WIND LOAD CALCULATION:
Design wind speed Vdes,Ө = VR x Md x Mz,cat x Ms x Mt
Regional Gust wind speed V500 = 66 m/s Table 5-7, Site Conditions design criteria
V1000 = 70 m/s Table 5-7, Site Conditions design criteria
Wind directional multiplier Md = 1
Terrain/height multiplier Mz,cat = 0.96 (Table-4.1(b) For Terrain category 2, and 6 m height structures)-Linear Interpolation
Shielding Multiplier Ms = 1 (Clause 4.3, AS 1170.2-2011- No shielding from nearby structures)
Topographic Multiplier Mt = maximum of Mh & Mlee
Mh = 1 (Clause 4.4.2, AS 1170.2-2011)
Mlee = 0 (Not applicable for Australia)
So, Mt = 1
So, Vdes,Ө = 66 x 1 x 0.96 x 1 x 1
= 63.36 m/s
Design wind pressure p = (0.5 ρair) [Vdes,θ]2 Cfig Cdyn
Density of air ρair = 1.2 kg/m3 (Clause 2.4.1, AS 1170.2-2011)
Dynamic response factor Cdyn = 1 (Clause 6.1, AS 1170.2-2011 for structure with fundamental frequency > 1 Hz)
So, p = 0.5 x 1.2 x 63.36 x 63.36 x 1/1000
2.41 x Cfig kN/m2
WIND LOAD CALCULATION FOR STRUCTURAL FRAMES
Aerodynamic shape factor Cfig = 1.2 + 0.26 (1 − δe) (Appendix-E, Clause E2.2 For Open frame structures without shielding effect)
Solidity ratio δe = Solid area of structure / Total area of structure
X-Direction
Total Area of Structure = 11.5 x 4
= 46 m2
Solid Area of Structure = 0.2*4*4+0.2*4.55*2+0.16*5.25*2+0.16*1.7*2+0.16*4.8*2
10 m2
So, δe = 10 / 46
0.22
Cfig = 1.2 + 0.26 (1 − 0.22)
= 1.403
p = 2.41 x 1.403
3.382 kN/m2
Z-Direction
Total Area of Structure = 5.7 x 4
= 22.8 m2
Solid Area of Structure = 0.2*4*2+0.2*5.7*2+0.16*1*1+0.12*1.5*1
5 m2
So, δe = 5 / 22.8
0.22
Cfig = 1.2 + 0.26 (1 − 0.22)
= 1.403
p = 2.41 x 1.403
3.382 kN/m2
Wind Force F = pxA
After giving the value of wind pressure in STAAD, Wind Force is automatically calculated for individual member considering the effective area.
WIND LOAD CALCULATION FOR TANKS
Aerodynamic shape factor Cfig = Cp,b (θb) (Appendix-C, Clause C5.2.1 for Isolated circular bins, silos and tanks)
External Pressure coefficient Cp,b (θb) = kbCp1(θb)
θb = 0 deg (To take the maximum effect of Wind on tank wall)
Cp1(θb) = − 0.5 + 0.4 cosθ b + 0.8cos2θ b + 0.3cos 3θ b − 0.1cos 4θ b − 0.05 cos 5θ b
0.85
kb = 1 (For Cp1(θb) >= -0.15)
So, Cfig = 1 x 0.85
= 0.85
p = 2.41 x 0.85
2.049 kN/m2
Wind Force F = p x Aeff
Primary Tank
Diameter D = 3.5 m
Height of tank H = 3.9 m
Effective Area Aeff = (πxD/4) x H
= 10.73 m2
So, Wind Shear Force F = 2.049 x 10.73
= 21.99 kN
Moment at bottom of tank M = 21.99 x 3.9 /2
= 42.88 kNm
Secondary Tank
Diameter D = 3.2 m
Height of tank H = 3.9 m
Effective Area Aeff = (πxD/4) x H
= 9.81 m2
So, Wind Shear Force F = x 9.81
= 20.11 kN
Moment at bottom of tank M = 20.11 x 3.9 /2
= 39.21 kNm
