बल्कि माला समुदाय को ज़्यादातर मिला है।
65.3.5 🪜
SC Sub-categorisation: Art 341 & Karnataka (2024)
- Art 341: Parliament is the only authority to include/exclude a caste from SC. The state
government has no role – it is only a recommendatory body.
- In the last 20 years, multiple states like Punjab, Bihar, and Tamil Nadu have tried to bring laws
for sub-categorising SCs.
- But the matter is pending in the Supreme Court regarding the constitutional validity of such
State laws.
- 2023: Karnataka Congress party promised to implement Dalit Sub-quotas.
- 2024: After winning the election, the Karnataka State government (Congress) wrote to the Union
Govt to amend Art 341 (3) to facilitate sub-quota.
- दलित आरक्षण में उप-वर्गीकरण के लिए अभी राज्य सरकार के पास कोई शक्तियां नहीं है। इस बारे में कर्नाटक राज्य सरकार ने
सं विधान में सं शोधन के लिए कें द्र सरकार को बिनती की है।
65.3.6 🪜 SC Sub-categorisation: Union’s Stand (2024)

- 2005: The Attorney General of India had opined that SC categorisation may be done if we have
the datasets to prove that it is required.
- But the National Commissions for Scheduled Castes (SC) opposed, saying that first we need to
ensure existing schemes and benefits reach (all) SC on a priority basis.
- 2023: PM Modi met activists demanding SC-subquota for Madiga caste in Hyderabad
(Telangana) and promised look into this matter.
- 2024: The Union government has formed a five-member committee of Secretaries, chaired by the
Cabinet Secretary (IAS), to evaluate how to help the most backward communities amongst the
SC. कै बिनेट सचिव की अध्यक्षता में एक समिति का गठन कें द्र सरकार ने किया है।
65.3.7 🕵🏼[YEARBOOK] Ministry of Social Justice & Empowerment
सामाजिक न्याय एवं सशक्तिकरण मं त्रालय Consists of... <list not exhaustive>
Dept  Dept of social Justice & empowerment.
 Dept of empowerment of persons with disabilities. (दिव्यांगजन सशक्तिकरण विभाग,
previously called नि:शक्त‍कार्य विभाग but Modi felt it derogatory so changed
name.)
Constitutional  Art 338 : National Commission for Scheduled Castes (NCSC: राष्ट्रीय अनुसूचित
Bodies जाति आयोग)
 Art 338B: National Commission for Backward Classes (NCBC: राष्ट्रीय पिछड़ा वर्ग
आयोग) via 102nd amendment Act. 2018. Originally, it was setup as a statutory
body in 1993.
Statutory  1992: Rehabilitation Council of India Act (for PH)
 2019: National Council for Transgender Persons (ट्रांसजेंडर व्यक्तियों के लिए राष्ट्रीय
परिषद)
Non-statutory  National Commission for Safai Karamcharis (NCSK). Its Act expired in
2004, since then functioning as a ‘non-statutory body’ through Gazette
notification.
 National Commission for Denotified, Nomadic & Semi-Nomadic Tribes
2003, reconstituted in 2005…then in.. 2015 formed under Chairmanship of
Bhiku Ramji Idate to prepare state-wise list of DNTs
Autonomous  2019-Feb: Development & Welfare Board for De-notified, Nomadic & Semi-
Bodies / Nomadic Communities (विमुक्‍त, घुमं तू और अर्द्धघुमंतू समुदायों के लिए विकास एवं कल्याण
Foundations बोर्ड) under Society Registration Act
स्वायत्त सं स्थाएं  Dr. Ambedkar Foundation, Babu Jagjivan Ram National Foundation
 National Institute of Social Defence (सामाजिक रक्षा), Delhi
CPSE  National Scheduled Castes Finance & Development Corporation (NSFDC):
सरकारी कम्पनियां A ‘non-for-profit’ company under Companies Act.
 Similar Corporations for Backward Classes, Safai Karamcharis.
 Artificial Limbs Manufacturing Corporation (ALIMCO)
Imp Days  From 2015 onwards: 26th Nov observed every year as Constitution Day,
महत्वपूर्ण दिवस because on 26/11/1949 Constituent Assembly adopted the Constitution.
 14th April: Dr. Ambedkar’s B’day.
Notable  Justice G. Rohini Commission: OBC-Subcategorization
committee  Justice K.G. Balakrishnan Commission: SC reservation to people who
converted to religions other than Hinduism, Buddhism and Sikhism. (e.g.
Islam, Christianity)
65.3.8 🕵🏼 [Yearbook] Ministry of Law & Justice (विधि और न्याय मं त्रालय)
Dept 1) Department of Legal Affairs 2) Legislative Department 3) Dept of Justice
Executive  Law Commission of India is a non-statutory non-constitutional body set up
body through gazette notification. 2020: 22nd commission formed for 3 years.
Statutory  National Legal Services Authority (NALSA) & SALSA @State to provide free
वैधानिक सं स्थाएं legal aid to poor people. (गरीबों को मुफ्त कानूनी सहायता)
 Bar Council of India to regulate lawyers
 Delimitation Commission (परिसीमन आयोग)
Constitutional  Election Commission (चुनाव आयोग)
App  Nyay Bandhu App by Department of Justice to connect poor people with
volunteer advocates willing to provide Pro Bono (=free) legal service.
 Tele-Law App & helpline number to help rural & poor people in
understanding the legal issues.
Index 📊
Rule of Law Index (कानून का शासन सूचकांक)
 By World Justice Project (WJP) a non-profit organization with offices in
USA, Singapore, & Mexico.
 #1: Denmark, #2: Norway, #3: Finland, #79: India
Index focuses on nations' performance on factors such as Govt openness,
fundamental rights, civil & criminal justice & containing corruption. (सरकारी
पारदर्शिता, मौलिक अधिकार, नागरिक और आपराधिक न्याय और भ्रष्टाचार)
✋We also have a Ministry of Parliamentary Affairs (सं सदीय कार्य मंत्रालय) but no MCQ worthy stuff.
65.3.9 📯🧔 SC → Welfare Schemes (कल्याणकारी योजनाएं )
Most of the following schemes are part of Centrally Sponsored Schemes → Core of the Core Scheme
→ Umbrella Program for Development of SC= NOT 100% Union funded.
Schemes - SC Scholarship, fellowship, hostel facility; loans for self-employment named
after Dr. Ambedkar, Babu Jagjivan Ram & Rajiv Gandhi but nothing
particularly 🔠❓ MCQ worthy.
- 2020: ₹59kcr post-matric scholarship for 4 Cr SC students in 5 years. Cost
Sharing 90:10 for Sp.Category States, 60:40 for General States. Money directly
transferred to Student account.
Biz Loans - Vanchit Ikai Samooh aur Vargon ki Aarthik Sahayta (VISVAS) Yojana: Social
Justice Ministry gives 5% loan interest subvention on business related loans
taken by SC and OBC.
- SHG can get loan and individual member of SHG can also get this loan.
SCDC (1979) States encouraged to setup Scheduled Castes Development Corporations
(SCDCs) with shareholding Union:States = 49:51. Their main task is to give
concessional loans to beneficiaries
Inter caste - Dr. Ambedkar scheme for Social integration through Inter Caste Marriages
marriages Social Justice ministry → Ambedkar foundation → gives ₹ ‘x’ lakh to a
-
couple in two installments if one is SC & the other spouse is non-SC.
PM Adarsh Govt to focus on villages with more than 50% Scheduled Caste (SC) population.
Gram Yojana Develop these villages through better implementation of existing schemes. (Ref:
Pillar #5: infrastructure.)
ASIIM Ambedkar Social Innovation & Incubation Mission by Social Justice ministry to
(2020) Support 1000 Startups of SC Youth over next 4 Years via venture capital fund.
Standup - Each Scheduled Commercial bank branch to give Greenfield Loans between
India ₹10 lakh and ₹1 Cr to at least 1 SC/ST and atleast 1 Woman entrepreneur
with tenure upto 7 yrs.
- 📑
Boss? FinMin’s Dept of Financial Services (वित्तीय सेवा विभाग) (Ref Pillar#1D)
SHRESHTA - meritorious SC students are provided admission in the best available
residential schools after conducting entrance exam by NTA.
- SHRESHTA = Scheme for Residential Education for Students in High
Schools in Targeted Areas (SHRESHTA).
NAMASTE - National Action for Mechanised Sanitation Ecosystem (NAMASTE)
- Provide machines so no sanitation workers come in direct contact with
human faecal matter.
- Skill development of the manual scavengers to find alternate jobs.
- Bring behavior change amongst citizens towards sanitation workers
65.3.10 SC Welfare: Pradhan Mantri Anusuchit Jaati Abhyuday Yojana (PM-AJAY)

By merging the three erstwhile schemes
 Pradhan Mantri Adarsh Gram Yojana(PMAGY): for development of villages with >50% SC
population
 Special Central Assistance to Scheduled Caste Sub Plan(SCA to SCSP)
 Babu Jagjivan Ram Chatrawas Yojana (Hostel for SC)
PM- AJAY has 3 components
• 1) Development of SC dominated villages into an “Adarsh Gram”.
• 2) Grants-in-aid to States/Local bodies for skill development, biz-loans, infrastructure
etc.e.g. Setup SC Women Cooperatives engaged in making consumer goods and services.
• 3) Construction of Hostels in schools and colleges for SC students.
65.3.11 👨‍🏭
Skill Development: PM Daksha
 Pradhan Mantri Dakshta Aur Kushalta Sampann Hitgrahi (PM DAKSH) Scheme
 Free Skill training given to 18-45 age SCs, OBCs, EBCs, DNTs, Sanitation workers, waste pickers,
 Implementation: via Corporations (NSFDC, NBCFDC, NSKFDC) under Social Justice Ministry.
65.3.12 DNT: SEED (Scheme for Economic Empowerment of DNTs)

 1871: Criminal Tribes Act. British authorities “Notified” certain communities as Criminal tribes.
Then Britishers harassed and oppressed them. (आपराधिक जनजाति अधिनियम)
 1952: Indian government repealed this act and “Denotified” these tribes. Most DNTs are
categorized as SC/ST/OBC though a few of the DNTs are not covered in any of these categories
 2008: Renke Commission for their development.
 2019: Development and Welfare Board for DNTs was setup as an Autonomous body.
 2022: SEED Scheme by Ministry of Social Justice & Empowerment.
Scheme has Four components
1) Educational- Free coaching for Civil Services, NEET/medicine, IIT/engineering, MBA, etc.
2) Health Insurance through PMJAY of National Health Authority.
3) Employment/Livelihoods support
4) Housing (through PMAY)
🏫
65.3.13 DNT: Nanaji Deshmukh Scheme of Construction of Hostels
• to give hostel facility to DNT students (NOMADIC AND DE-NOTIFIED TRIBES)
65.4 WEAKER SECTION → OBC & EWS
Economy / Schemes bullets not much. Some contemporary issues are:
65.4.1 Weaker Section → OBC Sub-categorization (ओबीसी उप-वर्गीकरण) commission
REF: Pillar6A: 🔢Census → Demand for OBC Caste Census → OBC Sub-categorization
65.4.2 Weaker Section → EWS Reservation
- 2019: 103rd Constitutional Amendment Act to provide 10% reservation to Economically Weaker
Sections (EWS: अनारक्षित श्रेणीमें आर्थिक रूप से कमजोर वर्ग) among the unreserved category i.e. those not
in SC/ST/OBC list.
- Gujarat became the first state to implement the 10% EWS quota after this amendment.
- Union Social Justice ministry looks after the matters related to EWS.
65.4.3 Weaker Section → PM-YASASVI – Scholarship for Class-9 to 12

- PM Young Achievers Scholarship Award Scheme for Vibrant India (PM-YASASVI)
- For Class9-12 scholarship for Other Backward Class (OBC), Economically Backward Class
(EBC) and Nomadic and Semi-Nomadic Tribes De-notified Tribe(DNT)
66 👩‍ HRD/EDU → W EAKER SECTION → WOMEN & CHILDREN

(Introduction Template- Origin/DATA) While nearly half of the Indian population consists of
women, but despite more than 70 years of independence they are lagging behind in the men. For
example, हालांकि भारत की आधी आबादी महिलाओं की है किं तु आजादी के 70 साल बाद भी वे पुरुषों के अनुपात में पिछड़ी हुई है.
वैश्विक सं गठनों द्वारा बनाए गए अलग-अलग रिपोर्ट में भी यही बात प्रस्तुत हुई है.
 UNDP GENDER INEQUALITY INDEX, (यूएनडीपी का लैंगिक असमानता सूचकांक)
o female Labour Force Participation Rate in India is less than 30%, (महिला श्रम बल भागीदारी
दर)- Ref: Pillar4C-Unemployment.
o share in Parliament seats is less than 15%. (सं सद में महिलाओं की सं ख्या)
 World Economic Forum's GLOBAL GENDER GAP REPORT too points towards as a similar
gloomy picture. (विश्व आर्थिक मं च का वैश्विक लिंग अंतर रिपोर्ट मैं भी कु छ ऐसा ही हतोत्साहित करने वाला चित्र उभर आता है)
66.1 👩‍‍→ C ONSTITUTIONAL PROVISIONS (सं वैधानिक सं रक्षण)
✓ 14: Equality before law
✓ 15: No discrimination. But State allowed to make special provisions for women & children
✓ 15/3 : Special provision in favour of women & children
✓ 16: Equal opportunity in Govt jobs [सरकारी नौकरियों में समान अवसर]
✓ 23: Prohibit forced labour & human trafficking (मानव तस्करी)
✓ 39/D: equal pay for equal work for both men & women [एक समान कार्य के लिए एक समान वेतन]
✓ 39/A: Equal justice & Free Legal Aid [समान न्याय और मुफ़्त क़ानूनी सहायता]
✓ 42: Just & humane conditions of work & for maternity relief. [मातृत्व लाभ]
✓ 44: State shall endeavour for a Uniform Civil Code (समान नागरिक सं हिता).
✓ 46: State to promote educational & economic interests of the weaker sections, & protect them
from social injustice & exploitation. [कमज़ोर वर्ग को सामाजिक अन्याय और शोषण से बचाना]
✓ 47: raise nutrition level & standard of living of people [पोषण और जीवन स्तर बेहतर करना]
✓ 51/A/e: Duty to renounce practices derogatory to the dignity of women
✓ Art. 243: 1/3rd reservation to women in PRI / ULBs. [Some states have already kept even higher-
50% reservation e.g. Gujarat, Bihar, Madhya Pradesh]
✓ 106th Amendment, 2023:- To reserve 33% seats in the Lok Sabha, state legislative
assemblies(Vidhan-sabha) and Delhi Vidhan Sabha for women for 15 years.
66.2 👩‍‍→ L EGAL PROVISIONS (कानूनी सं रक्षण)

✓ 1860: Indian Penal Code: Section Rape (376), Dowry torture (498-A), Sexual Harassment (509).
SC removed ‘Section 497: Adultery(व्यभिचार) in 2018.
✓ 1952: Cinematograph Act 1952 → Censor board prohibits glorification of violence against
women in films. But, Over-the-Top (OTT) video streaming service / Online Curated Content
Providers like NETFLIX, HOTSTAR, Amazon prime etc are outside the purview of traditional
censors certification. So, 2019: supreme court directed Union Govt to regulate such content.
✓ 1956: Immoral Traffic (Prevention) Act, amended in 1986
✓ 1986: Indecent Representation of Women (Prevention) Act
✓ 1961: Dowry Prohibition Act (दहेज निषेध अधिनियम), amended in 1986
✓ 1961: Maternity Benefit Act (मातृत्व लाभ अधिनियम)
✓ 1971: Medical Termination of Pregnancy Act
✓ 1976: Equal Remuneration Act (समान पारिश्रमिक अधिनियम)
✓ 1986: Muslim Women (Protection of Rights on Divorce) Act
✓ 1987: Sati (Prevention) Act
✓ 1990: National Commission for Women Act [राष्ट्रीय महिला आयोग]
✓ 1992: Infant Milk Substitutes & Feeding Bottles & Infant food Act
✓ 1994: Pre-Conception & Pre-Natal Diagnostic Techniques (Prohibition of Sex Selection)-
PCPNDT Act [गर्भ के लिंग परीक्षण को रोकने के लिए क़ानून]
✓ 2000: Juvenile Justice Care & Protection of Children Act & its amendment in 2015
✓ 2005: Commission for Protection of Child Rights Act [बाल अधिकार सुरक्षा आयोग]
✓ 2005: Protection of Women from Domestic Violence Act (घरेलू हिंसा अधिनियम)
✓ 2006: Prohibition of Child Marriage Act, replaced previous Act of 1929.
✓ 2012 : The Protection of Children from Sexual Offences (POCSO) Act
✓ 2013: Prevention of Sexual Harassment of Women at Workplace (POSH) Act. [Related term:
Supreme Court’s Vishakha guidelines 1997 to deal with sexual harassment of women at
workplace]. [यौन उत्पीड़न के ख़िलाफ़ सर्वोच्च न्यायालय के विशाखा दिशा निर्देश]
✓ 2019: Muslim Women (Protection of Rights on Marriage) Act, 2019 / Triple Talaq ban
✓ 1st August celebrated as “Muslim Women Rights Day”. because Triple Talaq was outlawed on
this day in 2019.
66.2.1 Women → Global cooperation: Beijing+25
- 1995: UN World Conference on Women, Beijing, China → Beijing Declaration
- 2010: UN setup a body called “UN Women” (HQ: New York)
- 2020: marks 25 years so, Beijing+25 revise exercise by UN Women.
66.3 👩‍‍W OMEN →→ CENSUS-2011 [जनगणना 2011]
- Sex ratio higher than All India 943: Kerala > Pudu > TN > Andhra > Chhattisgarh
- Lowest sex ratio: Daman-Diu < Dadra-Nagar < Chandigarh < Delhi < Andaman < Haryana <
J&K < Sikkim < Punjab.
66.4 👩‍‍🕵🏼[YEARBOOK] M INISTRY OF WOMEN & CHILD DEVELOPMENT
महिला एवं बाल विकास मं त्रालय consists of <list not exhaustive>
Dept,Attached,CPSE N/A or not MCQ worthy
Statutory Bodies - National Commission for Women (NCW:राष्ट्रीय महिला आयोग)
वैधानिक सं स्था - National Commission for Protection of Child Rights (NCPCR:राष्ट्रीय
बाल अधिकार सं रक्षण आयोग)
- Central Adoption Resource Agency (CARA:कें द्रीय दत्तक ग्रहण सं साधन
प्राधिकरण): originally autonomous body later given statutory status
under Juvenile Justice Act 2015
Autonomous - National Institute of Public Cooperation & Child Development: To
स्वायत्त सं स्था training officials for ing functionaries of the Integrated Child
Development Services (ICDS) programme and other schemes. HQ
@Delhi.
- Rashtriya Mahila Kosh (RMK): provides loans to NGO and Micro
finance institutions (MFIs) → cheap business loans to poor women.
✋🚨 shut down in 2023.*
- Central Social Welfare Board : To give technical and financial
assistance to the NGOs for the general welfare of family, women and
children.✋🚨 shut down in 2023.*
- Food and Nutrition Board: to check food quality of ICDS scheme in
its labs at Faridabad, Mumbai, Kolkata and Chennai ✋🚨
This body
is shut down in 2023.*
*Reason for shutdown: Budget saving / there are enough other schemes
to handle it.
Intl. Org अंतरराष्ट्रीय - UN specialized agency: United Nations International Children's
Emergency Fund (UNICEF) setup in 1946, HQ: New York, USA.
2001: National Policy for the Empowerment of Women. New policy in 2016 but still in ‘draft’ stage.
- International Women’s Day : 8th March. WCD Ministry gives annual Nari Shakti Puraskar
Awards named after Rani Rudramma Devi, Rani Gaidinliu Zeliang, Mata Jijabai, Kannagi Devi,
Devi Ahilya Bai Holkar.
66.5 👶>👧 S ON-META PREFERENCE (पुत्री के बाद पुत्र की चाह)
Due to strict implementation of Pre-Conception & Pre-Natal Diagnostic Techniques (PCPNDT) Act
in India, the sex-selective abortion of female foetus have become difficult.
 So, couples have adopted a different strategy where they’ll continue to produce children until
desired number of sons are born. Economic Survey 2017-18 used the term ‘Son Meta-Preference’
to describe this phenomenon. [जब तक बेटा नहीं पैदा होता तब तक माँ बाप बच्चे पैदा करते रहे]
 According to this survey, there are 21 million+ ‘unwanted girls’ in India.
66.5.1 👶👧😰
> = Son Meta Preference: why bad?
 As such girls & women are neglected in their food & health needs. Majority of them suffer from
Anaemia & malnutrition. When wife is often forced to produce more children to have a son →
detrimental to her health → high MMR. (भोजन शिक्षा और स्वास्थ्य में बेटियों की अवहेलना)
 Since daughters seen as burden, poor parents are keen to marry them off as soon as possible.
Child Marriages → early pregnancy before the age of 19→ high MMR.
 Girl married off early → she becomes mother at early age → can’t pursue higher studies / career
ambitions → low Labour Force Participation Rate. (छोटी उम्र में शादी)
 Economic Survey 2017-18 noted Economic Development is not an antidote to gender inequality
or Son Meta preference because per-capita income & GSDP wise Punjab is better than North
Eastern states YET Punjab’s gender indices (sex ratio, violence against women) etc. are pathetic.
 As a result, India lags behind in UNDP’s GII Index & WEF’s Global Gender Gap report.
66.5.2 👣📅 JAYA Jaitley Task Force for ⏫marriage age 4girls
 1929: Sharda Act - Minimum age of marriage was 15 for girls → 1978 ⏫to 18
 2020-Feb: Budget- Finance minister observed: to ⏫ nutrition, higher education, career
⏬
opportunities & to MMR, TFR, we need to re-examine the minimum of marriage /
motherhood. we'll setup a taskforce for this. (लड़कियों की शादी की न्यूनतम आयु में बढ़ोतरी)
 2020: Ministry of Women and Child Development setup Jaya Jaitley taskforce → Prohibition of
Child Marriage (Amendment) Bill, 2021 to raise the age of legal marriage for girls from 18 to 21.
66.6 🧑‍🌾👩‍🔧 N OBEL-2023 TO CLAUDIA GOLDIN (USA) FOR FEMALE LFPR RESEARCH
• Relation between (married women) Labour force participation rate (LFPR) and economic
growth is not linear or directly proportional.
• It is a U-shaped relation. First female LFPR falls, and then it climbs- with after women gain
more access to education, birth control pills and service sector based economy. (आर्थिक वृद्धि के
बाद महिला श्रम बाल भागीदारी अपने आप रेखीय रूप से नहीं बढ़ जाता बल्कि यू-आकार से बढ़ता है जैसे जेसे महिलाओं को
शिक्षा, परिवार नियोजन की गोलियां आसानी से प्राप्त होती है और, अर्थतंत्र सेवा क्षेत्र की तरफ आगे बढ़ता है)
66.7 👩‍‍📊 R EPORT → UNDP → GENDER INEQUALITY INDEX (GII)
In UNDP’s Annual Human Development Report, लिंग असमानता सूचकांक (GII) measures inequality
between women & men in 3 dimensions
3 Dimensions Indicators & Data: 2021’s Report → India Denmark

Note: these datasets copied from UNDP report.
They may not always match with 📙📙 ES21or
NITI Data. [यहाँ पर आंकड़े अंतरराष्ट्रीय रिपोर्ट से लिए हैं वो
अपने सरकारी रिपोर्ट के आँकड़ो से थोड़े अलग हो सकते हैं ]
1) Reproductive Maternal Mortality Ratio: Number of deaths 133 4
Health due to pregnancy-related causes per 100,000
(प्रजनन स्वास्थ्य) live births. [मातृ मृत्यु अनुपात]
Adolescent Birth Rate: Number of births to 17 2
women aged 15–19 per 1,000 women in that age
2) % of females aged 25/> who at least enrolled till 42% (for 95% (for men
Empowerment Secondary Education [कम से कम माध्यमिक स्तर तक men 47%) also 95%)
सशक्तिकरण दाख़िला]
Share of seats in parliament 13% 40%
3) Labour Labour Force Participation Rate (LFPR:श्रम शक्ति 19% (for 57% (for men
3 Dimensions Indicators & Data: 2021’s Report → India Denmark
Note: these datasets copied from UNDP report.
They may not always match with 📙📙 ES21or
NITI Data. [यहाँ पर आंकड़े अंतरराष्ट्रीय रिपोर्ट से लिए हैं वो
अपने सरकारी रिपोर्ट के आँकड़ो से थोड़े अलग हो सकते हैं ]
Market [श्रम की भागीदारी दर ) Proportion of the females (15 men its its 67%)
बाज़ार में महिलाओं years/>) who’re employed or seeking work as a 70%)
की स्थिति] % of the total female working-age population.
Plug above values in GII formula, you get score → 0.490 0.013
Based on score, you give ranks (2021) India#122 Denmark#1
- Lower GII score = less inequality = better rank will be given.
Year 2021 2022**
India’s Rank 122 out of 191 nations 108 out of 193 nations
India’s Score 0.490 0.437
** this 2022 is the last/latest ranking as of 2024-March.
66.8 👩‍‍📊 R EPORT → WEF → GLOBAL GENDER GAP REPORT
Annual report by the World Economic Forum since 2006, to measure
Gender Gap Across Four Pillars & India’s Rank → 2021 2022 2023
1) Economic Opportunity: Female labour force 151 143 142
participation rate, wage equality, number of women in
managerial / senior executive position. (आर्थिक अवसर)
2) Educational Attainment: female literacy, enrollment rate 114 107 26
at primary secondary tertiary level (शिक्षा प्राप्ति)
3) Health & Survival: Life Expectancy at Birth, Sex Ratio. 155 146 142
4) Political Empowerment: How many females in 51 48 59
Parliament, how many ministers, how many became Prime
Minister or President?##
Overall Rank of India → 140 135 127
Bottom Ranker [सब से निम्न स्तर पर यह देश है] Afghan Afghan Afghan
(156) (146) (146)
Top Ranker #1 = Iceland since last 13 years. Iceland Iceland Iceland
2021’s report found 1) It will take more than 135 years to bridge the gap between male and female
development. 2) Corona has increased in the jobloss and gender gap for women.
## 2023-Jan: India successfully convinced WEF to include women representation in local
government bodies in this indicator. (भविष्य के रिपोर्ट में पंचायत और नगरपालिका में भी महिलाओं के प्रतिनिधित्व को इस
सूचकांक में गिना जाएगा ऐसा भारत ने सफलतापूर्वक विश्व आर्थिक मंच को समझाया)
66.8.1 👩‍📊
‍ Report → OECD’s SIGI Report
 Social Institutions & Gender Index prepared by OECD since 2007. Although not annually
updated. It measures various types of discrimination faced by women at home & in the society.
Nations are classified into Very low level of discrimination to very high level. [महिलाओं सेघर में और
समाज में किस प्रकार के भेदभाव किए जाते हैं] Ranking? Poor Cost:Benefit in preparing it.
66.8.2 👩‍📊
‍ Gender Indices → Gender Social Norms Index (GSNI)
 United Nations Development Programme (UNDP) started for the first time in 2020
 It measures how the public's own social beliefs obstruct gender equality in politics, work, &
education. (लिंग समानता के बारे में जनता की मान्यताएं और पूर्वाग्रह महिला सशक्तिकरण को असर करती है)
 90% of world people & 98% of Indians hold one bias against females e.g. men are better
political /business leaders than women etc.
 Consequently, women will suffer in 4 indices: 1) political empowerment, 2) educational
empowerment, 3) economic empowerment 4) physical integrity
 NUMBER OF female heads of country ⏬
(e.g. British PM Theresa May replaced by a male,
South Korea & Brazil’s female presidents impeached/removed for corruption)
 Ranking? Poor Cost:Benefit in preparing it.
66.9 👩‍‍📊 SDG G OAL #5: GENDER EQUALITY & EMPOWERMENT
India’s Baseline for SDG Goal#5 Target-2030
Sex Ratio at birth: 898 females / 1000 males 954. Chhattisgarh &
जन्म के समय पर लिंग अनुपात Kerala achieved
Ratio of female : male wages for equal work: 0.7 1
% of women in 15-49 age who experience domestic violence: 33% 0
% of women in 15-49 age using modern family planning methods: 54% 100%
Percentage of seats won by women in Lok Sabha & Vidhan Sabha: 9% 50%
Ratio of femaleLFPR to maleLFPR = 0.32 1
66.10 👩‍‍📯🧔 W OMEN SCHEMES → HEALTH
Umbrella ICDS Seen in health section. Core Scheme: not 100% funded by Union.
By WCD Ministry Its sub-components include:
1. Anganwadi Services Scheme
2. PM Matru Vandana Yojana (₹5k + ₹1k for birth of 1st child)
3. SABLA: Scheme for Adolescent Girls (11-18 years)
4. POSHAN Abhiyan
5. National Creche Scheme (शिशु-गृह): to setup Creches for working women.
6. Child Protection Scheme: for children in difficult circumstances.
Janani Suraksha Seen in health section. BPL mothers given conditional ₹ ₹ for delivering child
Yojana By Health in public hospital. No limit on age or number of children.
Ministry
Stree Swabhiman - Ministry of Electronics & IT’s Common Service Centres (CSC) will
provide affordable sanitary napkins to females in rural areas.
- MEITY will also help village level entrepreneur & self help groups to
manufacture sanitary napkins.
- Generate awareness about menstrual hygiene among girls etc.
Udaan - Rajasthan State Govt scheme for free sanitary napkins for all woman
66.11 👩‍‍📯🧔 W OMEN SCHEMES → BETI BACHAO BETI PADHAO (2015)
All India Child Sex Ratio (CSR: 0-6 years) ↓ from 927 (2001) → 919 (2011). So, 2015: BBBP
launched to improve it by targeting 161 districts with lowest CSRs.
 Boss? (1) WCD Ministry with coordinated efforts of (2) Ministry of Education (3) Ministry of
Health and Family Welfare. - Later two more ministries added as partners (4) Ministry of Skill
Development and Entrepreneurship (5) Ministry of Minority Affairs.
 Stronger enforcement of PCPNDT Act to stop female infanticide.
 Digital Guddi-Gudda Board to display birth statistics of boy : girl births in a given district.
 HRD/EDU ministry: separate toilets for girls in schools.
 Information Education Communication (IEC), campaigns in TV, Radio, Social Media etc.
 Sukanya Samriddhi Yojana: Bank savings account in the name of girl child that offers more
interest rate than ordinary bank accounts. Interest rates decided by Dept of Economic Affairs.
(Ref: Pillar1D: Financial Inclusion → Small Savings Schemes).
 UDAAN: CBSE’s scheme to give free coaching for girls in entrance exams of IIT etc
 PRAGATI: AICTE’s scholarship to girls who qualify in entrance exams of IIT/ technical courses.
 Gender Champions scheme: WCD Ministry → Boys & girls aged 16 years/> nominated as
‘Gender Champions’. They’ll try to spread awareness in their school / college / society for gender
sensitization, dignity & respect for women etc.
66.11.1 👩‍: 👻🧔📯🤧 Atama-Nirbhar: PM GARIB KALYAN → Women entitlements
Table 1: plus, many other initiatives refer to respective pillars for more!
Social  ₹500 per month x 3 months=₹1500 to 20 crore women PM Jan Dhan Bank
Security accounts. (April, May, June 2020)
(More in 📑  (Single time) ₹1,000 to 3 crore poor senior citizen, poor widows & poor
disabled
Pillar#1D)
👷‍♂️👷‍♀️Further, male & female workers will benefit from following
 If worker earning <₹15,000 per month in a firm with <100 workers → Govt
will pay 24% of his monthly wages into his EPFO account for next 3 months.
 EPFO workers can withdraw xx% from their account for next 3 months.
 ₹50 lakh insurance cover for health workers involved in managing the
Coronavirus such as doctors, nurses, paramedical staff, ASHA workers etc. for
the next 90 days.
📑1D:Loans Women Self Help Groups (SHGs) to be given ₹20 lakh collateral free loans.
MGNREGA 👷‍♂️👷‍♀️MNREGA wage ⏫ from ₹182/day to ₹202
Food/  (Pillar6A: Malnutrition) PM Garib Kalyan Ann (अन्न) Yojana
Cooking  ( 📑Pill: 5A) PM-Ujjwala LPG
66.12 👩‍ 📯🧔 ‍W OMEN SCHEMES→ VIOLENCE / SKILLING / MISC.
In following table, by default the boss is WCD Ministry, unless mentioned otherwise:
SHe-Box (2017)  Online portal where Women employees (both in public & private sector
jobs) can register sexual harassment complaints. → Govt initiates action
under the POSH Act 2013. [यौन उत्पीड़न के ख़िलाफ़ शिकायत के लिए]
Helpline (2015)  Women Helpline Scheme Number: 181
Pradhan Mantri  Petroleum Ministry gives free LPG connection for BPL women. 📑Ref:
Ujjawala Yojana Pillar#5: Infra handout
STEP (1986) for  ‘Support to Training & Employment Programme for Women (STEP)
skilling  Girls aged 16/> are given skill training & support for Agriculture,
Horticulture, Food Processing, Handlooms, Tailoring, Stitching,
Embroidery, Zari etc, Handicrafts, Computer, spoken English, Gems &
Jewellery, Travel & Tourism, Hospitality etc.
Entrepre-  Social Justice Ministry: National Backward Classes Finance &
neurship Development Corporation (NBCFDC) → Mahila Samriddhi Yojana →
उद्यमिता
Concessional Loans for female entrepreneurs.
 Department of Financial Services → credit guarantee through NCGTC ltd
→ Standup India: SC/ST & Women entrepreneurs given loans from 10
lakh to 1 cr in each SCB Bank branch.
 MSMS Ministry: Public procurement quota for women entrepreneurs’
Micro & Small Enterprises. Ref Pillar4B.
 Mahila e-Haat (2016): - Boss? WCD ministry. - It is a direct online digital
marketing platform for women sellers to directly connect with the buyers.
#www: Web-  WCD Ministry’s online campaign to recognize women who did good
Wonder Women work through social media. Any Indian origin woman working anywhere
in the world is eligible.
☎️Helpline  ☎️112=all types of emergency. ☎️181=women. ☎️1098=child
66.12.1 👩🏻‍⚖️ Nari Adalat (women collectives)

• Nari Adalat is an alternative mechanism at Gram Panchayat level
• Judge? socially respected women of given area.
• (1) To handle petty (small) cases faced by women e.g. harassment, curtailment of rights or
entitlements by in-laws etc.
• (2) Awareness generation and getting feedback for govt schemes for women.
Nari Adalat given support by (1) Ministry of Panchayati Raj, (2) Ministry of Rural Development, (3)
MEITY (Ministry of Electronics & Information Tech) → Common Service Centres (CSCs).
👮
66.12.2 Mahila Police Volunteers
• Boss? Ministry of Women and Child Dev. in collab with Ministry of Home Affairs.
• Funding? Via Nirbhaya Fund
• Mahila Police Volunteers (MPV) are appointed as a link between police and the community
and facilitate women in distress such as domestic violence, child marriage, dowry
harassment etc.
👮
66.12.3 Reservation for Women in Police Force
• Home Ministry has advised all the state governments to provide 33% reservation to women
in police/
• Bihar, Gujarat, Odisha, Nagaland, Rajasthan, Jharkhand, Madhya Pradesh, Telangana and
most UTs have already extended such reservation -as per India Yearbook 2023.
📲
66.12.4 PANIC Button in Mobile Phones
• Boss? Department of Telecommunications
• Featurephones (e.g. basic Nokia numberpad handsets ): panic button configured to the
numeric key 5 or 9 a
• Smart phones: three times short pressing of the on-off button.
• Panic button should send call to 112 number Emergency Response Support System (ERSS)
• Further, all new mobile phones will be required to have the facility of identifying the location
through satellite based OPS.
👵
66.12.5 Mandatory Mention of Widows’ Name on Death Certificates
• Initiative by WCD Ministry with help of the office of Registrar General of India (under
Home Ministry), and the state governments
• To ensure that the name of the widow is compulsorily mentioned in the death certificate of
her husband. (पति के मृत्यु प्रमाण पत्र में विधवा का नाम लिखना अनिवार्य।)
• this will help her get pension insurance and other entitlements more easily.
👨‍👩‍👧
66.12.6 New Passport Rules (2015) to help single/divorced mothers
• Boss? Ministry of External Affairs
• issued new Passport Rules to help single/divorced mothers
• A person can obtain passport only by specifying his/her mother’s name. Giving father’s
name is not compulsory. (पासपोर्ट अर्ज़ी के लिए बाप का नाम लिखना ज़रूरी नहीं।)
• Person does not need to submit marriage/divorce certificates with Passport.
66.13 👩‍🦰🛌 W OMEN HOSTEL / SHELTER / WOMEN IN DISTRESS
Ujjawala Scheme  WCD Ministry scheme for women-children trafficking / prostitution
(2007)  Prevention, rescue & rehabilitation of victims: send them to shelter homes
or reconnect with family, give skill training to former prostitutes etc.
Swadhar Greh  To setup 1 Swadhar Greh Shelter home in each district to provide shelter,
Scheme food, clothing & skill training for women in distress.
Sakhi One Stop  Setup using ₹ ₹ from Nirbhaya Fund. These centres provide assistance to
Centres (2015) women victims of domestic abuse / rape / prostitution / trafficking etc.
(and depending on case they may be sent to Swadhar Greh Shelter homes
or reconnected with family.)
PM Mahila  This is for all women who want to enroll in Govt schemes - be it for
Shakti Kendra education, skill, entrepreneurship, LPG connection etc.
(2017)  NCC/NSS/Students are placed as ‘Volunteers’ in these centres to help
women fill up forms etc.
66.13.1 👩‍🦰🛌
Women Hostel → Shakti Sadan (Swadhar Greh and Ujjawala)
Boss? Ministry of Women and Child Development (WCD)
BEFORE AFTER
(1)Swadhar Greh shelter-homes for women in difficult
Merged into single shelter
circumstances e.g. rape victim, widow, divorcée etc.
home/scheme called “Shakti Sadan”
(2) Ujjawala shelter-homes for prostitutes
The residents of Shakti Sadan are to be provided with shelter, food, clothing, healthcare, essential
daily need items, Vocational training, social security benefits (e.g. health insurance, widow pension
etc. depending on eligibility).
66.13.2 👩‍🦰🛌
Women Hostel → Sakhi Niwas
Sakhi Niwas scheme also known as Working Women Hostel (WWH) gives two things:
1.Working women ke liye: safe accommodation with food and medical assistance
2.Daycare / babysitting / creche for children of working women.
66.14 👩‍‍💰 🗄:📯🧔 W OMEN FUNDS

- Autonomous body registered under the Societies Registration Act 1860.
Rashtriya
Chairman? WCD Minister.
Mahila Kosh
- It gives loan ₹ to Microfinance institutes → loans to women self-help
(1993)
groups so they can achieve economic independence. (लघु वित/सूक्ष्म ऋण)
- Non-lapsable fund administered by the Dept of Economic Affairs of the
Finance ministry.
Nirbhaya Fund
- Govt dept / NGOs propose women safety projects to WCD ministry (e.g.
(2013)
CCTV cameras, panic button in public buses etc) → ₹ ₹ given from
Nirbhaya Fund.
66.14.1 ‍ 👩‍ 📯🧔 - 3 Umbrella Schemes to cover all women schemes
2021-March, Ministry of Women and Child Development announced that existing schemes will be
clubbed into 3 umbrella schemes. Reason? More effective monitoring & implementation.
प्रभावी रूप से निगरानी और अमल करने के लिए वर्तमान योजनाओं को तीन छतरी योजनाओं के नीचे वर्गीकृ त किया गया है
S Umbrella Scheme Schemes included

r
1. Saksham Anganwadi and ICDS and its components like - Anganwadi Services,
POSHAN 2.0 Poshan Abhiyan, Scheme for Adolescent Girls, National
महिला किशोरी और बच्चों के लिए- Creche Scheme
भोजन पोषण इत्यादि
2. Mission VATSALYA Child Protection Services and Child Welfare Services. 📑
बाल सुरक्षा और कल्याण More in Pill#6C weaker section
3. Mission Shakti (Mission for Has two sub-schemes - ‘Sambal’ and ‘Samarthya’
Protection and Empowerment more details given below:
for Women) महिला सुरक्षा और
सशक्तिकरण
66.14.2 👩‍🦰💪 Mission Shakti→ ‘Sambal’ and ‘Samarthya’

Sub-scheme Sambal Samarthya
safety and security of
Objective for empowerment of women
women
Shakti Sadan - Ujjwala and Swadhar Greh, Sakhi Niwas-
One Stop Centre (OSC),
Working Women Hostel, Pradhan Mantri Matru
Women Helpline (WHL),
Components Vandana Yojana, Palna - National Creche Scheme,
Beti Bachao Beti Padhao
Gender Budgeting, Hub for Empowerment of Women
(BBBP) ,Nari Adalat.
(HEW)
🤰
66.14.3 Pradhan Mantri Matru Vandana Yojana - Revamped (2022)
Boss? WCD Ministry
Originally (2017) AFTER 2022 reform
(1) ₹5000 for birth of 1st child [in two instalments of 2500+2500] AND
₹5000 for birth of 1st
(2) ₹6000 for birth of 2nd child, ONLY IF the 2nd child is daughter [in
child
single instalment after childbirth].
Objectives behind money transfer?
• To provide cash incentive for partial compensation for the wage loss so that the woman can
take adequate rest before and after delivery of the first child;
• To improve health behaviour: Because mothers have to visit the hospital for regular medical
checkup and child vaccination Only then money is released.
👩‍
66.14.4 ‍✍ Women / Gender Development: Conclusion-Template (निष्कर्ष)
 Sustainable Development Goal SDG# 5 requires India to achieve gender equality & empower all
women & girls. Both human & economic development of India, it’s imperative that we address
the rampant gender inequality in India on war-footing. OR
 While Beti Bachao Beti Padhao & Sukanya Samridhi Yojana are important steps in gender
empowerment, yet, India’s poor ranking in the global report indicates that Govt schemes alone
can’t ⏬ the gender inequality until the collective will & mindset of Indian society is changed.
(के वल सरकारी कदमो से कु छ नहीं होगा सामूहिक इच्छाशक्ति, समाज की मानसिकता बदलने की भी जरूरत है)
66.15 👶W EAKER SECTION → CHILDREN (बालक बच्चे)
66.15.1 👶→ Constitutional Protection

✓ Art. 15/3 : No discrimination but special provision in favour of women & children allowed.
✓ **21A: Right to free & compulsory education for children aged 6-14.
✓ Art. 23: Prohibition of human trafficking & bonded labour. [मानव तस्करी और बं धुआ मज़दूरी]
✓ Art. 24: Prohibition of child labour in factory, mine or any other hazardous occupation.
✓ Art. 39 (f): State shall ensure that Children are given opportunities for healthy development &
protected against exploitation, moral & material abandonment.
✓ Art. 45: State to provide early childhood care & education for all children.
✓ **51A(k): Fundamental duty of parents & guardians to provide right to education for 6-14 aged
children. (माता-पिता और अभिभावक का मौलिक कर्तव्य है बच्चों की शिक्षा) **inserted by 86th Amendment, 2002
66.15.2 👶 → Legal Protection
 1986: Child Labour (Prohibition & Regulation) Act. → Amendment in 2016: <14 aged can’t be
employed anywhere except TV/ Cinema /Sports (but not circus) & Non hazardous family
enterprise work after school hours. Adolescents (aged 14 to 18) can be employed but only in
non-hazardous work. (बाल मजदूरी प्रति बं धन)
 2000: Juvenile Justice Care & Protection of Children Act (किशोर न्याय देखभाल और बच्चों का सं रक्षण
अधिनियम). Replaced by new Act in 2015 → gives Juvenile Justice Board certain powers against the
16-18 y.o child offenders who commit heinous offences (जघन्य अपराध) like rape & murder.
 2005: National Commission for Protection of Child Rights (NCPCR) Act in 2005, setup in
2007. [बाल अधिकारों की रक्षा के लिए राष्ट्रीय आयोग]
 2006: Prohibition of Child Marriage Act. Replaced earlier act of 1929. (बालविवाह प्रतिबं ध)
 2012: Protection of Children against Sexual Offences Act (POCSO: यौन अपराधों में बच्चों का सं रक्षण)
 2015: Central Adoption Resource Authority (CARA: कें द्रीय दत्तक ग्रहण सं साधन प्राधिकरण). It was
originally set up as an autonomous body but given statutory status in 2015, under the Juvenile
Justice Act & given certain powers to enforce Hague convention on protection of children
during inter-country adoption. CARA falls under WCD Ministry.
👶 📯🧔 HRD Weaker Section → Children → Orphan in Corona
66.15.3
PM CARES for - 🕵️‍♀️Boss? Women and Child Development Ministry
Children Scheme - To identify the children who lost both the parents during Corona, and
help them [कोरोना में अनाथ हुए बच्चों की मदद करो योजना]
- They’ll be given free Education in School, Eligible for PM-JAY: ₹5 lakh
health insurance, Interest free loans for higher education etc.
- Orphans given support upto age of 23.
Bal Swaraj portal National Commission for Protection of Child Rights (NCPCR) Bal Swaraj
portal for children in need of care and protection. And it is also used for
helping children/orphans who lost both their parents in Corona.
66.15.4 👶 📯🧔 HRD Weaker Section → Children → Misc. Portal/GK

For the health / education schemes, refer to previous sections of Handout 6B 📑
Carings Portal WCD Ministry → CARA’s portal for adoption of orphans.
Khoya-Paya Portal WCD Ministry’s portal for missing children information.
TrackChild portal
GHAR (GO Home Boss? NCPCR- National Commission for Protection of Child Right
and Re-Unite) Portal • Digital tracking of children in the Juvenile Justice system.
• Sending/repatriation of such children to another
Country/State/District.
• providing language translator during the repatriation process.
Pencil Portal Labour Ministry portal for child labour complaints
Pocso E-box National Commission for Protection of Child Rights (NCPCR)’s portal for
child sex abuse complaints. (बच्चों का यौन शोषण)
Children’s Day - India celebrates on 14th November, Nehru’s B’day.
बाल दिवस - UN celebrates on 20th November
Hausala 2018 Sports / Drama / Arts Competition of orphans, abandoned children living
in Child Care Institutions by WCD Ministry @ Delhi.
Policies - 2013: National Child Policy. [राष्ट्रीय बाल नीति]
- 2023: National Early Childhood Care and Education (NECCE) Policy
- 2018: (draft) National Child Protection Policy - against sexual abuse.
📊Ranking/Report - State of the World’s Children 2021 Report Released by UNICEF.
66.15.5 Children→ 🍕 Junk Food Guidelines

• By Ministry of Education and Ministry of Health.
• All CBSE affiliated schools need to follow them.
• Street vendors should not be permitted to sell junk foods during school timings in a vicinity
of 200 meters from any school.
66.16 HRD → WEAKER SECTION → PH ( ♿)
• Boss? Social Justice Ministry → Dept of Empowerment of Persons with Disabilities (दिव्यांगजन
सशक्तिकरण विभाग)
• Data: (Census-2011): - 1.50 crore men + 1.18 crore women= 2.68 crore PH in the country (=
2.21% total population). - 69% of PH population lives in rural areas.
♿
66.16.1 PH → Constitutional Protection:
- Art. 16: Equal opportunity in Govt jobs. (सरकारी नौकरियों में समान अवसर)
- Art. 41: The State shall, within the limits of its economic capacity make effective provision for
the right to work, right to education & right to public assistance in cases of unemployment, old
age, sickness & disablement. [बेरोज़गार, बुजुर्ग, बीमार और अपाहिजों/ विकलांग की सहायता सरकार का कर्तव्य]
- Art. 46: State to promote educational & economic interests of the weaker sections, & protect
them from social injustice & exploitation. [कमज़ोर वर्ग को सामाजिक अन्याय और शोषण से बचाना]
- 7th Sch: State List Entry 9: Relief of the disabled & unemployable.
♿
66.16.2 PH → Legal Protection:
- 1987: Mental Health Act (मानसिक स्वास्थ्य कानून)
- 1992: Rehabilitation Council of India Act (भारतीय पुनर्वास परिषद अधिनियम).- A statutory body under
Social Justice Ministry. The Council is responsible for regulating professionals in the area of
rehabilitation and special education. e.g. Clinical Psychology, Rehabilitation Psychology, Speech
and Hearing, Hearing Impairment, Visual Impairment, Intellectual and Developmental
Disability, Locomotor & Cerebral palsy, Autism spectrum & disorder, Learning disability,,
Vocation Counselling etc.
- 1999: National Trust for the Welfare of Persons with. Autism, Cerebral Palsy, Mental
Retardation & Multiple Disabilities Act
- 1995: Persons with Disabilities Equal Opportunities, Protection of Rights & Full Participation
Act (replaced with new act in 2016, given below)
- 2016: Rights of Persons with Disabilities Act: (दिव्यांग अधिकारअधिनियम 2016) It increases PH
reservation from 3% to 4%, & recognizes new types of disabilities like Acid Attack victim, Sickle
Cell disease etc. total 21 types disabilities recognized.
Legally recognized Disabilities: →
✓ Blindness, Low-vision ✓ Muscular Dystrophy
✓ Mute / Speech & Language disability ✓ Chronic Neurological conditions,
✓ Hearing Impairment (deaf & hard of Parkinson's disease, Specific Learning
hearing), Locomotor Disability, Dwarfism Disabilities, Multiple Sclerosis
✓ Leprosy Cured persons, Intellectual ✓ Thalassemia, Hemophilia, Sickle Cell
Disability, Mental Illness disease
✓ Autism Spectrum Disorder, Cerebral Palsy ✓ Acid Attack victim
66.16.3 ♿ 📯🧔 PH → Institutes/ centres under Social Justice ministry
Institute Location
Ali Yavar Jung National Institutes of Speech and Hearing Disabilities Mumbai
National Inst. for the Empowerment of Persons with Intellectual Disabilities Secunderabad
National Inst. for Empowerment of Persons with Multiple Disabilities Chennai
National Institute for Empowerment of Persons with Visual Disability Dehradun
National Institute for Locomotor Disability Kolkata
Pt. Deendayal Upadhyaya National Inst. for Persons with Physical Disabilities Delhi
Swami Vivekanand National Institute for Rehabilitation Training and Research Cuttack
Indian Sign Language Research and Training Centre New Delhi
National Institute of Mental Health Rehabilitation Sehore, MP
66.16.4 ♿ 📯🧔 PH → Welfare schemes

Ministry of Social Justice runs following schemes →
Scheme features
Sugamya Bharat 2015: launched to make the public buildings & websites more accessible to
Accessible India PH. Ref: Pillar#5 Infra
ADIP - Assistance to Disabled Persons for purchase of Fitting Devices (ADIP)
(2005) e.g. Tricycles, Wheelchairs, Crutches, Walking Sticks, Brail kits,
Scheme features
Hearing Aids etc
- Social Justice Ministry → Artificial Limbs Manufacturing Corporation
of India (ALIMCO) implements it.
DDRS Deendayal Disabled Rehabilitation Scheme (DDRS)
(1999) - It has subschemes like Samarth, Nirmaya, Sahyogi, Gharaunda, Gyan
Prabha, Uddyam Prabha etc. for scholarships for students with
disabilities, Skill training, rehabilitation, awareness generation etc.
66.16.5 HRD: → Social Defence Elderly, Drug Addicts (सामाजिक सुरक्षा)
Social justice ministry is also responsible for ‘social defense’ of (1) senior citizens (2) drug addicts.
66.17 👴E LDERLY (व्यस्क)
- Senior citizen is a person aged 60 / >

- 2007: Maintenance & Welfare of Parents & Senior Citizens Act. Children / heirs can’t abandon
elderly, else penalty through special tribunals.
- 2012: National Council of Senior Citizens (NCSrC) headed by Minister of Social Justice &
Empowerment. Neither statutory nor constitutional but set up via gazette notification.
- 2017: Rashtriya Vayoshri Yojana: Social Justice Ministry → Artificial Limbs Manufacturing
Corporation (ALIMCO) gives free assisted living devices such as Walking Sticks, Crutches, Hearing
Aids, Wheelchairs, Artificial Dentures & Spectacles at FREE of cost to BPL senior citizens only.
- 2017: Pradhan Mantri Vaya Vandana Yojana: LIC guaranteed return scheme that we learned in
Pillar#1: Insurance.
- 2021: Atal Vayo Abhyuday Yojana [National Action Plan for Senior Citizens]= Social Justice
Ministry’s umbrella scheme for financial security, healthcare and nutrition, shelter and welfare,
protection of life and property, entertainment etc. [बुजुर्गों की आर्थिक सुरक्षा, स्वास्थ्य, आवास, जीवन तथा सं पत्ति की
रक्षा इत्यादि के लिए सामाजिक न्याय मं त्रालय कि छतरी योजना]
- 2021: Social Justice Ministry’s Poshan Abhiyan for the Elderly to combat malnutrition to the elders,
who are not staying in the Old Age Homes and are victims of severe malnutrition, by serving hot-
cooked mid-day meals using Gram Panchayats and Urban Municipalities using ₹₹ from Senior
Citizens Welfare Fund. [जो गरीब बुजुर्ग वृद्धाश्रम में नहीं रहते, किं न्तु अत्यंत कु पोषण से पीड़ित हैं उन्हें ग्राम पंचायत और शहरी
नगरपालिका की मदद से दोपहर को गर्म खाना दिया जाए- उस वास्ते सामाजिक न्याय मं त्रालय का पोषण अभियान]
📆 Notable Days - 1st October: International Day for Older Persons (Social Justice ministry
organized “Vayo Naman Program” to honor them)
- 2020-2030: United Nations Decade of Healthy Ageing
👴 SACRED Portal To help senior citizens to find jobs. Boss? Social Justice Ministry
👴 SAGE Initiative - 🕵️‍♀️Boss? Social Justice Ministry
स्टार्टअप कं पनियों को बुजुर्गों की - Use Startup companies to help senior citizens. (e.g. delivering food,
मदद करो योजना medicine, home care etc)
- Senior care Ageing Growth Engine (SAGE) project
♿ Unique Disability - 🕵️‍♀️Boss? Divyangjan Department [विकलांगों को एक और नया कार्ड दे दो
Identification (UDID) योजना]
Card - It is a photo ID card for physically handicapped persons So they can
benefit from various government schemes
🤲 SMILE Scheme - 🕵️‍♀️Boss? Social Justice Ministry
[भिखारियों को कौशल रोज़गार - Beggars rehabilitation program
देके पुनः स्थापन करो योजना] - SMILE scheme (Support for Marginalized Individuals for Livelihood
and Enterprise scheme).
Conclusion? XYZ issue need to be address to ⏫ older persons' well being, dignity & participation in
social, cultural, economic and civic and political life (वृद्धो की प्रतिष्ठा और सहूलियत, वृद्धो की सामाजिक, सांस्कृ तिक, आर्थिक
और नागरिक और राजनीतिक जीवन में भागीदारी के लिए कदम उठाना जरूरी )
MCQ. Find correct features of Atal Vayo Abhyuday Yojana (AVYAY)? (UPSC-EPFO-2023)
1. Fulfil basic needs of destitute elderly citizens
2. Build and strengthen intergenerational relationships through Regional Resource and Training Centres
3. Provide guaranteed monthly pension to elderly citizens
4. Establish Atal Incubation centres for elderly citizens
Select the correct answer using the code given below:
(a) 1, 2, and 4 (b) 3 and 4 only (c) 1 and 2 only (d) 1 only
66.17.1 → Senior citizens → retired government employees
Boss? Ministry of personnel → Department of Pension and Pensioners’ Welfare
Initiative Feature
Bhavishya online tracking system for pension sanction and payment
channelising skill, experience and time available with retired government servants
Sankalp
for voluntary contribution to society.
Anubhav retiring government officials to write about their their experiences while in service.
portal So new officers can learn from it.
Pension to provide a single platform where the concerned stakeholders, viz., ministry
Adalats officials/bankers/pensioners sit and resolve the complaints.
🍻
66.17.2 Drug Addicts (नशे के लती/ नशेड़ी)
- Narcotic Drugs & Psychotropic Substances Act (NDPS-1985: स्वापक औषधि एवं मन:प्रभावी पदार्थ
अधिनयम) contains provisions for punishment for drug-peddlers & rehabilitation of drug addicts.
66.18 👭🧑‍🤝‍🧑W EAKER SECTION: LGBT (समलैंगिक और किन्नर)
- Lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, queer & intersex (LGBTQI)

- 2018: Supreme Court declares Indian Penal Code (IPC) Section 377 unconstitutional.
Consensual homosexual acts between consenting adults are decriminalized.
- 2019: Akhil Bhartiya Kinnar Siksha Seva Trust (a non-Govt body) announced setting up India’s
first university for transgender in Fazilnagar in Kushinagar district in UP (Uttar Pradesh).
- 😷 2020: Manipur NGO’s initiative “Khudol (gift)” for giving food, medicine, & quarantine
facility material to LGBTQI+ & HIV community during Corona Crisis. It’s listed among top-10
global initiatives for an inclusive fight against Corona, by UN.
66.18.1 👨‍⚖️ National Council for Transgender Persons (ट्रांसजेंडर व्यक्तियों के लिए राष्ट्रीय परिषद)
• 2016: Transgender Persons (Protection of Rights) Bill → became Act in 2019. to prohibit
discrimination against them in education / employment / residence; National Council for
Transgender (NCT) for their welfare.
• Although SC earlier directed Govt to give reservation to TG but bill/act did not have it.
• NCPT is a statutory body under Transgender Persons Protection of Rights Act, 2019
• Chairman = Union Minister for Social Justice & Empowerment
• Vice Chairman= Union Minister of state for Social Justice & Empowerment (उपाध्यक्ष)
• representatives of various Ministries/Departments, NHRC & NCW, State Govt/UT, NGOs.
• Five representatives of transgender community.
• Non ex-officio members will have 3 years tenure.
• More details about the functions & responsibilities prepared from CA-PDF/Polity courses.
🏳️‍🌈
66.18.2 SMILE for Transgender and Beggars
• Boss? Social justice ministry.
• Support for Marginalized Individuals for Livelihood and Enterprise (SMILE)
• Includes two sub-schemes -(1) Welfare of Transgender Persons (2) Rehabilitation of Beggars
• Provides rehabilitation, medical facilities, education, skill development, economic linkages
Next Handout: Pillar6E: Human Development & Sustainable Development

Ef6d HDT Women SC ST Minorities PH Pcb11

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PILLAR#6D: WEAKER SECTION, GENDER DEVELOPMENT

65 ☪✝HRD/EDU → WEAKER SECTION → MINORITIES, SC/ST

65.1.1 ☪✝ Minorities → Constitutional Protection (सं वैधानिक सं रक्षण)

65.1.6 💬 Linguistic Minorities ke constitutional rights

65.1.7 ☪✝ 🕵🏼[YEARBOOK] Ministry of Minority Affairs (अल्पसं ख्यक कार्य मं त्रालय)

65.1.12 ☪✝: 📯🧔 → Minority Skill/culture → PM VIKAS (2022)

65.1.17 ☪✝: 📯🧔 → Pilgrim → Hajj → Mehram

65.2.1 ST → Constitutional Protection (सं विधानिक सुरक्षा)

65.2.4 🕵🏼[YEARBOOK] Ministry of Tribal Affairs (जनजातीय कार्य मं त्रालय)

65.2.5 🌳 ST → Particularly Vulnerable Tribal Groups (PVTGs)

65.2.6 ST / PVTG Welfare in 👛Budget-2023

65.2.7 🌳 ST welfare → PM-JANMAN for PVTGS (2023)

65.2.13 📯🧔 ST → ST villages: Pradhan Mantri Adi Adarsh Gram Yojna

65.2.16 🌳 ST → Partnership with private/global players

65.3.4 🪜 SC Sub-categorisation: Madiga in Telangana (2023)

65.3.6 🪜 SC Sub-categorisation: Union’s Stand (2024)

65.3.10 SC Welfare: Pradhan Mantri Anusuchit Jaati Abhyuday Yojana (PM-AJAY)

65.3.12 DNT: SEED (Scheme for Economic Empowerment of DNTs)

65.4.3 Weaker Section → PM-YASASVI – Scholarship for Class-9 to 12

66 👩‍ HRD/EDU → W EAKER SECTION → WOMEN & CHILDREN

66.2 👩‍‍→ L EGAL PROVISIONS (कानूनी सं रक्षण)

66.4 👩‍‍🕵🏼[YEARBOOK] M INISTRY OF WOMEN & CHILD DEVELOPMENT

66.5 👶>👧 S ON-META PREFERENCE (पुत्री के बाद पुत्र की चाह)

3 Dimensions Indicators & Data: 2021’s Report → India Denmark

66.12.1 👩🏻‍⚖️ Nari Adalat (women collectives)

66.14 👩‍‍💰 🗄:📯🧔 W OMEN FUNDS

S Umbrella Scheme Schemes included

66.14.2 👩‍🦰💪 Mission Shakti→ ‘Sambal’ and ‘Samarthya’

66.15 👶W EAKER SECTION → CHILDREN (बालक बच्चे)

66.15.1 👶→ Constitutional Protection

66.15.4 👶 📯🧔 HRD Weaker Section → Children → Misc. Portal/GK

66.15.5 Children→ 🍕 Junk Food Guidelines

66.16 HRD → WEAKER SECTION → PH ( ♿)

66.16.4 ♿ 📯🧔 PH → Welfare schemes

- Senior citizen is a person aged 60 / >

- Lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, queer & intersex (LGBTQI)

Next Handout: Pillar6E: Human Development & Sustainable Development

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